Unnao district - Revision history

->Dhtwiki: Reverted good faith edits by Ram Kumar Dikhit (talk): More should be capitalized; and what is source

2021-12-03T15:26:28Z

Reverted good faith edits by Ram Kumar Dikhit (talk): More should be capitalized; and what is source

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:56, 3 December 2021
Line 61:		Line 61:

	==History==		==History==
	Unnao district was created by the British upon their annexation of [[Oudh State]] in February 1856.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite book \|last1=Nevill \|first1=H.R. \|title=Unao: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XI Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh \|date=1903 \|publisher=Government Press \|location=Allahabad \|pages=90, 113–39, 171, 217, 240–1 \|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.113180 \|access-date=7 April 2021}}</ref> Before then, under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], the area was divided between several different districts or [[chakla]]s: [[Purwa]] covered the eastern part, and to the north were [[Rasulabad, Unnao\|Rasulabad]] and [[Safipur]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The pargana of [[Auras, Uttar Pradesh\|Auras]], meanwhile, was part of the chakla of [[Sandila]], and the parganas of [[Baiswara]] were included in the chakla of the same name, whose headquarters were at [[Rae Bareli]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> After the British takeover, the district was originally called "Purwa district" with Purwa as its headquarters.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> This only lasted for a very short period before the headquarters were relocated to Unnao.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>		Unnao district was created by the British upon their annexation of [[Oudh State]] in February 1856.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite book \|last1=Nevill \|first1=H.R. \|title=Unao: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XI Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh \|date=1903 \|publisher=Government Press \|location=Allahabad \|pages=90, 113–39, 171, 217, 240–1 \|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.113180 \|access-date=7 April 2021}}</ref> Before then, under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], the area was divided between several different districts or {{transl\|fa\|[[Chakla (administrative division)\|chakla]]s}}: [[Purwa]] covered the eastern part, and to the north were [[Rasulabad, Unnao\|Rasulabad]] and [[Safipur]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The pargana of [[Auras, Uttar Pradesh\|Auras]], meanwhile, was part of the chakla of [[Sandila]], and the parganas of [[Baiswara]] were included in the chakla of the same name, whose headquarters were at [[Rae Bareli]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> After the British takeover, the district was originally called "Purwa district" with Purwa as its headquarters.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> This only lasted for a very short period before the headquarters were relocated to Unnao.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

	===Early===		===Early===
Line 78:		Line 78:

	===Modern===		===Modern===
	There are few references to this area during the later Mughal period, but they become more numerous during under the Nawabs of Awadh.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The Nawabs originally maintained a strong central authority over the region, with most of the local zamindars submitting to them without putting up a fight, but gradually their authority here diminished, and the local rulers became practically independent.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Under the Nawabi administrative setup, the area covered by today's Unnao district was divided between several districts or ~~[[chakla]]s~~: Purwa, Rasulabad, and Safipur were based here, while Sandila and Baiswara were based outside of the present district but included some of its territory.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>		There are few references to this area during the later Mughal period, but they become more numerous during under the Nawabs of Awadh.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The Nawabs originally maintained a strong central authority over the region, with most of the local zamindars submitting to them without putting up a fight, but gradually their authority here diminished, and the local rulers became practically independent.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Under the Nawabi administrative setup, the area covered by today's Unnao district was divided between several districts or {{transl\|fa\|chaklas}}: Purwa, Rasulabad, and Safipur were based here, while Sandila and Baiswara were based outside of the present district but included some of its territory.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

	When the British annexed Awadh in 1856, they established a new district based at Purwa, but the district headquarters were relocated to Unnao soon after.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Unnao was chosen for its central location, and the Deputy Commissioner had been posted here even during the short time when Purwa was the headquarters.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> At first, the new district was smaller than it is today, with only 13 parganas.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In 1869, however, it became much larger: the 7 parganas of Baiswara (Panhan, Patan, Bihar, Bhagwantnagar, Magrayar, Ghatampur, and Daundia Khera) were transferred into Unnao district (from [[Rae Bareli district]]), where they became part of the tehsil of Purwa.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Also in 1869, the pargana of Auras-Mohan was transferred here from [[Lucknow district]], and Mohan became the seat of a tehsil (replacing [[Nawabganj, Unnao\|Nawabganj]]).<ref name="Gazetteer"/>		When the British annexed Awadh in 1856, they established a new district based at Purwa, but the district headquarters were relocated to Unnao soon after.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Unnao was chosen for its central location, and the Deputy Commissioner had been posted here even during the short time when Purwa was the headquarters.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> At first, the new district was smaller than it is today, with only 13 parganas.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In 1869, however, it became much larger: the 7 parganas of Baiswara (Panhan, Patan, Bihar, Bhagwantnagar, Magrayar, Ghatampur, and Daundia Khera) were transferred into Unnao district (from [[Rae Bareli district]]), where they became part of the tehsil of Purwa.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Also in 1869, the pargana of Auras-Mohan was transferred here from [[Lucknow district]], and Mohan became the seat of a tehsil (replacing [[Nawabganj, Unnao\|Nawabganj]]).<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

2405:201:6007:4A42:74DE:5A6A:E27A:5520 at 19:27, 22 August 2021

2021-08-22T19:27:23Z

New page

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Unnao}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Unnao district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|District of Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = India_Uttar_Pradesh_districts_2012_Unnao.svg
| map_caption = Location of Unnao district in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Unnao
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lucknow division|Lucknow]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Unnao]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = Unnao Bangarmau Hasanganj Safipur Purwa Bighapur
| area_total_km2 = 4,469.2
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011"/>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 3,108,367
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 68.29%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 0.901 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Unnao (Lok Sabha constituency)|Unnao]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = Unnao Bangarmau Purwa Bhagwantnagar Mohan Safipur
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = http://unnao.nic.in/
| official_name =
}}

'''Unnao district''' is a [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|district]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]] state in northern India. The city of [[Unnao]] is the district headquarters. The district is part of [[Lucknow Division]].

As of the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], Unnao district has a population of 3,108,367, making it the 31st-most populous district in Uttar Pradesh.<ref name="Census 2011">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Unnao, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |pages=xiii-xv, 5-11, 14, 19-20, 75, 93, 110, 135, 160, 178, 204, 237, 262, 280, 298, 323, 348, 373, 390, 416, 525-39 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/UPA.html |website=Census 2011 India|access-date=26 June 2021}}</ref> It is a predominantly rural district, with over 80% of the population living in rural areas.<ref name="Census 2011"/>

Unnao District is known as "The Land Of Pen and Sword" (कलम और तलवार की धरती).{{citation needed|date=November 2018}}

==History==
Unnao district was created by the British upon their annexation of [[Oudh State]] in February 1856.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H.R. |title=Unao: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XI Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh |date=1903 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=90, 113–39, 171, 217, 240–1 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.113180 |access-date=7 April 2021}}</ref> Before then, under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], the area was divided between several different districts or [[chakla]]s: [[Purwa]] covered the eastern part, and to the north were [[Rasulabad, Unnao|Rasulabad]] and [[Safipur]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The pargana of [[Auras, Uttar Pradesh|Auras]], meanwhile, was part of the chakla of [[Sandila]], and the parganas of [[Baiswara]] were included in the chakla of the same name, whose headquarters were at [[Rae Bareli]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> After the British takeover, the district was originally called "Purwa district" with Purwa as its headquarters.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> This only lasted for a very short period before the headquarters were relocated to Unnao.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

===Early===
[[Xuanzang]], the Chinese pilgrim to India, stayed at [[Kannauj]] for 3 months in 636 AD. From here he journeyed a distance of about 26 km and reached the city of ''Nafotipokulo'' (Navadevakula) which stood on the eastern bank of Ganga. The city was about 5 km in circumference and had a Deva Temple, several Buddhist monasteries and Stupas.

Navadevakula has been identified with [[Nawal, Uttar Pradesh|Nawal]], 18 miles southeast of Kannauj.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

After that period, this area's history is almost completely obscure, with only the traditions of the later [[Rajput]] families as a source.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> These traditions indicate that today's Unnao district was heavily divided between various groups: the [[Bhar]]s are said to have ruled in the eastern part, while the central part was inhabited by a mix of tribes including the [[Lodh]]s, [[Lunia (caste)|Lunia]]s, [[Ahir]]s, [[Thathera]]s, [[Dhobi]]s, and [[Kurmi]]s.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The mud forts of their rulers are still pointed out, but none of them ruled over a very large area.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In the north, the rulers were the [[Rajpasi]]s, whose capital was the city of Ramkot (now known as [[Bangarmau]]).<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Finally, the area around [[Safipur]] was supposedly ruled by [[Brahmin]] rajas, with Safipur originally being called "Saipur" after one of them.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

===Medieval===
In the following centuries, the Rajputs were the main ruling class in this area.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The [[Bais Rajput|Bais]] ruled in the south, the [[Dikshit]]s were prevalent in the central part (their family traditions call this the "kingdom of [[Dikhitana]]"), and the north was divided between several smaller clans.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Muslim rule was never very strong here, and so the medieval history of Unnao district is essentially a collection of separate family traditions of the ruling Rajput clans, with no specific dates given.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

The first major Muslim center in the region was Bangarmau, around the year 1300: according to tradition, one Sayyid Ala-ud-Din conquered the area from the raja of Nawal, then destroyed Nawal and built a new capital at Bangarmau.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The shrine over his grave bears an inscription with the date of 702 [[Hijri year|AH]] (1302 CE).<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The next major Muslim conquest was Safipur, said to have happened in 819 AH; a different Sayyid Ala-ud-Din was killed in battle here, and his shrine is venerated by both Hindus and Muslims.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> His son, Baha-ud-Din, is then said to have later conquered [[Unnao]] itself from the [[Bisen]] raja of the city, disguising his soldiers as women in order to take the raja's troops by surprise.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Other Muslim outposts included [[Asiwan]] and [[Rasulabad, Unnao|Rasulabad]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

At the time of [[Akbar]], the entire area of modern Unnao district was included in the [[Sarkar (country subdivision)|sarkar]] of [[Lucknow]], in [[Awadh Subah]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> It consisted of the following mahals: [[Unnao]] (called Unam in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]]), [[Sarosi]], [[Harha]], [[Bangarmau]], [[Safipur]] (then called Saipur), [[Fatehpur-Chaurasi]], [[Mohan, Uttar Pradesh|Mohan]], [[Asiwan]], [[Jhalotar]], [[Parsandan]], [[Unchgaon]], [[Sidhupur, Unnao|Sidhupur]], [[Purwa]] (then called Ranbhirpur), [[Mauranwan]], [[Saron, Unnao|Saron]] or Sarwan, [[Kumbhi, Unnao|Kumbhi]], [[Magrayar]], [[Panhan]], Patan, [[Ghatampur, Unnao|Ghatampur]], and finally [[Asoha]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> This administrative setup remained almost unaltered through the 20th century, although there were a few changes.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> For example, the pargana of [[Pariar]] was formed from parts of Sarosi and Safipur in 1785, and then in the 1800s the pargana of Sarosi became known as [[Sikandarpur, Unnao|Sikandarpur]] instead ([[C.A. Elliott]] wrote in 1862 that it had "recently become habitual" at that time).<ref name="Gazetteer"/> As another example, [[Daundia Khera]] was formed out of Unchgaon and Sidhupur by [[Rao Mardan Singh]] around 1800.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

===Modern===
There are few references to this area during the later Mughal period, but they become more numerous during under the Nawabs of Awadh.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The Nawabs originally maintained a strong central authority over the region, with most of the local zamindars submitting to them without putting up a fight, but gradually their authority here diminished, and the local rulers became practically independent.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Under the Nawabi administrative setup, the area covered by today's Unnao district was divided between several districts or [[chakla]]s: Purwa, Rasulabad, and Safipur were based here, while Sandila and Baiswara were based outside of the present district but included some of its territory.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

When the British annexed Awadh in 1856, they established a new district based at Purwa, but the district headquarters were relocated to Unnao soon after.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Unnao was chosen for its central location, and the Deputy Commissioner had been posted here even during the short time when Purwa was the headquarters.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> At first, the new district was smaller than it is today, with only 13 parganas.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In 1869, however, it became much larger: the 7 parganas of Baiswara (Panhan, Patan, Bihar, Bhagwantnagar, Magrayar, Ghatampur, and Daundia Khera) were transferred into Unnao district (from [[Rae Bareli district]]), where they became part of the tehsil of Purwa.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Also in 1869, the pargana of Auras-Mohan was transferred here from [[Lucknow district]], and Mohan became the seat of a tehsil (replacing [[Nawabganj, Unnao|Nawabganj]]).<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Some fighting during 1857 [[sepoy mutiny]] took place in this area. Following the mutiny, the civil administration was re-established in the district which was named district Unnao, with headquarters at Unnao. The size of the district was however small until 1869, when it assumed its present form. The same year the town of Unnao was constituted a Municipality.<ref name=UnnaoHistory>{{cite web |title=History of the District |url=http://unnao.nic.in/history.htm |website=Unnao District Website |access-date=24 August 2016}}</ref>

==Economy==
In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Unnao one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund|Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme]] (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Divisions==
[[File:Unnao district subdivisions map.png|thumb|Map of Unnao district's tehsils and blocks]]
Unnao district is divided into 5 [[tehsil]]s: [[Unnao]], [[Hasanganj]], [[Safipur]], [[Purwa]], and [[Bighapur]].<ref name="Census 2011"/> These are further subdivided into 16 [[community development block]]s, as follows:<ref name="Census 2011"/>

* '''[[Safipur]] tehsil:'''
** [[Ganj Moradabad]] block
** [[Bangarmau]] block
** [[Fatehpur Chaurasi]] block
** [[Safipur]] block
* '''[[Hasanganj]] tehsil:'''
** [[Auras, Uttar Pradesh|Auras]] block
** [[Mianganj]] block
** [[Hasanganj]] block
** [[Nawabganj, Unnao|Nawabganj]] block
* '''[[Unnao]] tehsil:'''
** [[Sikandarpur Sarausi]] block
** [[Bichhiya, Unnao|Bichhiya]] block
** [[Sikandarpur Karan]] block
* '''[[Purwa]] tehsil:'''
** [[Asoha]] block
** [[Purwa]] block{{refn|group=note|name=first|Part of Purwa block is also in Bighapur tehsil.<ref name="Census 2011"/>}}
** [[Hilauli]] block
* '''[[Bighapur]] tehsil:'''
** [[Bighapur]] block
** [[Sumerpur, Unnao|Sumerpur]] block

The current elected representative from Unnao to the [[Lok Sabha]], in the [[Parliament of India]], is [[Shakshi Maharaj]]. The district had 6 [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha]] seats, namely Unnao, Purwa, Bhagwantnagar, Mohan, Safipur and Bangarmau. However, after delimitation in 2008, areas under Harha were merged with other Vidhan Sabha seats. Thus, the district now has only 6 Vidhan Sabha seats. Other prominent [[Qasba]] of Unnao include Karowan B.K., Safipur, Neotani, Asiwan, Bangarmau, Mohaan, Magarwara, Shuklaganj, Purwa Maurawan, and [[Baksar]]. The district magistrate is Ravindra Kumar.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rastogi |first=Divyansh |title=यूपी सरकार के प्रशासनिक फेरबदल: 13 IAS अफसर इधर से उधर- अखिलेश सिंह सहारनपुर के नए DM |trans-title=Administrative reshuffle of UP government: 13 IAS officers from here to there – new DM of Akhilesh Singh Saharanpur |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/lucknow-city-akhilesh-singh-is-now-the-new-saharanpur-dm-under-the-transfer-of-13-ias-officers-in-uttar-pradesh-20053768.html |date=23 February 2020 |website=[[Jagran Prakashan Limited|Jagran.com]] |language=hi |access-date=23 February 2020}}</ref>

The Unnao Lok Sabha Constituency had the largest number of registered voters for the [[2009 Indian general election|2009 Lok Sabha elections]], post de-limitation, with about 1.9 million voters, making it India's largest parliamentary seat.

Member of Legislative Council—Kanpur Graduate Seat---Arun Pathak (BJP, elected 23/01/2015) (Kanpur city, Kanpur Dehat and Unnao districts are represented by this seat).

==Municipalities==
The district has 18 statutory towns, including 3 [[Nagar Palika Parishad]]s (municipal boards) and 15 [[Nagar Panchayat]]s, as listed below:<ref name="Census 2011"/>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Town name
! Classification
! Tehsil
! Population (in 2011)
|-
| [[Ganj Muradabad]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Safipur || 10,957
|-
| [[Bangarmau]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Safipur|| 44,204
|-
| [[Fatehpur Chaurasi]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Safipur|| 6,715
|-
| [[Ugu]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Safipur || 6,318
|-
| [[Safipur]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Safipur || 25,688
|-
| [[Kursath, Unnao|Kursath]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Safipur || 6,770
|-
| [[Auras, Uttar Pradesh|Auras]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Hasanganj || 6,466
|-
| [[Hyderabad, Uttar Pradesh|Hyderabad]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Hasanganj || 7,697
|-
| [[Rasulabad, Unnao|Rasulabad]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Hasanganj || 7,928
|-
| [[Mohan, Uttar Pradesh|Mohan]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Hasanganj || 15,071
|-
| [[Nyotini]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Hasanganj || 7,577
|-
| [[Nawabganj, Unnao|Nawabganj]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Hasanganj || 11,545
|-
| [[Unnao]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Unnao || 177,658
|-
| [[Gangaghat]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Unnao || 84,072
|-
| [[Purwa]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Purwa || 24,467
|-
| [[Maurawan]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Purwa || 15,484
|-
| [[Bighapur]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Bighapur || 6,501
|-
| [[Bhagwant Nagar]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Bighapur || 6,995
|}

Unnao district also has 3 [[census town]]s, which are not full municipalities but are otherwise counted as urban areas:<ref name="Census 2011"/>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Town name
! Classification
! Tehsil
! Population (in 2011)
|-
| [[Achalganj]] || [[Census Town]] || Unnao || 7,748
|-
| [[Katri Piper Khera]] || [[Census Town]] || Unnao || 26,475
|-
| [[Majhara Pipar Ahatmali]] || [[Census Town]] || Unnao || 25,310
|}

==Demographics==
{{historical populations |11=1901|12=9,76,590|13=1911|14=9,10,869|15=1921|16=8,19,087|17=1931|18=8,55,657|19=1941|20=9,59,493|21=1951|22=10,67,001|23=1961|24=12,26,779|25=1971|26=14,84,393|27=1981|28=18,22,591|29=1991|30=22,00,397|31=2001|32=27,00,324|33=2011|34=31,08,367|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Unnao District
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|87.89}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|11.69}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Unnao district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,108,367,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of Mongolia<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = M Mongolia 3,133,318 July 2011 est.}}</ref> or the US state of [[Iowa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Iowa 3,046,355}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 31st in Uttar Pradesh<ref name="Census 2011"/> and 112th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 682 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}, which is lower than Uttar Pradesh as a whole.<ref name="Census 2011"/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.19%.<ref name=districtcensus/> The district's population is 82.9% rural and 17.1% urban as of 2011.<ref name="Census 2011"/> Unnao district has a [[sex ratio]] of 906 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1,000 males, which is the 30th-highest in the state.<ref name="Census 2011"/> It also has a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 66.4%, which is the 47th-highest in the state.<ref name="Census 2011"/>

===Languages===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
| caption=Unnao district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>
|label1 = Hindi |value1 = 97.59 |color1 = Yellow
|label2 = Urdu |value2 = 2.25 |color2 = Red
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.16 |color3 = Black
}}

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 97.72% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] (or a related language) and 2.25% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>

Languages spoken here include [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]], a vernacular in the [[Hindi language (generic)|Hindi]] [[dialect continuum|continuum]] spoken by over 38 million people, mainly in the [[Awadh]] region.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Awadhi: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=awa | access-date = 28 September 2011 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! colspan=4| Unnao district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=15 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! Mother tongue code
! Mother tongue
! People
! Percentage
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 002007 || [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 280
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.01%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 006030 || [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 3,575
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.12%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 006240 || [[Hindi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 3,033,529
| style="text-align:right;" | 97.59%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 016038 || [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 384
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.01%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 022015 || [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 69,806
| style="text-align:right;" | 2.25%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| style="text-align:center;" | –
|| [[Languages of India|Others]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 793
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.03%
|-valign=top class="sortbottom"
| colspan=2 | Total
| style="text-align:right;" | 3,108,367
| style="text-align:right;" | 100.00%
|-
|}

==Education==
The district follows the usual [[Education in India|10+2+3 pattern of education]], as elsewhere in India. Some notable schools and institutions of the district are :
* Ben-Hur Inter College, Unnao
* Brilliant Academy Inter College, Unnao
* Government Inter College
* Master Mind Public School
* St. Jude's Inter College, Unnao<ref>{{cite web |title=Know More About College |url=https://stjudescollege.org/ |website=St. Jude's College |access-date=12 September 2019}}</ref>
* Sun DE Sun Public Inter College, Unnao
* St. Lawrence School<ref>{{cite web |title=St. Lawrence School, Unnao |url=https://www.schoolstlawrence.com/ |date=2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822181314/https://www.schoolstlawrence.com/ |archive-date=22 August 2018 |website=St. Lawrence School |access-date=12 September 2019}}</ref>
* Saraswati Vidya Mandir Inter College (S.V.M.I.C.), Pooran Nagar, Unnao<ref>{{cite web |title=S.V.M. Inter College, Sant Pooran Das Nagar, Unnao |url=https://www.facebook.com/svmicuno/ |date=2017 |website=Facebook |access-date=23 February 2020}}</ref>

==2013 gold treasure incident==
{{Main|Unnao gold treasure incident|l1=Unnao Gold Treasure Incident}}

In October 2013, [[Archaeological Survey of India]] took up the excavation near Daundia Khera village in Unnao district amid reports of over 1000 tonnes of gold deposits buried beneath the ruins of an old fort, which belonged to [[Ram Baksh Singh]], a revolutionary of [[Revolt of 1857|1857]].<ref>{{cite web|title='Peepli Live' in Unnao: ASI begins hunt for 1,000-tonne 'buried treasure'|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Peepli-Live-in-Unnao-ASI-begins-hunt-for-1000-tonne-buried-treasure/articleshow/24354232.cms|access-date=19 October 2013}}</ref> The preliminary investigation of [[Archaeological Survey of India|ASI]] and [[Geological Survey of India|GSI]] also confirmed a non-magnetic anomalous zone occurring at 5–20 m depth indicative of possible non-conducting, metallic contents and/or some alloys.<ref>{{cite web|title=ASI begins Excavation at Unnao in search of Gold Deposits|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2013/10/asi-begins-excavation-at-unnao-in-search-of-gold-deposits/|access-date=19 October 2013}}</ref>

==Notable personalities==

* [[Gaya Prasad Shukla]]<ref name=UnnaoPersonalities>{{cite web |title=Famous Personalities |url=http://unnao.nic.in/personali.htm |date=2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116140658/http://unnao.nic.in/personali.htm |archive-date=16 January 2018 |website=Unnao District Website |access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref>
* Uma Shankar Chaudhary<ref>{{cite news |title=अखिलेश यादव की बैठक के दौरान सपा नेता उमाशंकर चौधरी की हार्ट अटैक से मौत |trans-title=During a party meeting, Samajwadi Party leader Umashankar Chaudhary died from a heart attack |url=http://www.amarujala.com/lucknow/sp-leader-uma-shankar-chaudhary-died-in-akhilesh-yadav-meeting |date=22 July 2017 |newspaper=[[Amar Ujala]] |language=hi |access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=सपा की बैठक के दौरान उमा शंकर चौधरी को हार्ट अटैक, अस्पताल में निधन |trans-title=Uma Shankar Chaudhary dies in hospital, heart attack during Samajwadi Party meeting |url=http://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/lucknow-city-heart-attack-to-sp-leader-in-meeting-died-in-civil-hospital-16413425.html |date=23 July 2017 |newspaper=[[Dainik Jagran]] |language=hi |access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://unnao.nic.in}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Unnao district
|North = [[Hardoi district]]
|Northeast =
|East = [[Lucknow district]]
|Southeast = [[Rae Bareli district]]
|South = [[Fatehpur district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Kanpur Nagar district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Unnao district}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Lucknow division topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|26|33|00|N|80|28|48|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=title}}

{{Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Unnao district| ]]
[[Category:Lucknow division]]
[[Category:1869 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]