Tuzk-e-Jahangiri - Revision history

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	'''''Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri''''' or '''''Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri''''' ({{lang-fa\|{{nq\|تزک جهانگیری}}}}) or '''Jahangir-nama''' ({{lang-fa\|{{nq\|جهانگیرنامه}}}}) is the autobiography of [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Jahangir\|Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir]] (1569–1627). Also referred to as ''Jahangirnama'',<ref>[http://newton.uor.edu/facultyfolder/rebecca_brown/art127/pdf/jahangirintro.pdf Jahangiri Intro].</ref> ''Tuzk-e-Jahangiri'' is written in [[Persian language\|Persian]], and follows the tradition of his great-grandfather, [[Babur]] (1487–1530), who had written the ''[[Baburnama]]''; though Jahangir went a step further and besides the history of his reign, he includes details like his reflections on art, politics, and also information about his family.		'''''Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri''''' or '''''Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri''''' ({{lang-fa\|{{nq\|تزک جهانگیری}}}}) or '''Jahangir-nama''' ({{lang-fa\|{{nq\|جهانگیرنامه}}}}) is the autobiography of [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Jahangir\|Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir]] (1569–1627). Also referred to as ''Jahangirnama'',<ref>[http://newton.uor.edu/facultyfolder/rebecca_brown/art127/pdf/jahangirintro.pdf Jahangiri Intro].</ref> ''Tuzk-e-Jahangiri'' is written in [[Persian language\|Persian]], and follows the tradition of his great-grandfather, [[Babur]] (1487–1530), who had written the ''[[Baburnama]]''; though Jahangir went a step further and besides the history of his reign, he includes details like his reflections on art, politics, and also information about his family.

	He wrote the memoirs in stages through most of his life until stopping in ~~1624~~. His own manuscript was magnificently illustrated by his studio of painters,<ref>Losty, 17-18</ref> but the illustrations were very early dispersed, many being found in ''[[muraqqa]]'' (albums) compiled by his sons.<ref>Losty, 82</ref> Several are in the [[British Library]].		He wrote the memoirs in stages through most of his life until stopping in 1622. His own manuscript was magnificently illustrated by his studio of painters,<ref>Losty, 17-18</ref> but the illustrations were very early dispersed, many being found in ''[[muraqqa]]'' (albums) compiled by his sons.<ref>Losty, 82</ref> Several are in the [[British Library]].

	==Overview==		==Overview==
	[[File:Jahangir holding a globe, 1614-1618.jpg\|thumb\|[[Jahangir]] holding a globe, 1614–1618.]]		[[File:Jahangir holding a globe, 1614-1618.jpg\|thumb\|[[Jahangir]] holding a globe, 1614–1618.]]
	The text details the first nineteen years of his reign, but gave up the writing of his Memoirs in the seventeenth year of his reign. (The complete Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri written by emperor Jahangir himself from the first page to the last page is housed in the National Museum of India since 1950's)He then entrusted the task to Mu‘tamad Khān, the author of the ''Iqbal-nama'', who continued the Memoirs to the beginning of the nineteenth year. From where, it was taken up by Muhammad Hadi, who continued it to Jahangir's death. It forms an important reference point for the era along with his father, [[Akbar]]'s, ''[[Akbarnama]]''. The first important printed version of ''Jahangirnama'' was by Sayyid Ahmad, printed at Ghazipur in 1863 and at Aligarh in 1864.<ref>[http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D11001081%26ct%3D0 Preface] The Tūzuk-i-Jahangīrī by Alexander Rogers and Henry Beveridge, Royal Asiatic Society, 1909–1914.</ref>		The text details the first nineteen years of his reign, but gave up the writing of his Memoirs in the seventeenth year of his reign. (The complete Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri written by emperor Jahangir himself from the first page to the last page is housed in the National Museum of India since 1950's)He then entrusted the task to Mu‘tamad Khān, the author of the ''Iqbal-nama'', who continued the Memoirs to the beginning of the nineteenth year. From where, century later it was taken up by Muhammad Hadi, who continued it to Jahangir's death. It forms an important reference point for the era along with his father, [[Akbar]]'s, ''[[Akbarnama]]''. The first important printed version of ''Jahangirnama'' was by Sayyid Ahmad, printed at Ghazipur in 1863 and at Aligarh in 1864.<ref>[http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D11001081%26ct%3D0 Preface] The Tūzuk-i-Jahangīrī by Alexander Rogers and Henry Beveridge, Royal Asiatic Society, 1909–1914.</ref>

	Jahangir's autobiography also reflects the royal ideology of Jahangir's views on various political, religious and social issues. Within the memoir, he noted many of his local level legislative policies in his large empire consisting of most of modern-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Among them were his decrees to manage and regulate the jagirdars. Jagirdars were holders of the [[jagir]], the emperor's land grant title. The jagirdars were to take the income of the land and use it mainly to finance the maintenance of the troops and to address the town needs. Jahangir made various attempts to halt corruption within the jagirdars. He prohibited each of them from using the money for personal profit by ordering that part of the land income to go to hospitals and infirmaries and for each town to be equipped with religious buildings according to the religion of that area. Jahangir also kept the jagirdars from gaining interest in family or land riches by ordering for jagirdars to seek his approval before marrying someone from the town they ruled in.{{citation needed\|date=November 2016}}		Jahangir's autobiography also reflects the royal ideology of Jahangir's views on various political, religious and social issues. Within the memoir, he noted many of his local level legislative policies in his large empire consisting of most of modern-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Among them were his decrees to manage and regulate the jagirdars. Jagirdars were holders of the [[jagir]], the emperor's land grant title. The jagirdars were to take the income of the land and use it mainly to finance the maintenance of the troops and to address the town needs. Jahangir made various attempts to halt corruption within the jagirdars. He prohibited each of them from using the money for personal profit by ordering that part of the land income to go to hospitals and infirmaries and for each town to be equipped with religious buildings according to the religion of that area. Jahangir also kept the jagirdars from gaining interest in family or land riches by ordering for jagirdars to seek his approval before marrying someone from the town they ruled in.{{citation needed\|date=November 2016}}
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	{{Mughal Empire}}{{Authority control}}		{{Mughal Empire}}{{Authority control}}
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Tuzk-E-Jahangiri}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Tuzk-E-Jahangiri}}
			[[Category:Mughal literature]]
	[[Category:Persian-language literature]]		[[Category:Persian-language literature]]
	[[Category:Books about the Mughal Empire]]		[[Category:Books about the Mughal Empire]]

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{{italic title}}
[[File:Jahangir in Darbar.jpg|thumb|Abul Hasan and Manohar, with [[Jahangir]] in the [[Durbar (court)|Darbar]], from the Jahangir-nama, {{circa|1620}}. [[Gouache]] on paper.]]

'''''Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri''''' or '''''Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri''''' ({{lang-fa|{{nq|تزک جهانگیری}}}}) or '''Jahangir-nama''' ({{lang-fa|{{nq|جهانگیرنامه}}}}) is the autobiography of [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Jahangir|Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir]] (1569–1627). Also referred to as ''Jahangirnama'',<ref>[http://newton.uor.edu/facultyfolder/rebecca_brown/art127/pdf/jahangirintro.pdf Jahangiri Intro].</ref> ''Tuzk-e-Jahangiri'' is written in [[Persian language|Persian]], and follows the tradition of his great-grandfather, [[Babur]] (1487–1530), who had written the ''[[Baburnama]]''; though Jahangir went a step further and besides the history of his reign, he includes details like his reflections on art, politics, and also information about his family.

He wrote the memoirs in stages through most of his life until stopping in 1624. His own manuscript was magnificently illustrated by his studio of painters,<ref>Losty, 17-18</ref> but the illustrations were very early dispersed, many being found in ''[[muraqqa]]'' (albums) compiled by his sons.<ref>Losty, 82</ref> Several are in the [[British Library]].

==Overview==
[[File:Jahangir holding a globe, 1614-1618.jpg|thumb|[[Jahangir]] holding a globe, 1614–1618.]]
The text details the first nineteen years of his reign, but gave up the writing of his Memoirs in the seventeenth year of his reign. (The complete Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri written by emperor Jahangir himself from the first page to the last page is housed in the National Museum of India since 1950's)He then entrusted the task to Mu‘tamad Khān, the author of the ''Iqbal-nama'', who continued the Memoirs to the beginning of the nineteenth year. From where, it was taken up by Muhammad Hadi, who continued it to Jahangir's death. It forms an important reference point for the era along with his father, [[Akbar]]'s, ''[[Akbarnama]]''. The first important printed version of ''Jahangirnama'' was by Sayyid Ahmad, printed at Ghazipur in 1863 and at Aligarh in 1864.<ref>[http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D11001081%26ct%3D0 Preface] The Tūzuk-i-Jahangīrī by Alexander Rogers and Henry Beveridge, Royal Asiatic Society, 1909–1914.</ref>

Jahangir's autobiography also reflects the royal ideology of Jahangir's views on various political, religious and social issues. Within the memoir, he noted many of his local level legislative policies in his large empire consisting of most of modern-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Among them were his decrees to manage and regulate the jagirdars. Jagirdars were holders of the [[jagir]], the emperor's land grant title. The jagirdars were to take the income of the land and use it mainly to finance the maintenance of the troops and to address the town needs. Jahangir made various attempts to halt corruption within the jagirdars. He prohibited each of them from using the money for personal profit by ordering that part of the land income to go to hospitals and infirmaries and for each town to be equipped with religious buildings according to the religion of that area. Jahangir also kept the jagirdars from gaining interest in family or land riches by ordering for jagirdars to seek his approval before marrying someone from the town they ruled in.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |author=Henry Miers Elliot |authorlink=Henry Miers Elliot |date=1875 |title=Wakiʼat-i Jahangiri |url= https://archive.org/stream/wakiatijahangiri00jaha#page/n5/mode/2up |location=Lahore |publisher=Sheikh Mubarak Ali}}
* {{cite book |last=Jahangir, Emperor of Hindustan |author-link=Jahangir |date=1829 |title=Memoirs of the Emperor Jahanguir |url=https://archive.org/stream/memoirsofemperor00jaharich#page/n5/mode/2up |translator-last=Price |translator-first=Major David |location=London |publisher=J. Murray}}
* {{cite book |last=Jahangir, Emperor of Hindustan |author-link=Jahangir |date=1909 |editor-last=Beveridge |editor-first=Henry |editor-link=Henry Beveridge (1837–1929) |title=The Tuzuk-i-Janhangīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr |url=https://archive.org/stream/tuzukijahangirio00jahauoft#page/n4/mode/1up |translator-last=Rogers |translator-first=Alexander |location=London |publisher=Royal Asiatic Society}}
* {{cite book |last=Jahangir, Emperor of Hindustan |date=1999 |title=The Jahangirnama: Memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India |translator-last=Thackston |translator-first=Wheeler M. |translator-link=Wheeler Thackston |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-512718-8}}
*Losty, J. P. Roy, Malini (eds), ''Mughal India: Art, Culture and Empire'', 2013, British Library, {{ISBN|0712358706}}, 9780712358705

== See also ==
* ''[[Babarnama]]''
* ''[[Akbarnama]]''
* [[Tuzk-e-Taimuri]]

==References==
{{commons category|Jahangirnama}}
<references/>

==Work online==
* [http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D11001080%26ct%3D0 The ''Tūzuk-i-Jahangīrī'' Or Memoirs Of Jahāngīr, Alexander Rogers and Henry Beveridge. Royal Asiatic Society, 1909–1914.]

==Further reading==
*Jahangir, Emperor of Hindustan, ''The Jahangirnama, Memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India'', trans. and ed. W.M. Thackston, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1999

{{Mughal Empire}}{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tuzk-E-Jahangiri}}
[[Category:Persian-language literature]]
[[Category:Books about the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Indian autobiographies]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian books]]
[[Category:Mughal art]]
[[Category:Indian manuscripts]]
[[Category:Islamic illuminated manuscripts]]
[[Category:17th-century illuminated manuscripts]]
[[Category:Indian chronicles]]