V. R. Athavale - Revision history

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	'''Vinayak Ramchandra Athavale''' ([[Marathi language\|marathi]]: विनायक रामचंद्र आठवले) (1918 - 2011), better known as '''V. R. Athavale''' or '''Vi. Ra. Athavale''', was a [[Hindustani classical music\|Hindustani classical]] [[vocalist]] and one of the foremost Hindustani classical [[musicologist~~\|musicologists~~]] of the 20th Century, alongside [[Vamanrao Deshpande]] and [[Sharadchandra Arolkar]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/musicians-lead-akademic-laureates/\|title=Musicians lead Academic laureates - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni\|publisher=}}</ref> He composed using the [[Mudra (music)\|pen name]] '''"Naad Piya"'''. He is known for his critique of traditional ideas and modern aesthetics. He was trained primarily by [[Vinayakrao Patwardhan]] and [[Vilayat Hussain Khan]] and is considered a representative of [[Gwalior gharana\|Gwalior]]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/gwalior-gharana-one-of-the-ancient-one/article21290240.ece\|title=The capital of Hindustani music: examining the Gwalior Gharana\|first=Jyoti\|last=Nair\|date=7 December 2017\|publisher=\|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> and [[Agra gharana\|Agra]] traditions.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Mukherji \|first1=Kumar Prasad \|title=The Lost world of Hindustani Music \|date=2006 \|publisher=Penguin Books \|location=India \|page=173}}</ref>		'''Vinayak Ramchandra Athavale''' ([[Marathi language\|marathi]]: विनायक रामचंद्र आठवले) (1918 - 2011), better known as '''V. R. Athavale''' or '''Vi. Ra. Athavale''', was a [[Hindustani classical music\|Hindustani classical]] [[vocalist]] and one of the foremost Hindustani classical [[musicologist]]s of the 20th Century, alongside [[Vamanrao Deshpande]] and [[Sharadchandra Arolkar]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/musicians-lead-akademic-laureates/\|title=Musicians lead Academic laureates - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni\|publisher=}}</ref> He composed using the [[Mudra (music)\|pen name]] '''"Naad Piya"'''. He is known for his critique of traditional ideas and modern aesthetics. He was trained primarily by [[Vinayakrao Patwardhan]] and [[Vilayat Hussain Khan]] and is considered a representative of [[Gwalior gharana\|Gwalior]]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/gwalior-gharana-one-of-the-ancient-one/article21290240.ece\|title=The capital of Hindustani music: examining the Gwalior Gharana\|first=Jyoti\|last=Nair\|date=7 December 2017\|publisher=\|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> and [[Agra gharana\|Agra]] traditions.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Mukherji \|first1=Kumar Prasad \|title=The Lost world of Hindustani Music \|date=2006 \|publisher=Penguin Books \|location=India \|page=173}}</ref>

	==Early life and background==		==Early life and background==
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	{{quote\|"Indulging in very fast singing or playing is always appealing to primitive human instincts... However, such excesses, specially in vocal music, are really exercises in futility."\|		{{quote\|"Indulging in very fast singing or playing is always appealing to primitive human instincts... However, such excesses, specially in vocal music, are really exercises in futility."\|
	V. R. Athavale<ref>{{Citation\|last =Nadkarni \|first =Mohan \|title =The Great Masters: Profiles in Hindustani Classical Vocal Music\|publisher =Rupa & Co. \|pages = ~~398-404~~\|year =1999}}</ref>}}		V. R. Athavale<ref>{{Citation\|last =Nadkarni \|first =Mohan \|title =The Great Masters: Profiles in Hindustani Classical Vocal Music\|publisher =Rupa & Co. \|pages = 398–404\|year =1999}}</ref>}}

	===Gharanas===		===Gharanas===
	Athavale questioned the legitimacy of gharanas and argued that their salient features were defined by [[alap]], bol, and [[taan]], not merely [[swara]] and [[wikt:laya#Noun\|laya]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/new-dimension-to-gharana-ideology/\|title=New dimension to ~~“Gharana”~~ ideology - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni\|publisher=}}</ref>		Athavale questioned the legitimacy of gharanas and argued that their salient features were defined by [[alap]], bol, and [[taan]], not merely [[swara]] and [[wikt:laya#Noun\|laya]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/new-dimension-to-gharana-ideology/\|title=New dimension to "Gharana" ideology - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni\|publisher=}}</ref>

	===Classicism===		===Classicism===
	Athavale believed classicism and romanticism (as opposed to imitation) were codependent and necessary for the preservation and enrichment of Hindustani classical music.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/parampara-sammelan/\|title=~~“Parampara”~~ Sammelan - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni\|publisher=}}</ref>		Athavale believed classicism and romanticism (as opposed to imitation) were codependent and necessary for the preservation and enrichment of Hindustani classical music.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/parampara-sammelan/\|title="Parampara" Sammelan - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni\|publisher=}}</ref>

	===Institutions===		===Institutions===
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{{Short description|Indian Classical Singer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox musical artist
|name = V. R. Athavale
|image =
|caption =
|image_size =
|background = solo_singer
|birth_name = Vinayak Ramchandra Athavale
|alias = V. R. Athavale, Vi. Ra. Athavale, Naad Piya.
| birth_place = Bhor Maharashtra
| birth_date = {{Birth date |df=yes|1918|12|20|}}
| death_place = Vile Parle, Mumbai
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2011|8|11|1918|12|20}}
|origin = [[Vile Parle, Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
|genre = [[Hindustani classical music]]
|occupation = [[Hindustani classical music|Hindustani classical vocalist]], [[Musicology|Musicologist]]
|years_active = 1940–2011
|label =
|website =
}}
'''Vinayak Ramchandra Athavale''' ([[Marathi language|marathi]]: विनायक रामचंद्र आठवले) (1918 - 2011), better known as '''V. R. Athavale''' or '''Vi. Ra. Athavale''', was a [[Hindustani classical music|Hindustani classical]] [[vocalist]] and one of the foremost Hindustani classical [[musicologist|musicologists]] of the 20th Century, alongside [[Vamanrao Deshpande]] and [[Sharadchandra Arolkar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/musicians-lead-akademic-laureates/|title=Musicians lead Academic laureates - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni|publisher=}}</ref> He composed using the [[Mudra (music)|pen name]] '''"Naad Piya"'''. He is known for his critique of traditional ideas and modern aesthetics. He was trained primarily by [[Vinayakrao Patwardhan]] and [[Vilayat Hussain Khan]] and is considered a representative of [[Gwalior gharana|Gwalior]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/gwalior-gharana-one-of-the-ancient-one/article21290240.ece|title=The capital of Hindustani music: examining the Gwalior Gharana|first=Jyoti|last=Nair|date=7 December 2017|publisher=|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> and [[Agra gharana|Agra]] traditions.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mukherji |first1=Kumar Prasad |title=The Lost world of Hindustani Music |date=2006 |publisher=Penguin Books |location=India |page=173}}</ref>

==Early life and background==
Athavale's father, R. B. Athavale, was a leading professor of Sanskrit. He grew up in an environment of scholarship with a love for art, literature, and culture. He developed a background in [[Sanskrit literature]] and ancient Indian culture.

Graduating in 1939 with a degree in chemistry and physics, Athavale began learning music at the age of 21. He became involved in the [[Indian independence movement|freedom movement]] of 1942 and went underground for some time. Athavale was deeply influenced by political thinkers like [[Pandurang Sadashiv Sane|Sane]], [[Acharya Bhagwat|Bhagwat]], and [[Mahatma Gandhi|Gandhi]] and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar.
He also worked in All India Radio of Jaipur, Delhi and Baroda as a Producer.

==Musical Training==
He became [[Vinayakrao Patwardhan|Vinayakrao Patwardhan's]] disciple and later, with permission, learned from [[Vilayat Hussain Khan]]. Figures like [[Gajananrao Joshi]], [[Nivruttibuwa Sarnaik]], and [[D. V. Paluskar]] were "guiding lights" to Athavale throughout his association with them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baithak.org/exhibitions/nivritti-naad/5/|title=Nivritti Naad – Page 5 – Baithak Foundation|publisher=}}</ref> He also studied with [[Ramkrishnabuwa Vaze]].

==Career & Research==
Athavale studied [[aesthetics]], [[bandish]], [[gharana]], history, [[thumri]], [[naad]], philosophy, and [[bhaav]] during his career. He wrote in Gujarati, Marathi, and Hindi primarily.<ref>http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/58924/10/10_chapter%205.pdf</ref> Criticizing the subjectivity of aesthetics, he argued against musical ideology and advocated for natural expression.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/the-gurjari-touch-in-hindustani-sangit/|title=The Gurjari Touch in Hindustani Sangeet - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni|publisher=}}</ref>
Post independence, while he was working As a music producer in AIR Delhi, he was asked to compose “Vande Mataram” again. He then composed it in Raga Desh and the same had been broadcast on January 26, 1950 all over India. Later, the same composition in Raga Desh has been widely accepted.
When he was asked being not getting any credit for this, he humbly said “ It was a part of my job”.

===Aesthetics===
Athavale advocated for natural voice production and cultivating a sense of beauty. Speaking on the "sahitya of singing," he said:

{{quote|"Indulging in very fast singing or playing is always appealing to primitive human instincts... However, such excesses, specially in vocal music, are really exercises in futility."|
V. R. Athavale<ref>{{Citation|last =Nadkarni |first =Mohan |title =The Great Masters: Profiles in Hindustani Classical Vocal Music|publisher =Rupa & Co. |pages = 398-404|year =1999}}</ref>}}

===Gharanas===
Athavale questioned the legitimacy of gharanas and argued that their salient features were defined by [[alap]], bol, and [[taan]], not merely [[swara]] and [[wikt:laya#Noun|laya]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/new-dimension-to-gharana-ideology/|title=New dimension to “Gharana” ideology - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni|publisher=}}</ref>

===Classicism===
Athavale believed classicism and romanticism (as opposed to imitation) were codependent and necessary for the preservation and enrichment of Hindustani classical music.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/parampara-sammelan/|title=“Parampara” Sammelan - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni|publisher=}}</ref>

===Institutions===
Athavale worked as a producer for [[All India Radio]] for many years. He was a trustee of [[Akhil Bharatiya Gandharva Mahavidyalaya]] in [[Miraj]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.swarganga.org/artist_details.php?id=661|title=Artist - V R Athavale (Vocal), Gharana - Agra|website=www.swarganga.org}}</ref> served as the Director of the In the 1980s, he served as the Director of the Hindustani faculty at [[Kala Academy|Goa Kala Akademi]] in [[Panjim]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parrikar.org/vpl/?page_id=172|title=V.R. Athavale|publisher=}}</ref> He was also head of the music department at [[SNDT Women's University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUlvjEXjM_g|title=Naadpiya : Pt.V.R.Athavale|first=|last=Shama Joshi|date=20 December 2018|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref> He founded the Akhil Bharatiya Mahavidyalaya in [[Vashi]].

==Disciples==
Several of Athavale's disciples went on to become major performers and scholars. These include [[Shobha Abhyankar]], [[Shanno Khurana]], Sudhir Pote, Nisha Nigalye-Parasnis,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mohannadkarni.org/nisha-nigalye-excels/|title=Nisha Nigalye excels - The writings of Mohan Nadkarni|publisher=}}</ref> Sandhya Kathavate, and Bireshvar Gautam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/09/23/stories/2005092302460300.htm|website=[[The Hindu]]|date=2005-09-23|title=Entertainment Delhi / Music : Upon the sands of time}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/magazine/859573/shanno-khurana-is-a-trailblazing-icon-of-classical-music-why-havent-more-indians-heard-of-her|title=Shanno Khurana is a trailblazing icon of classical music. Why haven’t more Indians heard of her?|first=Malini|last=Nair|website=Scroll.in}}</ref>

==Publications==
* "Vishnu Digambar Paluskar"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.warrensenders.com/journal/v-r-athavale/|title=V. R. Athavale « Running Gamak: Warren Senders' Blog|first1=Meta Register Log in Entries RSS Comments RSS|last1=WordPress.org|first2=|last2=Register|first3=Log|last3=in|first4=Entries|last4=RSS|first5=Comments|last5=RSS|first6=|last6=WordPress.org|first7=|last7=SiteMeter|first8=Brighter|last8=Planet|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Athavale |first1=Vinayak Ramchandra |title=Pandit Vishnu Digambar |date=1967 |publisher=National Book Trust |pages=55}}</ref>
* "Raag Vaibhav"
* "Naad Piya"
* "Naad Chintan"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sanskarprakashanmusic.com/?products=naadchintan|title=NaadChintan|publisher=}}</ref>
* "Naad Vaibhav"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.majesticreaders.com/book//nadvaibhav|title=Buy Nadvaibhav V.R.Athavle नादवैभव|website=www.majesticreaders.com}}</ref>

==Discography==
* 1988 - ''"Compositions In Rare Ragas"'' (Sushree Records). Raags Gandhari Todi, Jogia Asavari, Sindhura Asavari, Sarpada Bilawal, Kakubh Bilawal, Jait, Jait Kalyan, Gauri (Bhairav Ang), Lalita Gauri (Bhairav Ang), Dhaani, Rageshri Bahar. Featuring Milind Raimani (tabla).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://api.discogs.com/artists/6302858|title=V. R. Athavale|website=Discogs}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/Pandt-V-R-Athvale-Compositions-In-Rare-Ragas/release/11559893|title=Pandt V. R. Athvale* - Compositions In Rare Ragas|website=Discogs}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Athavale, Vinayak Ramchandra}}
[[Category:1918 births|Athavale, Vinayak Ramchandra]]
[[Category:2011 deaths|Athavale, Vinayak Ramchandra]]
[[Category:Hindustani singers]]
[[Category:Gwalior gharana]]
[[Category:Agra gharana]]
[[Category:Indian male classical singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:Singers from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:20th-century male singers]]

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