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{{Short description|A principal adversary of Muhammad (died 624)}}
'''Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt''' ({{lang-ar|عقبة بن أبي معيط|ʿUqbah ibn ʾAbī Muʿayṭ}}) (died 624) was one of the principal adversaries of Islam. He was a Quraysh leader and a member of the Banu 'Abdu Shams clan of [[Quraysh (tribe)|Quraish]] tribe.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}

== Family ==
=== Family lineage ===
‘Uqbah was the son of Abu Mu‘ayṭ ibn Abu ‘Amr ibn Umayyah ibn ‘Abd Shams and of Shayma bint Abd-al-Uzza from the Banu Amir.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}} Abu Mu'ayt's mother was Kabsha bint Abd al-Manat from Banu Amir.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}} Uqbah's aunt, Safiyya bint Abi ‘Amr, married Abu Sufyan.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}

=== Family marriage ===
He married [[Arwa bint Kurayz]], a member of the [[Banu Abd-Shams]] and the widow of ‘Affān ibn Abu al-‘Āṣ, making Uqba the stepfather of the future Caliph [[Uthman]], Abd-Allah and Amina.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}} Uqba and Arwa had six children: [[Walid ibn Uqba|Walid]], [[Umara ibn Uqba|Umara]], Khalid, [[Umm Kulthum bint Uqba|Umm Kulthum]], Umm Hakim and Hind.<ref name="Saad8">Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir Volume 8''. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). ''The Women of Madina''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.</ref>{{rp|161}}

== Role of 'Uqbah in opposing Muhammad ==
Uqbah was one of the neighbors of Muhammad. Yet he assaulted Muhammad verbally and physically as he was preaching monotheism<ref>[[Sahih Bukhari]]: Volume 6, Book 60, Number 339</ref>
He also constantly ridiculed Muhammad when the latter was preaching in [[Mecca]]. On one occasion, when Muhammad was praying in the courtyard of the Ka'ba, Uqba brought the waste of a slaughtered camel (intestines, blood, dung, etc.) upon the suggestion of other Quraysh leaders who were gathered there, and placed it upon Muhammad's back while he was in prostration. They laughed so much so that they fell on each other. He remained in that position due to the weight, unable to lift his head from prostration until his daughter came and removed it.<ref name="auto">[[Sahih Bukhari]]: Volume 1, Book 9, Number 499</ref>

On another occasion, Uqba spat on Muhammad's face at the incitement of his friend Ubay ibn Khalaf and so, a [[Quran]]ic verse {{Quran-usc|25|29}} was revealed at that moment to Muhammad regarding Uqba and Ubay.<ref>[[Ibn Ishaq]], [[Sirat Rasul Allah]] (The Life of Muhammad), [[A. Guillaume]], tr. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980), pp. 164–165.</ref> Uqbah was also one of those enemies of Muhammad who rejoiced at the news of the death of Muhammad's second son 'Abdullah.

Ubayy ibn Khalaf ibn Safwan was a close friend of ‘Uqbah. When Ubayy learned that ‘Uqba had sat and listened to the apostle, he told ‘Uqbah, ‘Do I hear that you have sat with Muhammad and listened to him? I swear I will never see you or speak to you again if you do the same again, or if you do not go and spit in his face.’ ‘Uqba indeed did this so that Allah sent down concerning the pair of them:
“On the day that the sinner bites his hands, saying, would that I had chosen a path with the apostle.” (Sura 25: 27) <ref>The Life of Muḥammad: A Translation of ibn Isḥāq’s Sīrat Rasul Allāh with introduction & notes by Alfred Guillaume, Oxford University Press, 1955, page 164</ref>

== Death ==
According to numerous authentic and trustworthy sources such as a number of narrations in [[Sahih Bukhari]], and [[Ibn Sa'd al-Baghdadi|Ibn Sa'd]]'s biographical compendium, the ''Tabaqat Al-Kubra'', Uqba was killed in the field during the [[Battle of Badr]] and was among those Quraysh leaders whose corpses were buried in a pit.<ref>[[Sahih Bukhari]]: Volume 1, Book 4, Number 241</ref><ref name="auto"/><ref>''Al Tabaqat-al-Kubra'', Muhammad Ibn Sa'd, Volume 2, p.260, ''ghazwatul Badr'', Darul Ihya'it-Turathil-'Arabi, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition, (1996)</ref>
According to Muslim scholar Safiur Rahman al-Mubarakpuri, after the Battle of Badr two captives – Nadr bin Harith and ‘Uqbah ibn Abū Mu‘ayṭ were beheaded by [[Ali]]. Mubarakpuri mentions that this incident about the beheading is also mentioned in the [[Sunan Abu Dawud]] no 2686 and Anwal Ma'bud 3/12.<ref>Mubarakpuri, [https://books.google.com/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&pg=PA129 The Sealed Nectar (Free Version)], p. 129</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Non-Muslims who interacted with Muslims during Muhammad's era]]
* [[Persons related to Qur'anic verses]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Uqba Ibn Abu Muayt}}
[[Category:Sahabah ancestors]]
[[Category:624 deaths]]
[[Category:7th-century executions]]
[[Category:Banu Umayya]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Opponents of Muhammad]]

Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt - Revision history

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