imported>Arjayay: Reverted edits by Amy 2599 (talk) to last version by Ifnord

2021-07-16T09:32:31Z

Reverted edits by Amy 2599 (talk) to last version by Ifnord

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Uran
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Nodal Town of Navi Mumbai
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|18.89|N|72.95|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagicon|IND}} [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Raigad district|Raigad]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of cities in India by population|City]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Navi Mumbai]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 308.2
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 21
| population_total = 133,232
| population_as_of = 2020
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = Urankar
| population_footnotes = <ref name=Census2011>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=588858 | title = Maharashtra: Raigarh: Uran: Uran: Uran TOWN | year = 2011 | work = Census of India | publisher = Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India | access-date = 12 March 2015}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Marathi Language|Marathi]], [[Hindi]] and [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 400702
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 022
| registration_plate = MH-46 ([[Navi Mumbai]]'s [[Raigad district]]) and MH-43 (Navi Mumbai's [[Thane district]])
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
[[File:Karanja Village-Uran.jpg|alt=Karanja Village, Uran|thumb|242x242px|Karanaja village when viewed from temple]]
'''Uran''' is a coastal town and part of [[Navi Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra|Maharashtra state]] in [[Konkan division]]. It lies in the [[Raigad district]], east of [[Mumbai]] across the [[Dharamtar]] Creek. Uran is primarily a fishing and agriculture village, which has developed into the special economic zone of Uran. The primary languages spoken are [[Agri language|Agri]] and [[Parkari Koli language|Koli]] which is a dialect of [[Maharashtrian Konkani|Marathi-Kokani]].

==History==
The city name is derived from the [[Hindu deities|Hindu]] goddess Uranavati. It was called '''Uruvan''' during the rule of [[Madhavrao I]], the fourth [[Peshwa]] of the [[Maratha Empire]]. Later, the area was named Uran by the Portuguese and Ooran by the British.<ref name=JourneyMart>{{cite web | url = http://www.journeymart.com/de/india/maharashtra/uran-history.aspx | title = History of Uran | publisher = JourneyMart.com}}</ref>

Many Indian dynasties have ruled the area. In early history, these included the [[Maurya Empire]], [[Sātavāhana Empire]], [[Western Kshatrapas]], [[Vakataka dynasty|Vākāṭaka Empire]], [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukyas]], and [[Seuna (Yadava) dynasty|Yadavas]].<ref name=JourneyMart/><ref>{{Cite book|title=Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|series=Maharashtra State Gazetteers|volume= 27 | number = 1|year=1960|publisher=Gazetteer Department ([[Government of Maharashtra]] | pages=127–150)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Bombay: The Cities Within |last1=Dwivedi |first1=Sharada |author-link1=Sharada Dwivedi |last2=Mehrotra |first2=Rahul |publisher=Eminence Designs |year=2001 |isbn=81-85028-80-X | page = 79}}</ref>

The area around [[Mumbai]], including Uran, was under [[Portuguese India|Portuguese]] and [[British India|British]] rule in the 16th to 19th centuries.<ref name=JourneyMart/>

Uran was subject to the [[List of Maratha dynasties and states|Maratha princely states]] in the [[Maharashtra]]. Uran was once the base of the famous Maratha ''Sarkhel'' (Admiral) [[Kanhoji Angre]],<ref>{{cite book | publisher = Outlook Traveller Getaways | title = Weekend Breaks from Mumbai | page = 413 | year = 2003}}</ref> who battled European naval interests in the 18th century.

==Geography==
Uran is located at {{Coord|18.88|N|72.94|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/16/Uran.html | title = Uran, India Page | publisher = Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. | date = 27 February 2015}}</ref> Uran is at an average elevation of {{convert|21|m|ft}}.

On the tip of a peninsula, Uran district is surrounded by sea on three sides. The town of Uran itself is centrally located on the peninsula, flanked by [[Karanja, Raigad|Karanja village]] to the south and [[Mora, Maharashtra|Mora]] village and port to the north.

Uran is home to extensive [[Salt evaporation pond|salt pans]], part of a long-standing network of salt manufacturing around Mumbai.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://indiatogether.org/saltpan-human-rights | title = KONKAN SALT PANS: Wilful distortion denies salt pan owners justice | date = 3 April 2008 | work = India Together | publisher = Oorvani Media Pvt. Ltd.}}</ref> The land has been under redevelopment pressure.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://infochangeindia.org/agenda/coastal-communities/saltpan-city.html | title = Saltpan city | first = Freny | last = Manecksha | work = Infochange News & Features | date = April 2010}}</ref>

The Uran wetlands were once home to many species of birds and reptiles, some critically endangered. The wetlands were developed in 2009 and 2010, leaving only the [[Panje-Dongri wetlands]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://mangroveactionproject.org/the-map-news-236th-ed-30-april-2010/ | title = The MAP News | work = Mangrove Action Project | publisher = Mangrove Action Project | date = 30 April 2010 | edition = 236}}{{failed verification|date=March 2015}}</ref>
[[File:Dronagiri mandir karanja.jpg|thumb|Dronagiri mandir Karanja]]
[[File:Khopate.jpg|thumb|Khopate Uran]]

==Economy==
[[File:ONGC Oil Platform.jpg|thumb|240px|ONGC Oil and Gas Processing Platform in the [[Bombay High]] oilfield]]
[[File:Jaskhar Fair.jpg|thumb|240px|alt=Jaskhar village fair at night|Jaskhar Fair at night in the month of April]]
The main occupation in Uran is fishing; 80% of the fish production of Mumbai comes from [[fishermen]] based out of the Uran in [[Navi Mumbai]], especially the villages of Karanja and Mora.

The second major occupation is farming. Uran contributes to the production of [[rice]] in the Raigad district. Raigad is the second largest district in terms of rice production in India.

[[Shipping]], [[shipbuilding]], and port support are major economic factors in Uran district. [[Jawaharlal Nehru Port]] (JNPT) is the largest [[container terminal]] in [[India]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://business.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/oct/07/slide-show-1-the-major-ports-of-india.htm | title = The biggest ports of India | work = Rediff Business | publisher = Rediff.com. | date = 8 October 2010 | access-date = 29 July 2013}}</ref> Other container terminals in the Uran district include [[APM Terminals]] (formerly GTI) and [[DP World]] (formerly the British [[Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company]]). Salt pan owners revolted against the government decision to build a seaport,{{when|date=March 2015}} but the port has proved to be the main source of income to residents and nearby villages, as major projects and warehouses have opened nearby.

The [[Indian Navy]] maintains a naval base near Mora. Due to Security reasons sea travel restrictions is imposed by the Indian Navy .

The [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation]] (ONGC) has a plant nearby. GTPS-[[Maharashtra State Electricity Board|MSEB]] is [[Asia]]'s first power plant run by [[natural gas]].

Other industrial and manufacturing employers Grindwell Norton Limited,<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.grindwellnorton.co.in/aboutus.htm | title = About Us | publisher = Grindwell Norton Ltd. | year = 2007 | access-date = 12 March 2015}}</ref> NAD, and the Skols Brewery (closed in 2005<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/sabmiller-shuts-skol-uran-unit-105103101010_1.html | title = SABMiller shuts Skol Uran unit | location = Mumbai | date = 31 October 2005 | work = Business Standard | publisher = Business Standard Ltd.}}</ref>).

==Demographics==
Uran is growing. In the 2001 India [[census]], Uran had a population of 23,254;<ref name="Census2001">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> this had increased by the 2011 census to 30,439.<ref name="Census2011" /> Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. In Uran, 10–11% of the population is 6 years of age or younger.<ref name="Census2011" /><ref name="Census2001" />

Uran's average literacy rate is also rising, from 79% in 2001 to 82% in 2011.<ref name="Census2011" /><ref name="Census2001" /> Female literacy lags behind male literacy: male literacy was 83% in 2001 and 85% in 2011, and female literacy was 75% in 2001 and 79% in 2011.<ref name="Census2011" /><ref name="Census2001" /> India's national literacy average is 59.5%.

Schools in Uran
*Bosco English School, Uran
*U.E.S School, Uran.
*St. Mary's School, Uran.

==Culture==

===Places of worship===
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2019}}
[[File:Ratneshwari Temple-Jaskhar.jpg|thumb|240px|Ratneshwari Temple in Jaskhar village, Uran]]
Uran has many Hindu temples, some of which host annual festivals. Some of the well-known temples are:
*[[Shanteshwari Aai Temple, Navin Sheva]] Uran: Shanteshwari Aai Temple is Very famous in Uran Taluka.It is in Navin Sheva village.
*[[Ratneshwari Aai Temple, Jaskhar]] Uran: Ratneshwari Aai Temple is very famous in Jaskhar Village of Uran Taluka.
Its palkhi is famous in Raigad District.
* [[Bahiridev Temple, Sarde]] Uran:' Shree Bahiridev(Ughad) is Gramdaiwat of all Sarde Village. It is Jagrut Devasthan and it is based on Creek of Sarde which is one of branch of Patalganga Creek.
*[[Shree Raghoba Mandir, Uran Kotnaka]]
Raghoba Mandir Is a holy temple located near Kotnaka, Uran. Shree Raghoba palkhi sohla is very famous in Kotnaka village as well as in Uran also.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
* The Jaskhar Fair that everyone awaits for, comes in the month of April and is so chaotic at times. People from various nearby villages come to worship the god and enjoy their day. Buying the products at bargaining price is what all we do, right?!
* [[Radhakrishna Temple, Sarde]], Uran: Which is based at Radhakrisha ali(Sarde Village hill) A Grand Festival is celebrated on the occasion of Shree Krishna Jayanti. There are huge celebrations in Palakhi occasion.
*Uran-Koliwada is a Hindu Temple Shree Bapujidev Mindir & Jari – Mari Mindir.
*[[Ratneshwari Temple, Jaskhar]], Ratneshwari temple is one of the most Famous & Jagrut Devasthan in Uran city. It is very famous in Maharastra, because the temple is very attractive and it is made fully of marble. Its palkhi is very famous in Raigad District.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
*[[Dronagiri temple]] Karanja it is located in on a hill of Drona Giri and sea-facing.
*Girobadev Temple, Khopta located in East of Karanja & Khopta creek
[[File:"Shradhata Mata Church, Uran, Mar 2013.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Shudhata Mata Church, Uran]]
*Mankeshwar Temple Uran: One of the temples in Uran, located right next to Mankeshwar beach, Kegoan. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, annual festival celebrated here in the month of November.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
* Vinayak Temple Kegoan, Uran: located in Kegoan. Dedicated to Lord Ganesha. Very old temple constructed by Peshwas (recently refurbished).{{when|date=July 2019}} A small Hanuman Temple is directly opposite to the Ganesha Temple. A well and a pond adds to the scenery. History of this temple dates back to 1365 according to sources.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/navi-mumbai/Devotees-still-throng-the-600-yr-old-Uran-temple-for-Maghi-Ganeshotsav/articleshow/50935598.cms | title = Devotees still throng the 600-yr-old Uran temple for Maghi Ganeshotsav | location = Navi Mumbai | date = 11 February 2016 | work = TOI | publisher = TOI Group.}}</ref>
* Dargah of Hazrath Mukim Shah baba, Uran: Located in Uran it is one of the most famous dargah of Uran.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}} It is also a tourist attraction in Uran. Devotees from nearby areas visit this dargah on a large scale.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
* Uran Jama Masjid: Located in Masjid Mohalla area of Uran. It is the biggest mosque in uran.
* Dargah of Hazrat Moinuddin Qadri: Located on Uran–Karanja road.
* Masjid-e-Muhammadia: Located near Rajpal Naka
*Datta Mandir: Located in Nave Popud(also known as Datta wadi) Devotees from the outskirts of Mumbai visit here during datta festival in Uran.

===Other attractions===

Another major tourist attraction in Uran are the three beaches: Pirwadi Beach, Nagav Beach, and Mankeshwar Beach which is frequented by tourists from nearby areas like [[Panvel]] in [[Navi Mumbai]], other parts of [[Navi Mumbai]], and [[Mumbai]]. A distant view of [[South Mumbai]] is visible from here. A local rural beach Kegav Beach is present, which can also be visited by tourists, and tourists do visit this beach too, but mostly it remains isolated. So, in totality, Navi Mumbai's Uran node has four beaches.

Ransai Dam is a destination in Uran. It is located near Dighode Village.

An old military fort named [[Dronagiri]] is located just beside the [[ONGC]] plant on the top of the Dronagiri mountain. This was a [[Maratha]] fort for a short period before passing into possession of the [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], according to the locals. Entry has been banned for security reasons.

Khopate Village: Khopate Village is popular for Dashami Festival which is celebrated on behalf of Saint Gopalkaka Maharaj.

Dronagiri Mandir: A view from the top of the mountain where the temple of Dronagiri Devi is situated.

Bird watching at the Panje-Funde wetlands.

==References==
[https://www.gkinformation.info/2019/11/blog-post_27.html Veer tukaram hari wajekar]{{reflist|30em}}

{{Mumbai metropolitan area}}
{{Raigad district}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Raigad district]]
[[Category:Navi Mumbai]]
[[Category:Talukas in Maharashtra]]

Uran - Revision history

imported>Arjayay: Reverted edits by Amy 2599 (talk) to last version by Ifnord