Tufanganj I - Revision history

213.86.135.44 at 12:22, 24 January 2024

2024-01-24T12:22:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:52, 24 January 2024
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	\| settlement_type = Community development block		\| settlement_type = Community development block
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	\| image_alt =		\| image_alt =
	\| image_caption =		\| image_caption =
	\| pushpin_map = ~~India West Bengal~~		\| pushpin_map =
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	===Literacy===		===Literacy===
	According to the 2011 census, the ~~total~~ number of literate persons in the Tufanganj I CD block was 161,744 (73.69% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 90,476 (79.78% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 71,268 (67.17% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities\|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 12.61%.<ref name=census2011/>		According to the 2011 census, the number of literate persons in the Tufanganj I CD block was 161,744 (73.69% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 90,476 (79.78% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 71,268 (67.17% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities\|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 12.61%.<ref name=census2011/>

	See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]		See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]
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	===Language and religion===		===Language and religion===
	According to the ''District Census Handbook, Cooch Behar, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 90.3% of the population of Cooch Behar district, followed by [[Hindi]] (1.6%), [[Telugu language\|Telugu]] (0.6%), [[Sadri language\|Sadan/ Sadri]] (0.2%), [[Bhojpuri language\|Bhojpuri]] (0.1%), [[Kurukh language\|Kurukh/ Oraon]] (0.1%), [[Nepali language\|Nepali/ Gorkhali]] (0.1%) and [[Santali language\|Santali]] (0.1%). [[Marwari language\|Marwari]], [[Rangpuri language\|Rajbansi]], [[Munda languages\|Munda]], [[Rabha language\|Rabha]], [[Rajasthani language\|Rajasthani]], [[Assamese language\|Assamese]] and [[Koch language\|Koch]] were the mother- tongues of smaller proportion of the population. People with other mother-tongues formed 6.9% of the population. The proportion of those whose mother-tongue was Bengali declined from 96.1% in 1961 to 90.3% in 2001 and the proportion of those with other mother tongues increased from 0.2% in 1961 to 6.9% in 2001.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf\|title = District Census Handbook Koch Bihar, Series 20, Part XII A , 2011 census\|work = page 56: Mother tongue\| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal \| access-date = 22 July 2020}}</ref>

	According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.latestlaws.com/bare-acts/state-acts-rules/west-bengal-state-laws/west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/\|title = West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 \|publisher= Latest Laws.com\| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://advocatetanmoy.com/2018/06/26/the-west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/ \|title = The West Bengal Official Language Act 1961\|publisher= Advocate Tanmoy Law Library \| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = http://www.wbja.nic.in/wbja_adm/files/The%20Bengal%20Official%20Language%20Act,%201961_1.pdf \|title = The West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961\| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/official-language-status-for-urdu-in-some-west-bengal-areas/article3274293.ece \|title = Official status for Urdu in some West Bengal Areas \|publisher= The Hindu, 2 April 2012 \| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref>

	The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/multi-lingual-bengal/cid/358751 \|title = Multilingual Bengal \|publisher= The Telegraph, 11 December 2012 \| access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/kamtapuri-rajbanshi-make-it-to-list-of-official-languages-in-bengal/1263116 \|title = Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi make it to the list of official languages in Bengal \|publisher= Outlook, 28 February 2015 \| access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref> However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. Census 2011 provides language data only at the district and above level.

	{{bar box		{{bar box
	\|title=Religion in Tufanganj I CD block		\|title=Religion in Tufanganj I CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
	\|titlebar=#~~ddd~~		\|titlebar=#FCD116
	\|left1=		\|left1=
	\|float=right		\|float=right
	\|bars=		\|bars=
	{{bar percent\|[[~~Hindu~~]]\|~~Orange~~\|69.85}}		{{bar percent\|[[Hinduism in West Bengal\|Hinduism]]\|darkorange\|69.85}}
	{{bar percent\|[[~~Muslim~~]]\|~~Green~~\|29.79}}		{{bar percent\|[[Islam in West Bengal\|Islam]]\|green\|29.79}}
	{{bar percent\|[[Christians\|~~Christian]]~~\|~~Blue~~\|0.23}}		{{bar percent\|Other or not stated\|black\|0.36}}
	{{~~bar percent~~\|Others\|~~Yellow\|~~0.~~12}}~~		}}

			In the [[2011 Census of India]], Hindus numbered 173,652 and formed 69.85% of the population of Tufanganj I CD block. Muslims numbered 74,065 and formed 29.79% of the population. Christians numbered 577 and formed 0.23% of the population. Others numbered 301 and formed 0.12% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web \|date=2011 \|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal \|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS \|website=censusindia.gov.in \|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

			{{Pie chart
			\|caption = Languages of Tufanganj I CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
			\|label1 = [[Bengali language\|Bengali]] \|value1 = 95.48 \|color1 = orchid
			\|label2 = 'Other' Bengali \|value2 = 2.39 \|color2 = mediumpurple
			\|label3 = [[Rangpuri language\|Rajbongshi]] \|value3 = 1.73 \|color3 = plum
			\|label4 = Others \|value4 = 0.40 \|color4 = grey
	}}		}}

	In the ~~[[2011 Census of India]], Hindus numbered 173,652 and formed 69.85%~~ of the ~~population of Tufanganj I CD block. Muslims numbered 74~~,~~065 and formed 29~~.79% of the population~~. Christians numbered 577~~ and ~~formed 0~~.23% ~~of the population~~. ~~Others numbered 301 and formed 0~~.12% ~~of the population~~.<ref name=~~censusreligion2011~~>{{~~cite~~ web\| url = ~~http~~://~~www.~~censusindia.gov.in/~~2011census~~/c-01.~~html~~ \|~~title~~ = ~~C1 Population by Religious Community \| work= West Bengal~~ \|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India ~~\| access-date = 22 July 2020~~}}</ref>		At the time of the 2011 census, 95.48% of the population spoke [[Bengali language\|Bengali]] and 1.73% [[Rangpuri language\|Rajbongshi]] as their first language. 2.39% were recorded as speaking 'Other' under Bengali.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web \|title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal \|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX \|website=www.censusindia.gov.in \|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

	==Rural poverty==		==Rural poverty==
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	===Infrastructure===		===Infrastructure===
	There are 72 inhabited villages in the Tufanganj I CD block, as per the ''District Census Handbook'', Cooch Behar, 2011. ~~100%~~ villages have power supply~~. 100% villages have~~ drinking water supply. 31 villages (43.06%) have post offices. 48 villages (66.67%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 33 villages (45.83%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 24 villages (33.33%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 9 villages (12.50%) have agricultural credit societies and 7 villages (9.72%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web \| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf \| title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A \| work = Page 86, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 \| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. \| access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>		There are 72 inhabited villages in the Tufanganj I CD block, as per the ''District Census Handbook'', Cooch Behar, 2011. All of the villages have power supply and drinking water supply. 31 villages (43.06%) have post offices. 48 villages (66.67%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 33 villages (45.83%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 24 villages (33.33%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 9 villages (12.50%) have agricultural credit societies and 7 villages (9.72%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web \| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf \| title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A \| work = Page 86, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 \| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. \| access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

	===Agriculture===		===Agriculture===

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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tufanganj I
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26.415833|N|89.595833|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Cooch Behar district|Cooch Behar]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Representative democracy]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 317.00
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 248595
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Alipurduars (Lok Sabha constituency)|Alipurduars]], [[Cooch Behar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Cooch behar]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Tufanganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Tufanganj]], [[Natabari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Natabari]]
| website = {{URL|coochbehar.gov.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Tufanganj I''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|community development block (CD block)]] that forms an [[Administrative divisions of India|administrative division]] in the [[Tufanganj subdivision]] of the [[Cooch Behar district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Geography==
Natabari, a constituent panchayat of the block, is located at {{coord|26.415833|N|89.595833|E|format=dms|}}.

Topographically Cooch Behar district is generally plain land which is low and marshy at some places. “Considering the nature of general surface configuration, relief and drainage pattern, distribution of different types of soil, climatic condition, the formation of geology and forest tracts, the district Koch Bihar falls under [[Barind Tract]]. The physiology of this area consists of alluvial soil, generally blackish brown in colour and composed of sand, clay and silt. The soils are loose and sandy throughout the district.” The Himalayan formations in the north end beyond the boundaries of this district. There are no hills/ mountains here. It has a large network of rivers flowing from north-west to south and south-east. The [[Teesta River|Teesta]] flows through Mekhliganj CD block before entering [[Bangladesh]]. The [[Jaldhaka River|Jaldhaka]] and its connected river-streams form a large catchment area in the district. It virtually divides the district into two unequal parts and meets the Brahmaputra in Bangladesh. The Himalayan rivers flowing through Cooch Behar district change courses from time to time. In 1876, [[W.W. Hunter]] mentioned the [[Dharla River|Dharla]] and the [[Torsha River|Torsha]] as the same stream with two names. However, since the advent of the 20th century, these are two different streams meeting the Brahmaputra in Bangladesh.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, Series 20, Part XIIA| work= Census of India 2011, pages 17-21 Physical feafures| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 22 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="map">{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, Series 20, Part XIIA| work= Census of India 2011, Fifth page, map of Koch Bihar district| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 22 July 2020}}</ref>

The hill-streams of Cooch Behar carry debris and silt from the Himalayas and are shallow. During the
monsoons the speed of flow of the rivers almost doubles and the rivers overflow the banks causing floods and devastation. The Raidak I and II, and Sankosh are the major rivers causing floods in the Tufanganj I and II CD blocks.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, Series 20, Part XIIA| work= Census of India 2011, pages 18, 22| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 22 July 2020}}</ref>

The Tufanganj I CD block is bounded by the [[Alipurduar II]] CD block in Alipurduar district on the north, the [[Tufanganj II]] CD block and Agamoni revenue circle/tehsil in [[Dhubri district]] of Assam on the east, the [[Dinhata II]] CD block and [[Bhurungamari Upazila]] in Kurigram District of Bangladesh on the south, the [[Cooch Behar I]] and [[Cooch Behar II]] CD blocks on the west.<ref name="map"/><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/assam/tehsil/dhubri.html| title = Dhubri Revenue Circle/ Tehsil map| publisher = Maps of India |access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bhurungamari_Upazila| title = Bhurungamari Upazila | publisher = Banglapedia |access-date = 21 July 2020}}</ref>

The Tufanganj I CD block has an area of 317.00 km2. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 14 [[gram panchayat]]s, 192 gram sansads (village councils), 73 [[mouza]]s, 72 inhabited villages and 1 [[census town]]s. [[Tufanganj#Police station|Tufangnj]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Cooch Behar |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at [[Tufanganj]].<ref name="map"/>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of Tufanganj I block/ panchayat samiti are: Andaran Fulbari I, Andaran Fulbari II, Balabhut, Balarampur I, Balarampur II, Chilakhana I, Chilakhana II, Deocharai, Dhalpal I, Dhalpal II, Maruganj, Nakkatigachh, Natabari I and Natabari II.<ref name=admin>{{cite web | url = http://coochbehar.nic.in/htmfiles/District_Administration.html| title = Relation between Blocks & Gram Panchayats (GPs) | publisher = Cooch Behar District Administration| access-date = 2011-03-20}}</ref>

[[File:ADMINISTRATIVE MAP.jpg|thumb|650px|left|Community development blocks in Cooch Behar district]]

==Demographics==
===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], the Tufanganj I CD block had a total population of 248,595, of which 243,256 were rural and 5,339 were urban. There were 128,415 (52%) males and 120,180 (48%) females. There were 29,090 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 115,000 (46.26%) and the [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 378 (0.15%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = CD block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 21 July 2020}}</ref>

According to the 2001 census, Tufanganj I block had a total population of 222,993, out of which 113,825 were males and 109,164 were females. Tufanganj I block registered a population growth of 16.47 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade.<ref name=census>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_3.htm |title=Census of India 2001, Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal, Table - 4 |access-date=21 July 2020 |work=Cooch Behar District (03) |publisher=Government of West Bengal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_3.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>

[[Census town]]s in the Tufanganj I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Kamat Phulbari]] (P) (5,339).<ref name=census2011/>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Tufanganj I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Natabari, Cooch Behar|Natabari]] (6,113), Chhat Rampur Dwitiya Khanda (5,773), Dhalpal (7,319), Charaljani (6,534), [[Airani Chitalia]] (5,036), Jaigir Chilakhaa (8,712), [[Andaranfulbari|Andaran Phulbari (P)]], Ghogarkuthi Pratham Khanda (10,826), Chilakhana (9,263), Maradanga (8,775), Balarampur (34,113), Deocharai (7,849), [[Chamta]] (8,190), Dwiparpar (5,256), [[Nakkatigachhi]] (4,243), Jhaljhali (4,072), Krishnapur (5,740), Balabhut (10,008) and Jhaukuthi (4,273).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in the Tufanganj I CD block include (2011 census figures in brackets): Dhadial (3,870) and [[Bhuchungmari]] (1,541).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in the Tufanganj I CD block was 161,744 (73.69% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 90,476 (79.78% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 71,268 (67.17% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 12.61%.<ref name=census2011/>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Cooch Behar district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Cooch Behar, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, Bengali was the mother-tongue of 90.3% of the population of Cooch Behar district, followed by [[Hindi]] (1.6%), [[Telugu language|Telugu]] (0.6%), [[Sadri language|Sadan/ Sadri]] (0.2%), [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] (0.1%), [[Kurukh language|Kurukh/ Oraon]] (0.1%), [[Nepali language|Nepali/ Gorkhali]] (0.1%) and [[Santali language|Santali]] (0.1%). [[Marwari language|Marwari]], [[Rangpuri language|Rajbansi]], [[Munda languages|Munda]], [[Rabha language|Rabha]], [[Rajasthani language|Rajasthani]], [[Assamese language|Assamese]] and [[Koch language|Koch]] were the mother- tongues of smaller proportion of the population. People with other mother-tongues formed 6.9% of the population. The proportion of those whose mother-tongue was Bengali declined from 96.1% in 1961 to 90.3% in 2001 and the proportion of those with other mother tongues increased from 0.2% in 1961 to 6.9% in 2001.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Koch Bihar, Series 20, Part XII A , 2011 census|work = page 56: Mother tongue| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 22 July 2020}}</ref>

According to the West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 and the West Bengal Official Language (Amendment Act) 2012, the Bengali language is to be used for official purposes in the whole of West Bengal. In addition to Bengali, the Nepali language is to be used for official purposes in the three hills subdivisions, namely Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, in the district of Darjeeling, and Urdu is to be used for official purposes in district/subdivision/ block/ municipality where the population speaking Urdu exceeds 10% of the total population. The English language will continue to be used for official purposes as it was being used prior to the enactment of these laws.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.latestlaws.com/bare-acts/state-acts-rules/west-bengal-state-laws/west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/|title = West Bengal Official Language Act 1961 |publisher= Latest Laws.com| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://advocatetanmoy.com/2018/06/26/the-west-bengal-official-language-act-1961/ |title = The West Bengal Official Language Act 1961|publisher= Advocate Tanmoy Law Library | access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbja.nic.in/wbja_adm/files/The%20Bengal%20Official%20Language%20Act,%201961_1.pdf |title = The West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961| access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/official-language-status-for-urdu-in-some-west-bengal-areas/article3274293.ece |title = Official status for Urdu in some West Bengal Areas |publisher= The Hindu, 2 April 2012 | access-date = 10 May 2020}}</ref>

The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/multi-lingual-bengal/cid/358751 |title = Multilingual Bengal |publisher= The Telegraph, 11 December 2012 | access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/kamtapuri-rajbanshi-make-it-to-list-of-official-languages-in-bengal/1263116 |title = Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi make it to the list of official languages in Bengal |publisher= Outlook, 28 February 2015 | access-date = 15 January 2019}}</ref> However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered. Census 2011 provides language data only at the district and above level.

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Tufanganj I CD block
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|Orange|69.85}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|Green|29.79}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians|Christian]]|Blue|0.23}}
{{bar percent|Others|Yellow|0.12}}
}}

In the [[2011 Census of India]], Hindus numbered 173,652 and formed 69.85% of the population of Tufanganj I CD block. Muslims numbered 74,065 and formed 29.79% of the population. Christians numbered 577 and formed 0.23% of the population. Others numbered 301 and formed 0.12% of the population.<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 22 July 2020}}</ref>

==Rural poverty==
Based on a study of the per capita consumption in rural and urban areas, using central sample data of NSS 55th Round 1999-2000, Cooch Behar district had a rural poverty ratio of 25.62%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.planningcommission.gov.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_wb04.pdf| title = West Bengal Human Development Report 2004| work = Page 80: Table 4.5 Per capita consumption in rural and urban areas by district| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal| access-date = 23 July 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120501201321/http://planningcommission.gov.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_wb04.pdf| archive-date = 1 May 2012| url-status = dead}}</ref>

According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 20-26% of the population of Cooch Behar, Birbhum, Nadia and Hooghly districts were below poverty line, marginally higher than the level of poverty in West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/315791504252302097/pdf/119344-BRI-P157572-West-Bengal-Poverty.pdf| title = West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality| publisher = World Bank Group|access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

==Economy==
===Livelihood===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Livelihood in Tufanganj I CD block'''
|value1 = 24.69
|label1 = Cultivators
|value2 = 34.95
|label2 = Agricultural labourers
|value3 = 9.94
|label3 = Household industries
|value4 = 30.42
|label4 = Other Workers}}

In the Tufanganj I CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 24,856 and formed 24.69%, agricultural labourers numbered 35,176 and formed 34.95%, household industry workers numbered 10,007 and formed 9.94% and other workers numbered 30,618 and formed 30.42%.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Koch Bihar, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref> Total workers numbered 100,657 and formed 40.49% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 147,938 and formed 59.51% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Koch Bihar, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Koch Bihar, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 35 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

===Infrastructure===
There are 72 inhabited villages in the Tufanganj I CD block, as per the ''District Census Handbook'', Cooch Behar, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 100% villages have drinking water supply. 31 villages (43.06%) have post offices. 48 villages (66.67%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 33 villages (45.83%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 24 villages (33.33%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 9 villages (12.50%) have agricultural credit societies and 7 villages (9.72%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 86, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

===Agriculture===
Agriculture is the primary mode of living in the district. The entire Cooch Behar district has fertile soil and around half of the cultivated land in the district is cropped twice or more. Paddy (rice) and jute are the largest producing crops, followed by potatoes, vegetables and pulses. There are 23 tea gardens on glided slopes. There are some [[coconut]], [[areca nut]] and [[Betel|betel leaf]] plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 23-26 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

In 2012-13, there were 89 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 49 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in the Tufanganj I CD block.<ref name=handbook2013>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Cooch Behar| work = Table No. 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 23 July 2020 }}</ref>

In 2012–13, the Tufanganj I CD block produced 41,806 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 18,986 hectares, 15,895 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 5,412 hectares, 1,880 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 1,122 hectares, 7,344 tonnes of wheat from 2,876 hectares, 1,617 tonnes of maize from 664 hectares, 83,866 tonnes of jute from 7,787 hectares, 68,042 tonnes of potatoes from 1,799 hectares and 77,903 tonnes of sugar cane from 745 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2013/>

In 2012-13, the total area irrigated in the Tufanganj I CD block was 5,545 hectares, out of which 90 hectares were irrigated by private canal water, 1,565 hectares by tank water, 689 hectares by river lift irrigation, 200 hectares by deep tube wells, 2,160 hectares by shallow tube wells, 91 hectares by open dug wells, 750 hectares by other means.<ref name=handbook2013/>

===Pisciculture===
Being a river-bound district, pisciculture is an important economic activity in the Cooch Behar district. Almost all the rivers originating in the Himalayas have a lot of fish. The net area under effective pisciculture in 2010-11 in the Tufanganj I CD block was 297.06 hectares. 12,250 persons were engaged in the profession and approximate annual production was 19,904 quintals.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 27-28: Fishery | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

===Banking===
In 2012-13, Tufanganj I CD block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 6 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2013/>

==Transport==
Tufanganj I CD block has 24 ferry services and 8 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2013/>

The New Cooch Behar-Golokganj branch line passes through this block and there are stations at Tufanganj and Bakshirhat.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/siliguri-jn-dhubri-demu-75741/18592/445/7427#st | title = Siliguri-Dhubri DEMU| publisher = IndiaRailInfo |access-date = 8 March 2020}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2012-13, Tufanganj I CD block had 153 primary schools with 15,782 students, 27 middle schools with 18,005 students, 9 high schools with 9,576 students and 14 higher secondary schools with 18,266 students. Tufanganj I CD block had 524 institutions for special and non-formal education with 20,223 students. Tufanganj municipal area had 1 general degree college with 1,967 students and 3 technical/ professional institutions with 275 students (outside the CD block).<ref name=handbook2013/>

See also – [[Education in India]]

According to the 2011 census, in the Tufanganj I CD block, among the 72 inhabited villages, 4 villages did not have schools, 40 villages had two or more primary schools, 25 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 16 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1903_PART_A_DCHB_KOCH%20BIHAR.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Koch Bihar, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 547-48, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 23 July 2020}}</ref>

==Healthcare==
In 2013, Tufanganj I CD block had 1 block primary health centre and 3 primary health centres with total 58 beds and 6 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 41 family welfare subcentres. 8,542 patients were treated indoor and 51,169 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2013/>

Natabari Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Natabari, is the major government medical facility in the Tufanganj I CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at Dewchari (with 10 beds), Moradanga (with 10 beds and Balarampur (with 4 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher = Government of West Bengal|access-date = 29 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 29 July 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Cooch Behar topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Cooch Behar district]]