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	==Literature==		==Literature==
	Ezhuthachan has contributions in the field of [[literature]] also; he was a poet. He received the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]] award for his autobiography ''{{Interlanguage link\|V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan: aathmakadha\|lt=V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan: aathmakadha\|ml\|വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ: ആത്മകഥ}}'' in 2000.<ref>http://www.mathrubhumi.com/books/awards.php?award=13</ref><ref name="test1">[http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/ml_aw6.htm		Ezhuthachan has contributions in the field of [[literature]] also; he was a poet. He received the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]] award for his autobiography ''{{Interlanguage link\|V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan: aathmakadha\|lt=V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan: aathmakadha\|ml\|വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ: ആത്മകഥ}}'' in 2000.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.mathrubhumi.com/books/awards.php?award=13 \|title=Mathrubhumi {{!}}{{!}} Books \|website=www.mathrubhumi.com \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119091554/http://www.mathrubhumi.com/books/awards.php?award=13 \|archive-date=2011-01-19}}</ref><ref name="test1">[http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/ml_aw6.htm
	Works that won [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]] award for Biography/Autobiography.</ref>		Works that won [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]] award for Biography/Autobiography.</ref>

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>Arjun Madathiparambil Muraleedharan at 16:40, 13 May 2021

2021-05-13T16:40:19Z

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{{short description|Indian freedom fighter}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image = [[File:V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan(Freedom fighter from Kerala).jpg|175px|center|alt=]]
| name =V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan
| caption =
| birth_date = 25 April 1909
| birth_place = [[Avinissery]], [[Thrissur]], [[Kingdom of Cochin]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| residence = [[Thrissur]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2004|05|13|1909|04|25|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Thrissur]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
| office = Member of [[Cochin Legislative Council]]
| term_start = 1945
| term_end = 1948
| constituency =
| office1 = Member of Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly
| 1blankname1 = [[Rajpramukh]]
| 1namedata1 = [[Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma]]
| term_start1 = 1952
| term_end1 = 1954
| predecessor1 = Position Created
| successor1 = [[:ml:കെ.എ. ശിവരാമ ഭാരതി|Sivarama Bharathy]]
| constituency1 = [[Nemmara]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| alma_mater = [[Government Law College, Thiruvananthapuram]]
| spouse = P.K.Lakshmi Bhai
| children = Three daughters and Four sons
| website =
| signature =
| footnotes =
| source = https://books.google.co.in/books?id=MgduAAAAMAAJ&q=v+r+krishnan+ezhuthachan&dq=v+r+krishnan+ezhuthachan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjksMTJwKLZAhUMLY8KHYFmCiM4ChDoAQglMAA
}}
'''V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan''' (1909–2004) was an [[India]]n freedom fighter, [[Gandhism|Gandhian]], [[Journalism|journalist]], trade unionist and [[Indian National Congress]] leader from [[Thrissur]] city in [[Kerala]], [[India]].<ref name = "സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം @ 70"/> Ezhuthachan was the founder general secretary of [[Kochi rajaya prajamandalam]] which was constituted on 26 January 1941. He is also founder of the now defunct ''[[Deenabandhu]]'' daily published from [[Thrissur]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/05/27/stories/2011052757720500.htm
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125082249/http://www.hindu.com/2011/05/27/stories/2011052757720500.htm
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2013-01-25
|work=[[The Hindu]]
|title=Gandhian remembered
|date=2011-05-27
|access-date=2012-05-16}}</ref><ref name="തൃശ്ശൂർ - ചരിത്രം">{{cite web
|url=http://thrissur.gov.in/history.asp
|title=THRISSUR - HISTORY
|publisher=Govt of Thrissur
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111165018/http://thrissur.gov.in/history.asp
|access-date=2018-04-05|archive-date=11 January 2018
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://zeenews.india.com/election09/story.aspx?aid=531408
|title=Fall in poll percentage due to middle class indifference: Ravi
|publisher=Zee News
|access-date=2012-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.cityjournal.in/Newspaper/20120510/Metro/Metro_20.html
|title=VR Krishnan Ezhuthachan remembrance meet on Sunday
|publisher=City Journal
|access-date=2012-05-16}}</ref><ref name = "വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ അന്തരിച്ചു">
{{cite news
|title=വി.ആര്‍. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛന്‍ അന്തരിച്ചു
|url=https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2004/05/13/ker-krishnan-ezhuthachan.html
|access-date=13 February 2018
|newspaper= One India Malayalam
|date=13 May 2004
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213094826/https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2004/05/13/ker-krishnan-ezhuthachan.html
|archive-date=13 February 2018}}
</ref>

==Personal life==
V.R Krishnan Ezhuthachan was born in [[Avinissery]], [[Thrissur]] on 25 April 1909. As the tenth son of Vadakkoot Nelliparambil Raman Ezhuthachan and Njarasseri valappil Lakshmi amma. He completed his primary education from ezhuthupura(old traditional village school) which functioned in his own home.<ref name="Guruvison">{{cite magazine
| date = 31 March 2018
| title = വി. ആർ. കൃഷ്ണൻ എഴുത്തച്ഛൻ
| magazine = ഗുരുവിഷൻ: ചരിത്ര, സംസ്കാരിക, മാസിക(വി. ആർ. കൃഷ്ണൻ എഴുത്തച്ഛൻ സ്പെഷ്യൽ പതിപ്പ്)
| location = [[Thrissur]]
| publisher = K. Sasidharan
}}</ref>[[File:വി. ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛന്റെ ജന്മഗൃഹം.jpg|thumb|V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan's home at [[Avinissery]], [[Thrissur]]]]
After passing the 10th-grade securing gold medal, he completed graduation in [[Economics]] and [[Bachelor of Laws|Law(BL)]] by securing rank. When [[Gandhiji]] arrived [[Thrissur]] in 1925, Ezhuthachan met him and then stepped into the freedom struggle. [[P. Kumaran Ezhuthachan]], an active member of the Cochin State Congress Party, was his mentor in politics.<ref name="V_R_K_C">{{cite web
|url=http://www.vrkrishnanezhuthachanlawcollege.com/aboutus.php
|title=vrkrishnanezhuthachanlawcollege
|publisher=vrkrishnanezhuthachanlawcollege
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721132459/http://www.vrkrishnanezhuthachanlawcollege.com/aboutus.php
|access-date=2018-02-17|archive-date=21 July 2017
}}</ref>
With the formation and activities of [[Kochi rajya prajamandalam|Kochi Rajya prajamandalam]], V.R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan made his own identity in the field of politics.<ref name = "Formation of K_R_P_M">{{cite web
|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/79618/9/09_chapter%202.pdf
|title=FORMATION OF KOCHI RAJYA PRAJAMANDALAM
|publisher=Shodhganga:a reservoir of Indian theses
|access-date=11 January 2018}}</ref><ref name = "വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ അന്തരിച്ചു"/>

===The formation of Kochi Rajya Praja Mandalam===

A group of young people who were displeased with the functioning of political movements in the erstwhile [[Kingdom of Cochin|Kochi state]], In the meeting held on 26 January 1941, under the leadership of Krishnan Ezhuthachan decided to form the [[Kochi rajya prajamandalam|Kochi Rajya prajamandalam]]. 'To end the sovereignty of Cochin king and to form responsible government' that was the main objective of Praja Mandala. On 9 February 1941 Prajamandal formed with V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan as founder general secretary.<ref name="തൃശ്ശൂർ - ചരിത്രം"/><ref name = "സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം @ 70"/>

To help the people of the Kingdom of Cochin from ravages caused due to the flooding in 1941, Prajamandalam formed ''Cochin flood relief committee''. V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan, [[C. Achutha Menon]] were secretaries of it. Ezhuthachan actively worked in this organisation by collecting donations and distributing [[brochure]]s about calamities throughout [[Kingdom of Cochin]].<ref name = "Formation of K_R_P_M"/>

====Cochin karshaka sabha====
[[File:വി. ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛനും ഭാര്യ ലക്ഷ്മി ഭായിയും.jpg|thumb|V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan and his wife Lakshmi bhai]]
With the objective of ending difficulties faced by farmers due to [[Feudalism]] an organisation called ''Cochin karshaka sabha'' formed with V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan as president and [[C. Achutha Menon]] as secretary. [[Brochure]]s about the difficulties of farmers distributed by this organisation. ''Cochin karshaka sabha'' stood for permanent ownership for farmers in their field. Protest by karshaka sabha caused acceptance of ''verumpatta kudiyan bill'' in 13 February 1943 at [[Cochin Legislative Council]]. In 1944, part of the restructuring of the Prajamandalam, [[Communism|Communist]] sympathizers abandoned the membership in Prajamandalam. After this incident ''Cochin karshaka sabha'' divided into two as ''All Cochin Kisan Congress'' with V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan as its leader and ''Cochin Karshaka sabha'' with [[C. Achutha Menon]] as the leader. Later ''All Cochin Kisan Congress'' merged to ''All India Kisan Congress''.<ref name = "Formation of K_R_P_M"/><ref>
{{cite web
| title = MARXIST PRAXIS: COMMUNIST EXPERIENCE IN KERALA: 1957-2011, E.K. SANTHA, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, SIKKIM UNIVERSITY GANGTOK-737102, November 2016
| url = http://14.139.206.50:8080/jspui/bitstream/1/5791/1/EK%20Santha%20Ph.D%20Thesis%202016.pdf
| date = 22 May 2018
| page = 125
}}</ref>

In January 1942 Prajamandalam decided to conduct the first annual meeting at [[Irinjalakuda]]. Diwan A.F.W.Dixon banned it due to the resentment caused towards king by the activities of Prajamandalam and karshaka sabha. As a consequence of the ban, including Ezhuthachan many leaders of Praja Mandala got arrested. Leaders came forward to conduct the meeting arrested from the meeting place by the police send by Diwan. Leaders like [[K. Karunakaran]] arrested by police and
they faced brutal torture in jail.<ref name = "Formation of K_R_P_M"/><ref name = "സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം @ 70"/>

[[Avinissery]] was one of the main weaving centre of [[Thrissur]]. Ezhuthachan actively worked in ''Cochi khadhi grama vyavasaya association'' an organisation to spread the use of khadi. He also worked actively in the formation of khadi weaving centres in [[Thrissur]] and [[Ernakulam]].<ref name = "സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം @ 70">
{{cite news
|title=സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം @ 70
|url=https://www.madhyamam.com/local-news/thrissur/2017/aug/10/310592
|access-date=4 August 2018
|newspaper= Madhyamam online
|date=10 October 2017
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804044638/https://www.madhyamam.com/local-news/thrissur/2017/aug/10/310592
|archive-date=4 August 2018}}
</ref>[[File:With VR Krishnan Ezhuthachan, PP George and A Madhavan.jpg|thumb|right|V.R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan(Third from right), with [[P. P. George]] and [[P. A. Madhavan]] [[Indian National Trade Union Congress|at INTUC meeting]]]]
In connection with [[Quit India movement]] on 5 August 1942 a conference conducted under the leadership of [[Gandhiji]] and [[Nehru]] for All India Congress Committee at [[Bombay]]. Ezhuthachan and S.Neelakanda Iyer attended the conference by representing Praja Mandalam.
As part of [[Quit India movement]] Praja Mandala actively participated in strikes. During that time there was strong ban in functioning of the [[Publishing|press]], Praja Mandala started a newspaper called ''[[Deenabandhu]]'' with V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan as [[Editor-in-chief]].

With the intention of saving people from financial crisis caused due to the [[World War II|second world war]], an organisation called ''gramasevakasamgham'' formed. Ezhuthachan worked as secretary of this organisation in [[Thrissur]]. During the spread of [[Fifth disease|fifth fever]] and [[cholera]] ''gramasevakasamgham'' actively worked to prevent its spread.
[[File:V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan samadhi.jpg|thumb|V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan's samadhi at [[Avinissery]], [[Thrissur]]]]
When prjamandal decided to face election. In 1945 Ezhuthachan unanimously elected to [[Cochin Legislative Council]]. Ezhuthachan was a member of [[Travancore-Cochin|Travancore-Cochin legislative council]] representing [[Nemmara]].<ref>
{{cite web
| title = Statistical report on general election, 1951 to the legislative assembly of Travancore - Cochin
| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_TRAV-COCH.pdf
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171116104033/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_TRAV-COCH.pdf
| archive-date= 16 November 2017
}}</ref><ref name = "Formation of K_R_P_M"/><ref name="V_R_K_C"/><ref name = "വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ അന്തരിച്ചു"/>

Ezhuthachan married Lakshmi Bhai, Daughter of his political mentor and active congress politician [[P. Kumaran Ezhuthachan]].
He died in 2004 at the age of 95 due to age-related diseases.<ref name = "വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ അന്തരിച്ചു"/>

In 2009 as a part of V.R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan Janmashadabdhi celebration [[M.P. Veerendra Kumar]] received ''V.R. Krishananezhuthachan Janmashadabdhi award''.<ref>
{{cite news
|title=Minister calls for schemes to promote khadi
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Minister-calls-for-schemes-to-promote-khadi/article16596044.ece
|access-date=17 February 2018
|newspaper= The Hindu online
|date=14 May 2009
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217092753/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Minister-calls-for-schemes-to-promote-khadi/article16596044.ece
|archive-date=17 February 2018}}
</ref>
Ezhuthachan gave leadership to a caste based organisation called ''[[Ezhuthachan (caste)|Ezhuthachan samajam]]'' due to the honor towards his activities the law college started by ''[[Ezhuthachan (caste)|Ezhuthachan samajam]]'' entitled his name.<ref>
{{cite news
|title=Palakkad gets its first law college
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/palakkad-gets-its-first-law-college/article6487350.ece
|access-date=17 February 2018
|newspaper= The Hindu online
|date=13 May 2004
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217093402/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/palakkad-gets-its-first-law-college/article6487350.ece
|archive-date=17 February 2018}}
</ref>

==Recognition's==
The nation honored Ezhuthachan with ''Thamarapathra'' for his excellent service in [[Indian independence movement]]. Other major awards are [[University of Madras]] award for the study ''Gramoddharanam'' in the year 1931. ''sadanandan'' award and ''[[Kizhekethil Chandy|Prof. K. M. Chandy]]'' award for the contributions in the field of [[Cooperative movement in India]]. ''Swathanthra kanakopaharam'' by Kerala press foundation. ''Ramasrama'' award for excellent service in social and literature fields. Thissur ''Sahrudaya vedhi'' award, ''Tomyas'' award.<ref name="Guruvison"/>

==In Literature field==
Ezhuthachan has contributions in the field of [[literature]] also, he was a poet. He received [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]] award for his autobiography ''[[:ml:വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ: ആത്മകഥ|V.R.Krishnan Ezhuthachan: aathmakadha]]'' in the year of 2000.<ref>http://www.mathrubhumi.com/books/awards.php?award=13</ref><ref name="test1">[http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/ml_aw6.htm
Works that won [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]] award for Biography/Autobiography.</ref>

===Other works===
* ''Gramoddhaaranam''
* ''Aashayaanjali''
* ''Gandhi Jinna Kathukal''(Translation)
* ''Vishwacharithraavalokanam''(Translation of [[Glimpses of World History]] by [[Jawaharlal Nehru]])
* ''Indiayile vargeeya thrikonam''(Translation of Ashok metha's ''Communal triangle'')
* ''Kochikkoru abhivruddhi paddhathi''
* ''Niyamasabhaprasangangal''(Compilation of Krishnan Ezhuthachan's speeches in legislative assembly)
In addition to this Ezhuthachan was co-author for a book named ''Kochi rajya charithram'' about the history of [[Kingdom of Cochin]].<ref name="Guruvison"/><ref>{{cite web
| title = Keralaliterature.com/കൃഷ്ണൻ എഴുത്തച്ഛൻ വി.ആർ.
| url = http://keralaliterature.com/malayalam-writers-മലയാളം-എഴുത്തുകാർ/krishnan-ezhuthachan-v-r-കൃഷ്ണൻ-എഴുത്തച്ഛന്/
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180621030401/http://keralaliterature.com/malayalam-writers-%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%82-%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8D/krishnan-ezhuthachan-v-r-%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8D-%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9B%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D/
| archive-date= 21 June 2018
}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*[http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/79618/9/09_chapter%202.pdf Formation of Kochi Rajya Prajamandalam]
*[[:ml:വി.ആർ. കൃഷ്ണനെഴുത്തച്ഛൻ: ആത്മകഥ|V.R Krishnanezhuthachan aathmakadha]]
*guruviṣan: caritra, sanskārika, māsika(vi. ār. kr̥ṣṇan eḻuttacchan speṣyal patipp) ഗുരുവിഷൻ: ചരിത്ര, സംസ്കാരിക, മാസിക(വി. ആർ. കൃഷ്ണൻ എഴുത്തച്ഛൻ സ്പെഷ്യൽ പതിപ്പ്), Thrissur: K. Sasidharan. 31 March 2018.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ezhuthachan, V. R. Krishnan}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:2004 deaths]]
[[Category:Malayali politicians]]
[[Category:Politicians from Thrissur]]
[[Category:Journalists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Trade unionists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:Vailoppilli Sreedhara Menon Memorial Government Vocational Higher Secondary School alumni]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]

V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

->SdkbBot: /* top */Removed overlinked country wikilink and general fixes (task 2)

>Arjun Madathiparambil Muraleedharan at 16:40, 13 May 2021