NydiaTalley110: corrected section to improve readability to improve readability

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corrected section to improve readability to improve readability

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox temple
| name = Uyyakondan Thirumalai Temple
| image = Uyyakondan8.jpg

| alt =
| caption =
| map_type = 
| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu
| coordinates = {{coord|10|48|57|N|78|39|33|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| country = India
| state = Tamil Nadu
| district = [[Tiruchirapalli District|Tiruchirapalli]]
| location = Tiruchirapalli
| elevation_m =
| deity = Ujjevanathar, Anjanakshi Amman<ref name="trichy"/>

| Direction_posture =
| Pushakarani =
| Vimanam =
| Poets =
| Prathyaksham =
| festivals=
| architecture = [[Dravidian architecture]]
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| creator = Chola kings
| website =
}}
'''Uyyakondan Thirumalai Temple''' (also called '''Ujeevanathar temple''', '''Karkudimalai''' or '''Thirumalainallur'''<ref>Sewel 1882, p. 269</ref>)) is a [[Hindu temple]] dedicated to the deity [[Shiva]], located on the banks of Uyyakondan river, [[Trichy]], in the [[South India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. Shiva is worshipped as Uyyakondan, and is represented by the ''[[lingam]]''. His consort [[Parvati]] is depicted as Anjanakshi Amman. The presiding deity is revered in the 7th century Tamil Saiva canonical work, the ''[[Tevaram]]'', written by Tamil saint poets known as the [[Nayanars]] and classified as ''[[Paadal Petra Sthalam]]''.

The temple complex covers four acres, constructed on a hillock {{convert|30|m|ft|abbr=on}}. The temple has a number of shrines, with those of Uyyakondar and his consorts Maivizhi and Kanniyumaiyal, being the most prominent. All the shrines of the temple are enclosed in large concentric rectangular granite walls. The temple is approached by a flight of steps from the basement that houses the temple tank.

The temple has four daily rituals at various times from 6:00 a.m. to 8:30 p.m., and four yearly festivals on its calendar. The Brahmotsavam festival is celebrated during the day of the Magam (February - March) is the most prominent festival.

The original complex is believed to have been built by [[Cholas]]. In modern times, the temple is maintained and administered by the [[Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department]] of the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]. The temple has inscriptions from the [[Chola]] period.<ref name="gaz341"/>

==Legend==
A Sri Lankan king is believed to have been blessed by the deity here.<ref name="Ayyar71">[[#Ayyar|Ayyar 1991]], p. 247</ref>

==Architecture==
[[File:Karkkudi ucchinathar temple.jpg|left|100x150px|thumb|[[Gopuram|Main gopura]]]]
The temple is located in Uyyakondanmalai, a village on the outskirts of [[Trichy]] in the South Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]] on the Trichy - Vayalur road. The temple is counted as one of the temples built on the banks of [[River Kaveri]].<ref name=Ka>{{cite book|title=River cauvery the most battl(r)ed|last=Ka. Vi.|first=Kannan|page=29|publisher=Notion Press|year=2019|isbn=9781684666041|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CGFDwAAQBAJ&q=thiruvavaduthurai}}</ref> The temple is located on a rock about {{convert|30|m|ft}} tall and is surrounded by granite walls.<ref name="gaz341"/> The temple is reached by a flight of steps. The shrine of [[Vinayagar]] is located in a cut in the first ten steps and the other shrines are located on the hillock. The whole temple is fortified and the temple tank is located inside the fortification.<ref name="gaz341"/> The temple is built in Sembian age of Cholas around 950 CE.<ref name="Dehejia">[[#Dehejia|Dehejia 1990]], p. 101</ref> The main deity of the temple faces western direction.<ref name="trichy">{{cite web|title=Tourist Places|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2001|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/trichytourism/other.htm}}</ref> There are two shrines of Goddess in the temple.<ref name="trichy"/>

==History==
The temple has inscriptions dating from [[Kulothunga Chola I]] (1070–1118 CE), that speaks of a separate community known as Rathakarar, a sect of expert carpenter skilled in the art of designing and making temple cars.<ref>[[#A.|A. 1987]], p. 36</ref> The temple was occupied by French and English forces during the siege of Trichonopoly (old Tiruchirapalli) in 1753-54.<ref name="gaz341"/> After the war battle of Sugar-loaf rock, English Major Lawrence marched against the fortified temple and carried it by assault.<ref name="gaz341">[[#Madras|Madras 1907]], pp. 341–342</ref>

==Religious importance==
The presiding deity is believed to have been worshipped by [[Narada]], [[Markandeya]], Karan and [[Arunagirinathar]].<ref name="ka" /> The temple is revered in the 7th–8th century Saivite canonical literature, ''[[Tevaram]]'', by all the three poets, namely, [[Appar]], [[Campantar]] and [[Cuntarar]].<ref name="trichy"/>
{{cquote|
வடந்திகழ் மென்முலை யாளைப் பாகம தாக மதித்துத் 
தடந்திரை சேர்புனல் மாதைத் தாழ்சடை வைத்த சதுரர் 
இடந்திகழ் முப்புரி நூலர் துன்பமொ டின்பம தெல்லாங் 
கடந்தவர் காதலில் வாழுங் கற்குடி மாமலை யாரே}}<ref>[[#Campantar|Campantar]], p. 101</ref> Cuntarar describes the feature of the deity as:
{{cquote| விடையா ருங்கொடியாய் வெறியார்மலர்க் கொன்றையினாய் 
படையார் வெண்மழுவா பரமாய பரம்பரனே 
கடியார் பூம்பொழில்சூழ் திருக்கற்குடி மன்னிநின்ற 
அடிகேள் எம்பெருமான் அடியேனையும் அஞ்சலென்னே.}}<ref>[[#Cuntarar|Cuntarar]], p. 49</ref>

==Festivals==
{{multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center
|align=left
|total_width=330
|width1=2448| height1=3264
|width2=2448| height2=3264
|width3=2448| height3=3264
|direction=horizontal
|image1=Uyyakondan9.jpg
|image2=Uyyakondan10.jpg
|image3=Uyyakondan11.jpg
|footer=Images of various pillars in the temple
}}
The temple priests perform the ''[[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]]'' (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. The temple rituals are performed four times a day; ''Kalasanthi'' at 8:00 a.m., ''Uchikalam'' at 12:00 a.m., ''Sayarakshai'' at 6:00 p.m, and ''Arthajamam'' at 9:00 p.m.. Each ritual comprises four steps: ''[[abhisheka]]'' (sacred bath), ''alangaram'' (decoration), ''[[Naivedhya|naivethanam]]'' (food offering) and ''deepa aradanai'' (waving of lamps) for Kachabeswarar and Anjanatchi. There are weekly rituals like ''{{lang|te-Latn|somavaram}}'' (Monday) and ''{{lang|te-Latn|sukravaram}}'' (Friday), fortnightly rituals like ''[[pradosha]]m'', and monthly festivals like ''[[amavasya|amavasai]]'' (new moon day), ''kiruthigai'', ''[[pournami (festival)|pournami]]'' (full moon day) and ''sathurthi''. The nine-day Brahmotsavam during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil month]] of ''Masi'' and Shivaratri are the most important festivals of the temple.<ref name=dinamalar>{{cite web|title=Sri Aludayar temple|url=http://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=1523|publisher=[[Dinamalar]]|year=2014|access-date=24 November 2015}}</ref><ref name=R>{{cite book|title=An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY2lZpy.TVA_BOK_0006115|last=R.|first=Dr. Vijayalakshmy|publisher=International Institute of Tamil Studies| location=Chennai|year=2001|edition=1st|pages=174–5}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin|3}}
*{{Citation |last=A. |first=Kuppuswami |title=The Crest Jewel of Divine Dravidian Culture |year=1987 |publisher=Sarma's Sanatorium Press|location=Pudukottai |ref=A.}}.
*{{Citation |last=Ayyar |first=P. V. Jagadisa |title=South Indian shrines: illustrated |year=1991 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location=New Delhi |isbn=81-206-0151-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLSGFW1uZboC&q=uyyakondan&pg=PA533|ref=Ayyar}}.
*{{Citation |last=Dehejia |first=Vidya |title=Art of the imperial Cholas |year=1990 |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=USA |isbn=0-231-07188-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=23F7vTn3hBMC&q=uyyakondan&pg=PA33|ref=Dehejia}}.
* {{cite book|title=Madras district gazetteers, Volume 1|year=1907|last=F.R.|first=Hemingway|publisher=Superintendent, Government Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QztuAAAAMAAJ&q=uyyakondan&pg=PA341|ref=Madras}}
* {{cite web |url=http://projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/pdf/pm0150.pdf|title=Tevaram Of Campantar Cuvamikal Tirumurai 1 - 1 Poems(1-721)|access-date=2012-02-08 |last=Swamigal |first=Campantar |publisher=Projectmadurai.org |ref=Campantar}}
* {{cite web |url=http://projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/pdf/pm0207.pdf|title=Tevaram Of Campantar Cuvamikal Tirumurai 7 - Poems(1-517)|access-date=2012-02-08 |last=Swamigal |first=Cuntaramurthi |publisher=Projectmadurai.org|ref=Cuntarar }}
* {{cite book | title=Lists of the antiquarian remains in the presidency of Madras| last=Sewell| first=Robert | year=1882| publisher=E.Keys, Government Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QztuAAAAMAAJ&q=uyyakondan&pg=PA341}}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Padal Petra Stalam]]
[[Category:Hindu temples in Tiruchirappalli]]
[[Category:Fortified religious buildings and structures]]

Uyyakondan Thirumalai Temple - Revision history

NydiaTalley110: corrected section to improve readability to improve readability

imported>Citation bot: Alter: url. URLs might have been anonymized. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | Linked from User:AManWithNoPlan/sandbox4 | #UCB_webform_linked 858/1038