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{{Short description|Indian Islamic scholar (1922–2011)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Muhammad Usman Ghani Qasmi
| image =
| caption =
| honorific_prefix = Allama, [[Mawlana]]
| office1 = Sheikh al-Hadith of [[Mazahir Uloom|Mazahir Uloom (Waqf)]], Saharanpur
| term_start1 = 1989
| term_end1 = 2011
| predecessor1 =
| module = {{Infobox religious biography
| embed = yes
| religion = Islam
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| school_tradition = [[Deobandi]]
| birth_date = 1922
| birth_name = Muhammad Usman Ghani
| birth_place = Chilmil, [[Munger district]], [[Bihar and Orissa Province]], British India (now in [[Begusarai district]], Bihar, India)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2011|1|13|1922|df=y}}
| death_place = Saharanpur, India
| alma_mater = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| teachers = [[Hussain Ahmed Madani]], [[Ibrahim Balyawi]], [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]], [[Fakhrul Hasan Moradabadi]]
| occupation = Islamic scholar, teacher, author
| notable_works = ''Nasr al-Bari''
}}
}}

'''Muhammad Usman Ghani Qasmi''' (1922–2011) was an Indian [[Islamic scholar]] of the [[Deobandi]] tradition, a teacher, and an author. Born in Chilmil, Begusarai, he completed advanced studies at [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] and served at several seminaries in India, including a long tenure at ''[[Mazahir Uloom|Mazahir Uloom (Waqf)]]'', Saharanpur, from 1989 until his death. He also founded ''Madrasa Husayniyah'' in Chilmil, Begusarai.

== Early life and education ==
Muhammad Usman Ghani Qasmi was born in 1922 (1341 AH) in Chilmil, which was then part of [[Munger district]] in the [[Bihar and Orissa Province]] of British India. The area now falls within [[Begusarai district]], Bihar, India.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dawoodi |first=Safwan Adnan |title=Muʿjam al-Shuyūkh |publisher=Dār al-Nawādir |year=2024 |isbn=9789933547288 |edition=3rd |location=[[Beirut, Lebanon]] |language=ar |trans-title=Biographical Dictionary of Scholars |oclc=1078663050 |page=586}}</ref> He received his early education in local madrasas in Begusarai and later moved to Bangladesh, where he studied at ''Madrasa Ashraf al-Ulum'', [[Bara Katra]], Dhaka.<ref name="Subhani">{{cite book |last1=Subhani Mazahiri |first1=Muhammad Kausar Ali |title=Al-Jauhar Al-Mufid Fi Tahqiq Al-Asanid |trans-title=The Useful Jewel in Verification of Chains of Transmission |url=https://archive.org/details/al-jauhar-al-mufeed-fi-tahqiq-al-asanid |publisher=Jamia Al-Falah Darul Uloom Al-Islamiya |location=Forbesganj, Araria, Bihar |date=December 2021 |language=ur |page=479}}</ref>

Upon returning to India, he continued his studies at ''Madrasa Mu‘iniyah'', Sanha, Begusarai, and then at ''Darul Uloom Imdadiyah'', [[Darbhanga]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Usmani |first=Luqman |url=http://archive.org/details/allamah-uthman-ghani-ba-haythiyat-e-bani-e-madrasah-husainiyyah-chilmil |title=Allamah Usman Ghani ba-haythiyat-e Bani-e Madrasah Husainiyyah, Chilmil |date= |publisher=Maktaba Usmania |year=2024 |edition=First |location=Chilmil, [[Begusarai]] |language=ur |page=30}}</ref> In 1946, he enrolled in [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] for higher studies and graduated in 1950 (1369 AH).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mazahiri |first=Nasiruddin |url=http://archive.org/details/tazkira-hazrat-allama-muhammad-usman-gani-by-mufti-nasiruddin-mazahiri |title=Tazkira Hazrat Allama Muhammad Usman Ghani |date=June 2011 |publisher=Jamia Usmania |edition=First |location=Chilmil, Begusarai |language=ur |page=33}}</ref>{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=479}} His teachers at Deoband included [[Hussain Ahmed Madani]], [[Ibrahim Balyawi]], [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]], and [[Fakhrul Hasan Moradabadi]].{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=479}}

== Career ==
After graduation, Qasmi began teaching in Bangladesh and also assisted his father in trade while engaging in reform work in his locality.<ref name="Luqman" /> In 1955, he was appointed at ''Madrasa Rashidul Uloom'', [[Chatra, Jharkhand|Chatra]], Jharkhand, where he taught ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' and ''[[Jami' al-Tirmidhi|Jami‘ al-Tirmidhi]]''. He later taught at ''Madrasa Husayniyah'', [[Giridih]], and ''Madrasa Husayniyah'', Dighi, [[Bhagalpur]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Usman Ghani |url=https://archive.org/details/amj-islamic-media-nasrul-bari-urdu-sharah-bukhari-01-/page/n4/mode/1up |title=Nasr al-Bari |publisher=Maktaba al-Shaykh |volume=1 |location=[[Karachi]] |pages=5–6 |language=ur |chapter=Sukhanhā-e Guftanī |trans-chapter=Prefatory Remarks |isbn=978-8195733972}}</ref>{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=480}}

In December 1962, he founded ''Madrasa Husayniyah'' in his hometown Chilmil, Begusarai, naming it after his teacher Madani. Construction began in 1972, and he also briefly taught there.{{Sfn|Usmani|2024|pp=24, 26–27}} From 1963 to 1975, he taught at ''Madrasa ‘Aliyah [[Furfura Sharif]]'', Hugli, where he lectured on ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' and ''[[Al-Kashshaaf|Tafsir al-Kashshaf]]''.{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=480}}

In 1983, he joined ''Darul Uloom'' of ''[[Tarapur, Gujarat|Tarapur]]'', Gujarat, where he taught ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' and ''Jami‘ al-Tirmidhi''.{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=480}}<ref name="Luqman" /> After the institutional division of ''[[Mazahir Uloom]]'' in Saharanpur, Qasmi accepted an invitation from Muzaffar Husain Ajrarwi to join ''Mazahir Uloom (Waqf)'' in Shawwal 1409 AH (May 1989). He initially taught the second volume of ''Sahih al-Bukhari'', and later also taught the first volume of ''Sahih al-Bukhari'', the complete ''Sahih Muslim'', and ''[[Sharh Ma'ani al-Athar|Sharh Ma‘ani al-Athar]]''. He continued teaching at the institution for about twenty-two years until his death.{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=480}}<ref name="Luqman" />

=== Spiritual life ===
Qasmi first pledged spiritual allegiance (''[[Bay'ah|bay‘ah]]'') to his teacher [[Hussain Ahmad Madani|Hussain Ahmed Madani]], and later to Muzaffar Husain Ajrarwi, from whom he received ''ijazah'' in 1406 AH (April 1986).{{Sfn|Mazahiri|2011|p=85}}<ref name="Luqman" />

== Literary works ==
Qasmi authored ''Nasr al-Bari'', a 13-volume Urdu commentary on ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'',{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=481}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saifee |first=Aziz-ur-Rehman |last2=Channar |first2=Mahmoodul Hasan |last3=Bano |first3=Bakhtiyar |year=2018 |title=جهود الحنفية حول الجامع الصحيح للإمام البخاري تصنيفاً وتأليفا |trans-title=Academic Contributions of Ahnaf on Saheeh of Imam Bukhari |url=https://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912051011/http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/18 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=September 12, 2023 |journal=Bi-annual Habibia Islamicus |language=ar |location=[[Karachi]] |publisher=Habiba Research Academy |volume=2 |issue=1 |page=69}}</ref><ref name="Qasmi">{{cite journal |last=Qasmi |first=Mohammad Najeeb |author-link=Mohammad Najeeb Qasmi |date=March 2017 |editor-last=Bijnori |editor-first=Muhammad Salman |editor-link=Salman Bijnori |title=Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī aur ʿUlamā’-e Deoband kī ʿAẓīm Khidmāt |trans-title=Sahih al-Bukhari and the Great Scholarly Contributions of the Deobandi Ulama |url=https://darululoom-deoband.com/urduarticles/archives/2549 |journal=[[Monthly Darul Uloom]] |language=ur |publisher=[[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |volume=101 |issue=3|page=16}}</ref> regarded as the first complete Urdu ''[[Exegesis|Sharh]]'' of the book before ''Tuhfat al-Qari'' by [[Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri]].<ref name=":Kaleem">{{Cite thesis |last=Kaleem |first=Mohd |title=ʿIlm al-Ḥadīth mein Fuḍalā’-e Dār al-ʿUlūm Deoband kī Khidmāt|trans-title=Contribution of Old boys of Darul uloom Deoband in Hadith Literature |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2017 |location=India |language=ur |hdl=10603/364028 |type=PhD |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/364028 |access-date=18 October 2025 |archive-date=18 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251018122843/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/364028 |chapter=Bāb-e-Panjum: Fuḍalā’-e Dār al-ʿUlūm Deoband kī Sharūḥāt-i Kutub-i Ḥadīth |trans-chapter=Chapter Five: Commentaries on Hadith Books by the Graduates of Darul Uloom Deoband |url-status=live |pages=349–350}}</ref> The first edition was published by ''Dar al-Ta’lif'', Chilmil, followed by later editions from ''Zakariya Book Depot'', Deoband.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Qasmi |first=Khalid Hussain |author-link=Khalid Hussain Qasmi |date=2024-01-14 |title=Shāriḥ-e-Bukhārī Shaykh al-Ḥadīth ʿAllāmah ʿUthmān Ghanī (raḥimahullāh): Shakhsiyyat wa Khidmāt kā aik Jā’iza |trans-title= |url=https://sailerawan.com/elementor-10175/ |access-date=2025-10-23 |website=Saile Rawan |language=ur}}</ref>

Among his other writings are:{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|pp=480–481}}<ref name="Mukarram">{{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Mukarram al-Hussaini |title=Sawāniḥ wa Tārīkh Fuḍalā’-e Dār al-ʿUlūm Deoband (Zila Begusarai) |publisher=Muslim Fund Trust |year=2024 |edition=First |location=[[Begusarai]] |pages=32–33 |language=ur |trans-title=Biographies and History of the Graduates of Darul Uloom Deoband (Begusarai District)}}</ref><ref name="Luqman" />{{Sfn|Mazahiri|2011|pp=105–115}}
* ''Nasr al-Hayat'' (commentary on ''[[Mishkat al-Masabih]]'')
* ''Dirayat al-Adab'' (on ''Hidayat al-Adab'')
* ''Mir’at'' (on ''Mirqāt'', logic)
* ''Faiz al-Imamain'' (6-volume commentary on ''[[Tafsir al-Jalalayn]]'')
* ''Sharh Sharh ‘Aqa’id Nasafi'' (commentary on ''[[Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya]]'')
* ''Tafhīmat'' (commentary on ''[[Maqamat al-Hariri]]'')
* ''A’inah-yi Huquq''
* ''Hayat-i Shaykh al-Islam''
* ''Guldasta-yi Zawjayn''
* ''Awdah al-Adab''

He also wrote explanatory notes on major hadith and tafsir texts, including ''Nasr al-Mun‘im'' (on ''[[Sahih Muslim]]''), ''al-Taqrir al-Kafi'' (on ''[[Tafsir al-Baydawi]]''), ''Nasr al-Ma‘bud'' (on ''[[Sunan Abi Dawud]]''), and ''Tuhfat al-Bihari'' (on ''Sahih al-Bukhari'').{{Sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=481}}<ref name="Mukarram" /><ref name="Luqman" />{{Sfn|Mazahiri|2011|pp=105–115}}

He maintained a large register of about four hundred pages in which he systematically compiled examination questions on various ''[[Dars-i Nizami|Dars-e-Nizami]]'' texts for use in the semiannual and annual examinations of Islamic seminaries. The register included questions from works such as ''Sahih al-Bukhari'', ''Sahih Muslim'', ''[[Jami' al-Tirmidhi|Jami‘ al-Tirmidhi]]'', ''Sunan Abi Dawud'', ''[[Shama'il al-Muhammadiyya|Shama’il]]'', ''[[Sunan al-Nasa'i|Sunan al-Nasa’i]]'', ''[[Ibn Majah]]'', ''Muwatta Imam Muhammad'', ''[[Muwatta Imam Malik]]'', ''[[al-Hidayah]]'', ''Bidayat al-Mubtadi'', ''[[Al-Durr al-Mukhtar|ad-Durr al-Mukhtar]]'', ''Tafsir al-Baydawi'', ''[[Al-Kashshaaf|Tafsir al-Kashshaf]]'', and many other standard texts of the curriculum.{{Sfn|Mazahiri|2011|pp=114–115}}

=== Academic studies ===
In 2017, Fāiza Bashīr submitted an [[M.Phil]] thesis titled ''Nasr al-Bari Urdu Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari (Allama Uthman Ghani as a Scholar): An Analytical Study'' at the Sheikh Zayed Islamic Centre, [[University of the Punjab]], Lahore. The study focuses on the methodology, structure, and scholarly value of ''Nasr al-Bari'', while also providing an introductory overview of Qasmi’s life and academic contributions in its opening chapters.<ref>{{Cite thesis |type=M.Phil thesis |title=نصر الباری اردو شرح صحیح البخاری (علامہ عثمان غنی): ایک تحقیقی جائزہ |trans-title=Nasr al-Bari Urdu Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari (Allama Usman Ghani as a Scholar): An Analytical Study |last=Bashīr|first=Fāiza |publisher=Sheikh Zayed Islamic Centre, [[University of the Punjab]] |location=Lahore |language=ur |year=2017 |url=https://thesis.asianindexing.com/thesis.php?ari_id=1676730604375 |access-date=23 October 2025}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Qasmi was married twice. His first wife died in 1955; they had three daughters, all of whom passed away during his lifetime. After her death, he married again and had three daughters and one son, Muhammad Imran Qasmi, who is still living. His second wife died two years before him, on 5 Ramadan 1430 AH (27 August 2009).{{Sfn|Mazahiri|2011|pp=116–117}}

== Death ==
Qasmi died on 13 January 2011 (8 Safar 1432 AH). His funeral prayer was led by his son, Muhammad Imran Usmani, at the courtyard of ''Mazahir Uloom (Waqf)'', Saharanpur, and he was buried in the ''Haji Shah Kamaluddin'' graveyard beside his Sheikh Muzaffar Husain Ajrarwi.{{Sfn|Mazahiri|2011|p=98}}<ref name=:"Ba'th">{{cite journal |editor1-last=Azmi|editor1-first=Saeed-ur-Rahman|editor2-last=Nadwi|editor2-first=Wazah Rashid Hasani|editor1-link=Saeed-ur-Rahman Azmi Nadvi|editor2-link=Wazeh Rashid Hasani Nadwi|title=إلى رحمة الله: فضيلة الشيخ عثمان غني شيخ الحديث بمدرسة مظاهر علوم (الوقف)|trans-title=Obituary: Shaykh al-Hadith Uthman Ghani of Mazahir Uloom (al-Waqf) Passed to the Mercy of Allah |url=https://albasulislami.com/books/March-2011.pdf |journal=[[Al-Baas El-Islami]]|date=March 2011| volume=56 |issue=7 |publisher=[[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]|location=Lucknow|pages=98–99|language=ar}}</ref><ref name="Luqman">{{Cite web |last=Usmani |first=Luqman |date=2018-06-14 |title=ʿAllāmah ʿUthmān Ghanī (raḥimahullāh): Ek Gohar-e-Yaktā, Ek Durr-e-Farīd |url=https://mazameen.com/%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81-%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%BA%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%92-%D8%A7%DA%A9-%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%81%D8%B1-%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D8%A7%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C/ |access-date=2025-10-23 |website=mazameen.com |language=ur}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 August 2013 |title=Obituaries |url=https://www.milligazette.com/news/1-community-news/9001-obituaries/ |access-date=2025-10-23 |website=[[The Milli Gazette]] |language=en}}</ref>

[[File:The Inscription on the grave of Maulana Muhammad Usman Ghani Qasmi.jpg|thumb|Inscription on Usman Ghani Qasmi's grave]]

== See also ==
* [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
* [[Mazahir Uloom, Saharanpur]]
* [[List of Deobandis]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Qasmi, Muhammad Usman Ghani}}
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]
[[Category:People from Begusarai district]]
[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:2011 deaths]]
[[Category:Hadith scholars]]

Usman Ghani Qasmi - Revision history

Evan692365: created