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{{Infobox port
| name = Vadhvan Port
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| country = India
| location = [[Vadhvan]], [[Palghar district|Palghar]], [[Maharashtra]]
| coordinates = {{coord|19|55.8|N|72|39.6|E|display=inline,title}}
| opened =
| operated = Vadhvan Port Project Limited (VPPL), [[Jawaharlal Nehru Port|Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority]]
| owner = [[Government of India]] and [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| type = [[Artificial island|Offshore]] [[Container ship|Deepsea Port]]
| sizewater =
| sizeland =
| size =
| berths =
| wharfs =
| piers =
| employees =
| leadershiptitle =
| leader =
| blankdetailstitle1 =
| blankdetails1 =
| blankdetailstitle2 =
| blankdetails2 =
| blankdetailstitle3 =
| blankdetails3 =
| arrivals =
| cargotonnage =
| containervolume =
| cargovalue =
| passengertraffic =
| revenue =
| profit =
| blankstatstitle1 = Length of navigational channel
| blankstats1 =
| blankstatstitle2 = wide of navigational channel
| blankstats2 =
| draft_depth = {{convert|20|m|ft}}
| website = https://vadhvanport.in/
| logo =
}}

'''Vadhavan Port''' is an approved [[deep-sea port|deep seaport]] at [[Vadhavan]] in [[Palghar district|Palghar]] district of [[Maharashtra]]. The ground breaking for start of construction was done by [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] on 30 August 2024.The concept plan for an offshore mega Port project was designed by Surendra Sharma a fellow of NMIS in 2015 for MMB; the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Port]] Authority (JNPA) is responsible for the construction of the port.<ref>{{cite web |title=This memorandum of understanding entered into on 5th day of Jun 2015 at Mumbai. For Development of a satellite port for Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPA) off Vadhvan point south of Dahanu port on the cost of Maharashtra between Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPA) and Maharashtra Maritime Board (MMB). |url=https://www.jnport.gov.in/media/2020/Dec/2020_12_04_12_08_13_.pdf |access-date=5 April 2024 |archive-date=24 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924212328/https://www.jnport.gov.in/media/2020/Dec/2020_12_04_12_08_13_.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> It will be country's first ''Offshore Port'' in which the port will be built on an artificial island.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwsi_zh37so | title=The upcoming 13th Major Port of India, the Vadhavan Port at Maharashtra!! | website=[[YouTube]] | date=7 July 2024 }}</ref> After the construction of the port, it will be 2nd Mother Port in India after [[Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram]] according to [[Sagar Mala project]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.india-briefing.com/news/sagarmala-developing-india-ports-aid-economic-growth12980-12980.html/ | title=India's Mega Port Development Project 'Sagarmala': An Explainer for Investors | date=31 August 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/india-to-get-six-new-mega-ports-under-ministry-of-shippings-sagarmala-project-3082626.html | title=India to get six new mega ports under Ministry of Shipping's Sagarmala project | date=November 2016 }}</ref> It is estimated that the construction of the port will cost of {{INRConvert|76220|c}}.<ref name=vadhavan>{{cite report|title="Executive Summary" For Development Of A Greenfield Port At Vadhavan, District –Palghar, Maharashtra|url=https://www.mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2023-11/executiv_summary.pdf|publisher=Environmental Consultant Enkay Enviro Services Private Limited|access-date=5 April 2024|archive-date=5 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405094635/https://www.mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2023-11/executiv_summary.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Vadhavan will be constructed by Vadhavan Port Project Limited, a special purpose vehicle. [[Jawaharlal Nehru Port]] will have a 74 percent stake in the project and [[Maharashtra Maritime Board]] will have 26 percent in a [[public private partnership]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiashippingnews.com/boost-for-maritime-sector-as-rs-76220-crore-vadhavan-port-planned-in-maharashtra-gets-cabinet-nod/|title=Boost for maritime sector as Rs 76,220 Crore Vadhavan Port planned in Maharashtra gets cabinet nod - India Shipping News|date=June 20, 2024|access-date=June 21, 2024|archive-date=June 20, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620150904/https://indiashippingnews.com/boost-for-maritime-sector-as-rs-76220-crore-vadhavan-port-planned-in-maharashtra-gets-cabinet-nod/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-19 |title=Rs 76,000-cr Vadhavan Port project in Maharashtra gets Cabinet approval |url=https://www.business-standard.com/economy/news/rs-76-000-cr-vadhavan-port-project-in-maharashtra-gets-cabinet-approval-124061901136_1.html |website=www.business-standard.com |access-date=2024-06-21 |archive-date=2024-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620034138/https://www.business-standard.com/economy/news/rs-76-000-cr-vadhavan-port-project-in-maharashtra-gets-cabinet-approval-124061901136_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The port will consist of an [[artificial island]], and its berths along with the inner navigable channel will be surrounded by [[Breakwater (structure)|breakwater]], while the outer navigable channel will be open sea. Cargo will be handled through container berths, liquid berths, ro-ro berths and multipurpose cargo berths within harbour. From the Vadhaban Point, towards the sea, a distance of {{convert|10|km|mi}} has a natural depth of {{convert|20|m|ft}}, making it possible to handle large ships in the port. The ''port island'' which will be built on the Arabian Sea will have depths of more than {{convert|20|m|ft}} respectively, and will be able to accommodate [[Container ship|Ultra Large Container Ships(ULCS)]] vessels.

== Port infrastructure ==
=== Harbour ===
The harbour of Vadhavan port is planned as an artificial harbour, which will be protected by [[Breakwater (structure)|breakwaters]]. The harbour will allow large container ships of 233,000 DWT to enter the port. The land required for the construction of cargo handling infrastructure will be reclaimed from the sea by filling with silt.

=== Approach channel ===

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" align=right
|+ Depth of water in the channel{{sfn|JNPT|2023|p=98–99}}
|-
! colspan="2"| Condition and value of depth
! colspan="2"| Channels
|-
! Condition
! Value
! Approach channel
! Inner channel
|-
! rowspan="2" | Natural depth
| Seabed (below CD) || {{convert|17–20|m|ft}} || {{convert|15-17|m|ft}}
|-
| Dredged || {{convert|20|m|ft}} || {{convert|17.5|m|ft}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | Tidal depth
| Minimum (with minimum tidal advantage) || {{convert|22|m|ft}} || {{convert|19.5|m|ft}}
|-
| Maximum (with HHWS) || {{convert|24.7|m|ft}} || {{convert|22.2|m|ft}}
|}

A {{convert|4|km|mi}} long approach channel outside breakwater will be connect the {{convert|17.5|m|ft}} CD deep water body of [[Arabian Sea|Arabian sea]] to the harbour for ships movement.{{sfn|JNPT|2023|p=119}} The approach channel has a design depth of {{convert|20|m|ft}} and a minimum width of {{convert|732|m|ft}}, but the harbor depth of {{convert|17.5|m|ft}} CD (1st phase) will allow vessels of {{convert|14.5|m|ft}} draft to enter and exit the harbour without tidal support. However, the mean sea level (MSL) observed in the port area is {{convert|2.8|m|ft}}, which increases the depth of the approach channel and harbour.{{sfn|JNPT|2023|p=98–99}} The depth of the inner channel and manoeuvring area will be more than {{convert|19.5|m|ft}} with minimum tidal advantage; vessels with a draft of {{convert|16.5|m|ft}} are capable of navigating in this water depth.{{sfn|JNPT|2023|p=119}}{{sfn|JNPT|2023|p=98–99}}

=== Container terminal ===
Initial plans to build the port include four container terminals in the first phase; each terminal consists of 2 berths with a {{convert|1000|m|ft}} long [[wharf]]. The deck height of the wharves is {{convert|7.6|m|ft}} above the [[chart datum]] or mean lower low water (MLLW). Each berth of these terminals will have facilities for handling vessels with a maximum length of {{convert|400|m|ft}} and a beam of {{convert|61|m|ft}}.{{sfn|JNPT|2023|p=216-217}}

== Vadhavan airport ==
There are plans to develop an [[offshore airport]] on an [[artificial island]] adjacent to the sea port which will be the first in the country. The airport will be similar to the [[Hong Kong International Airport]] and [[Kansai International Airport]]. As of 26 February 2025, the project received approval from the [[Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change|environment]] and [[Ministry of Defence (India)|defence ministries]]. A [[feasibility study]] will be conducted by the [[Airports Authority of India]] (AAI) before an investment is finalised. The location is {{Convert|125|km|abbr=on}} from the [[Mumbai International Airport]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2025-02-26 |title=India plans its first offshore airport near Mumbai - key details here |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/travel/news/india-plans-its-first-offshore-airport-near-mumbai-key-details-here/articleshow/118581202.cms |access-date=2026-01-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The airport will be integrated with other transport infrastructure like the Vadhavan Port, metro link to [[Western Railway zone]], [[Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor]], [[Delhi–Mumbai Expressway]], [[Uttan–Virar Sea Link]] as well as an eight-lane road link with the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=www.ETInfra.com |title=India’s first offshore airport at Vadhavan to cost ₹45,000 crore, handle 90 million passengers |url=https://infra.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/aviation/indias-45000-crore-offshore-airport-at-vadhavan-set-to-revolutionize-air-travel-with-90-million-passengers-capacity/127453467 |access-date=2026-01-26 |website=ETInfra.com |language=en}}</ref>

As of 25 January 2026, the project will cost {{INRConvert|45000|c|lk=on|year=2026}}, which includes {{INRConvert|25000|c|lk=|year=2026}} earmarked for [[land reclamation]]. The airport will have an annual capacity of 90 million passengers and 3 million [[metric tonnes]] of cargo. The pre-feasibility study is being conducted by the [[Maharashtra Airport Development Company]] since 2025 and is nearing completion. The airport will feature two [[parallel runways]].<ref name=":1" />

==See also==

* [[Transport in India]]
* [[List of ports in India]]
* [[Sagar Mala project]]

==References ==
{{Reflist|3}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{cite report |author=JNPT |date=2023 |title=Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Development of A Greenfield Port at Vadhavan |url=https://www.mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2023-11/A.%20EIA%20Report_VPPL_29.10.2023_0.pdf |publisher= Maharashtra Pollution Control Board |access-date=7 August 2024}}

[[Category:Ports and harbours of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Proposed ports in India]]
[[Category:Economy of India]]
[[Category:Economy of Maharashtra]]

Vadhavan Port - Revision history

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