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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tura
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| Selsela Amgury =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town
| pushpin_map = India Meghalaya#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Meghalaya, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25.52|N|90.22|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Meghalaya]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[West Garo Hills district|West Garo Hills]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Autonomous district council|District council]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Garo Hills Autonomous District Council|GHADC]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 349 - 1181.10
| population_total = 74,858
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title2 = Official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Garo language|Garo]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 03651
| registration_plate = ML 08
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cwa]]
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Tura''' (IPA: ˈtʊərə) is a municipality in the [[West Garo Hills district]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Meghalaya]]. One of the largest towns in Meghalaya, Tura is located in the foothills of the Nokrek range of Garo Hills. Before the British came to the Garo Hills, Tura was known as Dura and the British called the place, Tura as it was easier for them to pronounce. The climate in Tura is moderate throughout the year, and the town has many interesting and unexplored areas.

It is 220 kilometres from the nearest city [[Guwahati]] and is also the district headquarter of the [[West Garo Hills district]]. It is filled with small rivulets and green valleys all around. The principal languages are [[Garo language|Garo]] and [[English language|English]]. The city has four colleges and multiple secondary schools. In 1973, the town was made the seat of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Tura]].

The capital city of [[Shillong]] is 323 kilometres away and can be accessed via buses or the shuttle helicopter service. The border of [[Bangladesh]] Dalu, is situated at a proximity of 50 km.

Tura is a cultural and administrative centre of the [[Garo (tribe)|Garo]] tribe. To visit popular tourist destinations such as [[Balpakram]], [[Nokrek]] and [[Siju Cave]] [[Chitmang Peak]], one needs to pass through this town.

There are many water falls and lot of streams in Tura. Some of the water falls are Rongbangdare, Pelgadare, Gandrak Falls etc. Some of the streams are Rangolwari, Nokmawari, Ganol, and Dachima.

==Geography and climate==
Tura is located at {{Coord|25.52|N|90.22|E|}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/18/Tura.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Tura, India|website=www.fallingrain.com}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 349 metres (1145 feet). Its climate is a [[Humid Subtropical]] climate ([[Köppen climate classification]]: Cwa).

{{Weather box
| location = Tura, Meghalaya (1961–1985, extremes 1949–1985)
| metric first = Y
| single line = Y
| Jan record high C = 31.5
| Feb record high C = 35.9
| Mar record high C = 37.2
| Apr record high C = 38.5
| May record high C = 39.4
| Jun record high C = 36.9
| Jul record high C = 39.1
| Aug record high C = 36.8
| Sep record high C = 37.2
| Oct record high C = 36.6
| Nov record high C = 34.0
| Dec record high C = 30.7
| year record high C = 39.4
| Jan high C = 22.7
| Feb high C = 24.8
| Mar high C = 29.0
| Apr high C = 30.4
| May high C = 29.7
| Jun high C = 29.1
| Jul high C = 28.6
| Aug high C = 28.7
| Sep high C = 29.0
| Oct high C = 28.8
| Nov high C = 26.4
| Dec high C = 23.3
|year high C = 27.5
| Jan low C = 11.0
| Feb low C = 12.7
| Mar low C = 16.8
| Apr low C = 19.3
| May low C = 19.4
| Jun low C = 20.5
| Jul low C = 21.6
| Aug low C = 21.5
| Sep low C = 21.0
| Oct low C = 19.1
| Nov low C = 15.6
| Dec low C = 12.5
| year low C = 17.6
| Jan record low C = 2.5
| Feb record low C = 5.0
| Mar record low C = 6.5
| Apr record low C = 10.1
| May record low C = 10.6
| Jun record low C = 10.1
| Jul record low C = 12.6
| Aug record low C = 12.6
| Sep record low C = 12.6
| Oct record low C = 10.6
| Nov record low C = 8.1
| Dec record low C = 4.1
| year record low C = 2.5
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 9.2
| Feb rain mm = 9.3
| Mar rain mm = 52.5
| Apr rain mm = 165.7
| May rain mm = 423.7
| Jun rain mm = 555.8
| Jul rain mm = 669.9
| Aug rain mm = 422.4
| Sep rain mm = 345.8
| Oct rain mm = 173.3
| Nov rain mm = 15.0
| Dec rain mm = 3.3
| year rain mm = 2845.9
| Jan rain days = 1.0
| Feb rain days = 0.6
| Mar rain days = 2.8
| Apr rain days = 6.5
| May rain days = 13.6
| Jun rain days = 16.0
| Jul rain days = 17.7
| Aug rain days = 15.5
| Sep rain days = 13.2
| Oct rain days = 6.3
| Nov rain days = 0.8
| Dec rain days = 0.2
| year rain days = 94.2
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 65
| Feb humidity = 59
| Mar humidity = 56
| Apr humidity = 67
| May humidity = 72
| Jun humidity = 80
| Jul humidity = 82
| Aug humidity = 84
| Sep humidity = 82
| Oct humidity = 78
| Nov humidity = 70
| Dec humidity = 68
|year humidity = 72
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20200216160549/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Normals%20%281961-1990%29.pdf
| archivedate = 16 February 2020
| url = http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Normals%20%281961-1990%29.pdf
| title = Station: Tura Climatological Table 1961–1990
| work = Climatological Normals 1961–1990
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = July 2010
| pages = 827–828
| accessdate = 17 February 2020}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{Pie chart
|thumb = Right
|caption = Religions in Tura
(2011)<ref>https://www.in/data/town/801536-tura-meghalaya.html {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Christianity]]
|value1 = 72.71
|color1 = Blue
|label2 = [[Hinduism]]
|value2 = 25.47
|color2 = DarkOrange
|label3 = [[Islam]]
|value3 = 1.18
|color3 = Green
|label5 = [[Buddhism]]
|value5 = 0.30
|color5 = Gold
|label7 = not stated
|value7 = 0.84
|color7 = Brown}}

The population of Tura Town is 74,858 according to the 2011 census. The indigenous [[Garo people]] form the majority of Tura's population. The population of Garo people in the town is 54,750, making up 73% of the city population. {{update after|2022}}
As of the [[2011 Census of India]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Tura had a population of 58,391. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Tura has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 56%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 67%. In Tura, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

===Language===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages spoken in Tura (2011)<ref>https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16T/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-1700.XLSX {{Bare URL spreadsheet|date=April 2022}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Garo language|Garo]]
|value1 = 72.90
|color1 = brown
|label3 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
|value3 = 4.76
|color3 = orange
|label2 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
|value2 = 16.18
|color2 = orchid
|label4 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]]
|value4 = 2.15
|color4 = sienna
|label5 = Others
|value5 = 4.01
|color5 = grey
}}
[[Garo language|Garo]] is Spoken by 54,575 people, [[Bengali language|Bengali]] by 12,113, [[Hindi language|Hindi]] by 3,563, [[Nepali language|Nepali]] by 1,609 and 11,911 people speaks other languages.

==Connectivity==
Tura is situated in the western part of Meghalaya which is quite close to the National Border of Bangladesh. The main mode of transport is by road, as there are no railways or any scheduled flights from nearby [[Baljek Airport]]. From Guwahati, it is 220 km, through the [[National Highway 217 (India)|National Highway 217]](Old NH 51). Day time Sumo and overnight bus services are available from Guwahati. There is a 3-days-a-week helicopter service available from Guwahati and Shillong, run by [[Pawan Hans]].

==Society==
Main Residents of Tura are the Garo tribe (Native People). Christianity is the main religion, Almost 100% of the Garos are Christians. There are different Christian denominations like Baptist, Catholic, Seventh Day Adventist, Church of Jesus Christ (COJC), Christian Revival Church (CRC) etc. The Garos have a matrilineal society.

==Transport==
The nearest airport is Guwahati Airport (GAU). Although Tura has its own airport named Baljek airport situated approx. 30 km from the town but it is yet to be functional. It was inaugurated by the then President of India Smt. Pratibha Patil during her visit to the town.

==Education==
[[File:ICFAI University, Tura.JPG|thumb|ICFAI University, Tura]]
[[File:Kendriya Vidyalaya, Tura.JPG|thumb|Kendriya Vidyalaya, Tura]]

===Colleges and Universities===
* College of Home Science (under [[Central Agricultural University]], Imphal)
* College of Teacher Education
* [[Don Bosco College, Tura]]
* Durama College
* Harding Theological College
* ICFAI University Meghalaya, Tura
* Martin Luther University, Tura Campus
* [[North-Eastern Hill University]], Tura Campus.
* Tura College of Information Technology
* Tura Govt. College
* [[Tura Law College]]
* Tura Polytechnic.
* Tura United Christian Academy.

===Other institutes===
* National Skill Training Institute for Women
* Tura Industrial Training Institute
Food Craft Institute, Tura under NCHMCT, Noida.

==Food and drinks==

There are many varieties of food available, the common one is the traditional Garo food. Traditional Garo food includes boiled rice, different preparations of pork, beef, chicken and dry fish. Some of the delicacies of Garo Food are Na·kam Bitchi (it is dry fish curry made with chillies and soda), Gal•da Matchu (Roselle leaves boiled with beef), Wak Gominda (it is Pumpkin cooked with Pork, chillies and soda) Wak Pura (it is pork cooked with crushed rice or rice flour), Khappa (meat fried with soda and boiled with fresh garden spices) Ta'a wakgran (Yam with smoked Pork, chillies and soda), Brenga (Meat cooked inside the bamboo), We'tepa (Meat/Fish/vegetables cooked wrapped in banana leaves), Chambil Wak Pura (Pomelo cooked with Pork and crushed rice), Ta'a wak Haldi rasin (Pork cooked with yam, turmeric powder, chillies and onions), Kalai do'o (Black lentils cooked with Chicken), Me'a nakam (Bamboo shoot with dry fish), Me'a wak Pura (Bamboo Shoot with pork and rice flour) etc. The common delicacies are rice cakes called sakkin (made with locally grown sticky rice and sesame seed) and pitta (made with crushed sticky rice and jaggery), Jakkep (made with sticky rice flour and sesame seeds). There are many variety of locally made drinks. Minil bitchi or Mi bitchi (Rice Beer) (made of fermented sticky rice or normal rice) is one of the most common drink. In fact, there are various indigenous delicacies.

==Media and communications==
[[All India Radio]] has a local station in Tura which transmits various programs of mass interest. Recently, daily local newspapers viz., The Tura Times, Janera and Salantini Ku·rang has been disseminating the information to the whole region of Garo Hills and also to parts of Assam (esp. two districts Kamrup and Goalpara) where the areas are populated with Garo People.

==Notable people==
* [[P.A. Sangma]] Indian politician
* [[Zubeen Garg]] Indian singer, actor, director, producer and music director.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{commons category}}
{{Meghalaya}}

[[Category:Tura, Meghalaya| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in West Garo Hills district]]

Tura, Meghalaya - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article