Ak 79 at 23:57, 21 August 2023

2023-08-21T23:57:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:27, 22 August 2023
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	On the last night of the war after [[Duryodhana]]'s death and the [[Kaurava]]'s defeat, [[Ashwathama]] gathered the only other surviving [[Kaurava]] warriors - [[Kritavarma]] and [[Kripacharya]], and attacked the Pandava camp on the 18th night of the [[Kurukshetra war]]. He killed [[Dhrishtadyumna]], [[Shikhandi]], and many other prominent warriors of the Pandava army while they were sleeping.		On the last night of the war after [[Duryodhana]]'s death and the [[Kaurava]]'s defeat, [[Ashwathama]] gathered the only other surviving [[Kaurava]] warriors - [[Kritavarma]] and [[Kripacharya]], and attacked the Pandava camp on the 18th night of the [[Kurukshetra war]]. He killed [[Dhrishtadyumna]], [[Shikhandi]], and many other prominent warriors of the Pandava army while they were sleeping.

	Ashwatthama killed all the ~~five~~ Upapandavas in their ~~sleep~~. In some versions of the story, he believes them to be the five Pandava brothers; in others, he purposefully attacks the Pandavas' [[heir]]s in order to hurt the Pandavas emotionally.		[[Ashwatthama]] killed all the Upapandavas who were awake by then along with [[Shikhandi]] in battle when they came out of their chambers after hearing
			the screams of other soldiers to fight [[Ashwatthama]]. In some versions of the story, he believes them to be the five Pandava brothers due to darkness; in others, he purposefully attacks the Pandavas' [[heir]]s in order to hurt the Pandavas emotionally by destroying their lineage.

	Ashwatthama was eventually cursed by [[Krishna]] for his heinous act of ~~mercilessly killing the young Upapandavas and~~ the ~~in-womb~~ [[Parikshit]], to roam the world ~~forever~~ with incurable bruises and ulcers.		Ashwatthama was eventually cursed by [[Krishna]] for his heinous act of attempting to kill the baby [[Parikshit]] in the womb of Uttara, to roam the world for 3000 years with loneliness, incurable bruises and ulcers.

	In the Jataka tales version of the Mahabharata, Parikshit's mentors included both Sutasoma. Prativindhya, Shrutakarma, and Shatanika at least(who even in Sauptika Parva is shown as wounded not dead) have definite longer lives in Jatakas.		In the Jataka tales version of the Mahabharata, Parikshit's mentors included both Sutasoma. Prativindhya, Shrutakarma, and Shatanika at least(who even in Sauptika Parva is shown as wounded not dead) have definite longer lives in Jatakas.

	Ashwatthama killed the Upapandavas ~~when they were sleeping after~~ their ~~victory over the Kauravas~~.		According to the original Mahabharata epic [[Ashwatthama]] didn't killed the Upapandavas in their sleep instead he killed them in a fair night battle.

	==Citations==		==Citations==

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{{short description|Sons of Pandavas and Draupadi in the Hindu epic Mahabharata}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}

In the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] epic [[Mahabharata]], the '''''Upapandavas''''' ({{IAST3|Upapāṇḍava}}, {{lang-sa|उपपण्डव}}, lit. ''junior Pandavas''), also known as '''''Pandavaputras''''' ({{IAST3|Pāṇḍavaputra}}, {{lang-sa|पाण्डवपुत्र}}, lit. ''sons of Pandavas''), Draupadeyas or '''''Panchakumaras''''' ({{IAST3|Pañcakumāra}}, {{lang-sa|पञ्चकुमार}}, lit. ''five sons'') are the five sons of Queen [[Draupadi]] from each of the five [[Pandavas]]. They are Prativindhya, Sutasoma, Shrutakarma, Shatanika and Shrutasena.<ref>{{cite book |last=Menon |first=Ramesh |title=The Mahabharata : a modern rendering|year=2006|publisher=iUniverse, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=9780595401888}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=this book is a novel|date=April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Mahābhārata|url=https://archive.org/details/mahabharata03buit|url-access=registration|year=1981|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|isbn=9780226846644|edition=Phoenix|editor=van Buitenen, J.A.B. |translator=van Buitenen}}</ref> They fought the battle on the side of the Pandavas, and all were Atirathis as said by [[Bhishma]] but not much is said in the Mahabharata about the brothers.

They had many other brothers from their fathers. 3 of the other brothers took part in the War - [[Abhimanyu]], [[Ghatotkacha]] and [[Iravan]]. All 8 of these brothers perished in the War.

The Upapandavas, along with Abhimanyu, also battled demon king Alambusha, on the 9th day. On the 11th day, they together encountered and defeated by [[Vrishasena]], the son of [[Karna]].

==Prativindhya==

Prativindhya ({{IAST3|Prativindhya}}, {{lang-sa|प्रतविन्ध्य}}, lit. ''shining like the sun'' or ''towards [[Vindhya Range|Vindhya]]'') or Shrutavindhya ({{IAST3|Śrutavindhya}}, {{lang-sa|श्रुतविन्ध्य}}, lit. ''related to the Buddhi''<ref>{{cite book|last=N.V.|first=Thadani|title=The Mystery of the Mahabharata: Vol.4}}</ref>) was son of [[Yudhishthira]] and [[Draupadi]] and was the eldest of the Upapandavas. He had an elder sister, Suthanu.
He was described to be a skilled fighter, known to face troops like "the thunder-wielding Shakra ([[Indra]])".<ref>http://ancientvoice.wikidot.com/mbh:prativindhya</ref>
In the [[Kurukshetra War]], Prativindhya fought [[Shakuni]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BjP7CwAAQBAJ&q=subala+prativindhya+mahabharata&pg=PA349|title=Mahabharata Book Six (Volume 1): Bhishma|date=October 2016|isbn=9781479852123}}</ref> On the 9th day, Prativindhya struck Alambusha unconscious.
On the 14th night, he combatted some of the Kauravas along with Sutasoma. On the 15th day, he stopped Ashwatthama's advance by holding him off long enough . He killed Chitra, the king of Abhisara, on the 16th day.<ref>https://www.facebook.com/MahabharatKiGalatiyan/posts/chitrasena-chitrasena-who-art-thou-chitrasenathe-other-son-of-dhritrashtrachitra/663235267122692/</ref>
He had a son Yaudheya, according to Matsya Purana.<ref><https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/yaudheya</ref>

==Sutasoma==

''{{IAST|Sutasoma}}'' ({{lang-sa|सुतसोम}}, lit ''one who has extracted'' [[soma (drink)|soma]] or ''the one who has the beauty of the moon''<ref>{{cite book|last=N.V.|first=Thadani|title=The Mystery of the Mahabharata: Vol.4}}</ref>) was son of [[Bhima]] and [[Draupadi]], second of the Upapandavas. He excelled in [[Gada (mace)|Mace]] fighting and archery. He combatted the Kaurava prince [[Vikarna]] on the first day of the war. He played a major role in the battle by nearly killing [[Shakuni]]. Sutasoma, on the 12th day, stopped the advance of the mighty Kaurava Vivismati, towards [[Dronacharya]].
He also battled some of the Kauravas on the 14th night, accompanied by his brother Prativindhya.<ref>https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m07/m07165.htm</ref>He played a major role along with Yudhishthira and other Upapandavas in holding off [[Dushasana]] and the other Kauravas on the 15th day.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Mahabharata|isbn=9781451015799|last1=Roy|first1=Pratāp Chandra|date=14 June 2015}}</ref>

==Shatanika==

Shatanika ({{IAST3|Śatānīka}}, {{lang-sa|शतानीक}}, lit. ''he who has hundred troops'') was son of [[Nakula]] and [[Draupadi]]. He was the third of the Upapandavas. He was named after a famous Rajarshi in the [[Kuru Kingdom|Kuru]] [[lineage (anthropology)|lineage]] who had that name and he was considered to be an avatar of [[Visvadevas]]. He is also nominated as a deputy [[commander-in-chief]] of forces under his uncle and teacher [[Dhrishtadyumna]], in charge of Vyuha planning.<ref>{{cite book|last=Parmeshwaranand|first=Swami|title=Encyclopaedic dictionary of Purāṇas|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6F0ZIBIL2ZAC|year=2001|publisher=Sarup & Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788176252263|edition=1st}}</ref> He massacred the army of Kaurava ally Bhutakarma, as well as Bhutakarma.<ref>{{cite book|last=Parmeshwaranand|first=Swami|title=Encyclopaedic dictionary of Purāṇas|year=2001|publisher=Sarup & Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788176252263|edition=1st}}</ref> Shatanika also defeated Kaurava prince Dushkarna on the 6th day.<ref>https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/mahabharata/d/doc118436.html</ref> Shatanika also defeated Jayatsena, Chitrasena and Shrutakarman - 3 Kauravas. Shatanika also killed a prince of [[Kalinga (Mahabharata)|Kalinga]]. Shatanika caused huge destruction of the Kaurava army on the 17th day too.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RWQ-AAAAQBAJ&q=shatanika+bhojas&pg=PT295|title = The Mahabharata: Volume 7|date = June 2015|isbn = 9788184759440}}</ref>

==Shrutasena==

Shrutsena ({{IAST3|Śrutasena}}, lit. ''the commander of the army of celestials'') was son of [[Sahadeva]] and [[Draupadi]] and the fourth of the Upapandavas, like his father he too was very smart and intelligent. In the Chatahurdi analysis of the Mahabharata, he was defeated by Shakuni during the battle; he killed Shala, the younger brother of [[Bhurishravas]] on the 14th day of the war.<ref>{{cite book|last=Parmeshwaranand|first=Swami|title=Encyclopaedic dictionary of Purāṇas|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6F0ZIBIL2ZAC|year=2001|publisher=Sarup & Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788176252263|edition=1st}},</ref> He fought with many other warriors like Dushmanara and Durmukha and defeated them. He also killed the son of Kaurava warrior Devavraddha.<ref>https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/shrutakarma</ref>

==Shrutakarma==

Shrutakarma ({{IAST3|Śrutakarma}}, lit. ''he who is known for his good deeds'') was the son of [[Arjuna]] and [[Draupadi]], <ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ky3GBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT154 | title=The Man Who Was a Woman and Other Queer Tales from Hindu Lore | publisher=Routledge | author=John Dececco, [[Devdutt Pattanaik]] | year=2014 | isbn=9781317766308}}</ref> the youngest of the Upapandavas. His horses were supposed to bear the colour of kingfishers.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=9781451018264}}</ref> He was a capable [[archer]] like his father. He defeated Kamboja ruler [[Sudakshina]] on the first day. He also battled and defeated the Kaurava Jayatsena on the 6th day.<ref>https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/mahabharata/d/doc118436.html</ref> He fought against [[Dushasana]] and [[Ashwathama]] in an archery duel in the battle and gave them a good fight. He killed King Chitrasena, another king of Abhisara, on the 16th day.

==Order of their birth==
[[Draupadi]] had five sons. Their order of birth was not same as that of their fathers, as there is a slight change -

1. Prativindhya- [[Yudhishthira]] and [[Draupadi]]'s son

2. Sutasoma - [[Bhima]] and [[Draupadi]]'s son

3. Shatanika - [[Nakula]] and [[Draupadi]]'s son

4. Shrutasena - [[Sahadeva]] and [[Draupadi]]'s son

5. Shrutakarma - [[Arjuna]] and [[Draupadi]]'s son

This is because, the first 4 children of Draupadi were born during first exile of Arjuna, so, after begotting sons from the first 2 brothers, it is Nakula's turn to enter Draupadi's chambers in Arjuna's absence, and after him, comes Sahadeva. After Arjuna returns from his exile, he fathers his son Shrutakarma, from Draupadi.

==Death==
{{Unreferenced section|date=February 2017}}
[[File:Arastthaman propitiates Śiva before making a night attack on the Pandava camp.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Ashwatthama propitiates Shiva before making a night attack on the Pandava camp]]

On the last night of the war after [[Duryodhana]]'s death and the [[Kaurava]]'s defeat, [[Ashwathama]] gathered the only other surviving [[Kaurava]] warriors - [[Kritavarma]] and [[Kripacharya]], and attacked the Pandava camp on the 18th night of the [[Kurukshetra war]]. He killed [[Dhrishtadyumna]], [[Shikhandi]], and many other prominent warriors of the Pandava army while they were sleeping.

Ashwatthama killed all the five Upapandavas in their sleep. In some versions of the story, he believes them to be the five Pandava brothers; in others, he purposefully attacks the Pandavas' [[heir]]s in order to hurt the Pandavas emotionally.

Ashwatthama was eventually cursed by [[Krishna]] for his heinous act of mercilessly killing the young Upapandavas and the in-womb [[Parikshit]], to roam the world forever with incurable bruises and ulcers.

In the Jataka tales version of the Mahabharata, Parikshit's mentors included both Sutasoma. Prativindhya, Shrutakarma, and Shatanika at least(who even in Sauptika Parva is shown as wounded not dead) have definite longer lives in Jatakas.

Ashwatthama killed the Upapandavas when they were sleeping after their victory over the Kauravas.

==Citations==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Mahabharata}}
{{Hindu Culture and Epics}}

[[Category:Characters in the Mahabharata]]

Upapandavas - Revision history

Ak 79 at 23:57, 21 August 2023

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