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{{for|other people named ''Krishnaswami''|Krishnaswami}}

'''Venkatarama Iyer Krishnaswamy Iyer''' (15 June 1863 – 28 December 1911) was an Indian lawyer and High Court judge of [[Madras]].<ref>{{cite news|title=The Saga of a 'Mahapurusha' – I|date=25 June 2009|author=V. Sundaram|work=News Today|url=http://www.newstodaynet.com/col.php?section=20&catid=33&id=17742}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Saga of a 'Mahapurusha' – II|date=26 June 2009|author=V. Sundaram|work=News Today|url=http://www.newstodaynet.com/col.php?section=20&id=17761&catid=33}}</ref> He was involved in the [[prosecution]] of a partner of the British banking Company [[Arbuthnot & Co]] after the bank crashed on 22 October 1906. Following the crash, Iyer gathered together eight Indians who started a bank funded by Chettiar Capital which later became the [[Indian Bank]]. He is the first Indian to have a beach-fronted statue when a statue of his was put up outside the Senate House. [[University of Madras|Madras University]] in 1912.<ref>{{cite web|last=V|first=Sriram|title=Hundred years of a statue|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/article3274235.ece|work=News Article|publisher=The Hindu|access-date=4 April 2012}}</ref>

== Early life and education==

Krishnaswany Iyer was born on 15 June 1863 in [[Thiruvidaimarudur]], [[Thanjavur district]], the second of four sons of Venkatarama Iyer who was a District Munsiff and his wife Sundari. Sundari died when Krishnaswamy was young and his father Venkatarama Iyer married again.

Krishnaswamy Iyer was educated at [[Thiruvidaimarudur]] and S. P. G. High School, [[Thanjavur]] where he was a classmate of [[P. S. Sivaswami Iyer]]. Krishnaswamy graduated from Government College, [[Kumbakonam]] and [[Presidency College, Madras]], and obtained a law degree from [[Madras Law College]].

== Early career ==

Krishnaswamy Iyer began practicing as a lawyer in 1885. He did not do well, initially, but in 1888, when S. Ramaswamy Aiyengar, a prominent lawyer, on his appointment as District Munsiff, handed over his brief to Krishnaswamy, Krishnaswamy got the break he desired much. Krishnaswamy's rise was then, meteoric. He was elected Secretary of the Vakil's Association and in 1891, founded the [[Madras Law Journal]] with another lawyer, P. R. Sundaram Aiyar.

== The Arbuthnot Bank crash ==
Krishnaswami became known when he was the contending advocate in the Arbuthnot bank case. In 1906, this popular bank crashed and depositors lost huge sums. Krishnaswami played a role in ensuring that the principal partner was imprisoned. The event led to his assisting in setting up the Indian Bank.

== Other activities ==
Krishnaswami founded Venkataramana Dispensary and Ayurvedic College on Kutchery Road in 1905 to promote indigenous forms of medicinal treatment. A year later, he started the [[Madras Sanskrit College]]. He suggested that students be given free boarding and lodging and even paid a stipend to sustain their families and that teachers be given free accommodation.

== Freedom movement ==
His involvement in [[public policy|public affairs]] drew him to the [[Indian National Congress|Congress party]]. He was instrumental in bringing together the moderate and extremist factions of the Congress Party at the 1908 session in Madras. This act of Krishnaswami was greatly appreciated by [[Gopal Krishna Gokhale|Gokhale]].

Krishnaswami became a judge of the [[Madras High Court]] in 1909 at a time when he was admired in political circles. Some saw him as an impatient man keen to clear all arrears. He was judge for a mere 15 months and then became a member of the Executive Council of the Governor of Madras, a top-ranking post, offered to him by the British.

He was responsible for introducing a number of educational reforms in the [[University of Madras]]. He also took the responsibility of funding [[Swami Vivekananda]]'s trip to Chicago in 1893. During the minority of the [[Kanchi Paramacharya|Shankaracharya of Kanchi]], he intervened personally to see to it that control of the Math did not fall into wrong hands.

== Honours ==

In 1909, Krishnaswamy Iyer was elected to the [[Madras Legislative Council]] representing the Madras University. He was appointed a judge of the Madras High Court by the then [[Governor of Madras]], Arthur Lawley, in 1909. The very same year, Krishnaswamy was awarded the [[Kaisar-I-Hind Medal|Kaiser-I-Hind gold medal]] for his philanthropic activities. In 1911, he was appointed member of the Executive Council of the Governor of Madras.

V. Krishnaswamy Iyer Street, a prominent street in [[Mylapore]], Chennai is named after Krishnaswamy.

== Death ==
Krishnaswamy Iyer died in Madras, on 28 December 1911 at the age of 48.

== Family==

Krishnaswamy Iyer was married to Balambal. The couple had two sons, K. Balasubramania Aiyar and K. Chandrasekaran and four daughters, K. Balasindari Ammal, K. Savithri Ammal, K. Subbulakshmi Ammal and K. Saraswati Ammal. Two of his daughters even though they have very little schooling, Savithri Ammal and Saraswati Ammal themselves later blossomed into writers in Tamil and English.

Balasubramania Iyer was a director of the Indian Bank. He and Chandrasekhar Iyer were both successively secretaries of the Madras Sanskrit College and made it grow into a great organization. Balasubramania iyer was an MLC in Tamil Nadu and was also a member of the syndicate of Madras University. Chandrasekhara Iyer was a co-founder and vice president of the Music Academy.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Krishnaswamy, V}}
[[Category:19th-century Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:1863 births]]
[[Category:1911 deaths]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal]]
[[Category:Presidency College, Chennai alumni]]
[[Category:People from Thanjavur district]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]

V. Krishnaswamy Iyer - Revision history

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