Trisul - Revision history

Ptamansamrat: enhanced structure to improve readability and improved wording

2025-12-02T08:03:02Z

enhanced structure to improve readability and improved wording

UpdateBot at 15:37, 17 March 2022

2022-03-17T15:37:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:07, 17 March 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{short description\|Mountain in Uttarakhand, india}}		{{short description\|Mountain in Uttarakhand, india}}
	{{About\|Himalayan peaks southwest of Nandadevi\|Tirsuli in the northeast\|Tirsuli\|other uses\|Trishul (disambiguation)}}		{{About\|Himalayan peaks southwest of Nandadevi\|Tirsuli in the northeast\|Tirsuli\|other uses\|Trishul (disambiguation)}}
	[[File:Trisul 1 and2.jpg\|thumb\|Trisul 1 and 2 as seen from ~~Brahmatal~~ trek]]		[[File:Trisul 1 and2.jpg\|thumb\|Trisul 1 and 2 as seen from Brahma Tal trek]]
			[[File:Trisul peak from bedni bugyal.jpg\|thumb\|Trisul on the way to Roopkund from Bedni Bugyal]]
			[[File:Mount Trishul - 1.jpg\|thumb\|Trisul 1 from Kausani]]
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2015}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2015}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2015}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2015}}
Line 26:		Line 28:
	}}		}}

	'''Trisul''' is a group of three [[Himalayas\|Himalayan]] mountain peaks of western [[Kumaon division\|Kumaun]], with the highest (Trisul I) reaching 7120m. The three peaks resemble a trident - in [[Hindi]]/[[Sanskrit]], [[Trishula (weapon)\|Trishula]], trident, is the weapon of [[Shiva]]. The Trishul group forms the southwest corner of the ring of peaks enclosing the [[Nanda Devi]] Sanctuary, about {{Convert\|15\|km\|mi\|0}} west-southwest of Nanda Devi itself. The main peak, Trisul I, was the first peak over {{Convert\|7000\|m\|ft\|-1\|abbr=on}} to have ever been climbed, in 1907.		'''Trisul''' is a group of three [[Himalayas\|Himalayan]] mountain peaks of western [[Kumaon division\|Kumaun]], Uttarakhand, with the highest (Trisul I) reaching 7120m. The three peaks resemble a trident - in [[Hindi]]/[[Sanskrit]], [[Trishula (weapon)\|Trishula]], trident, is the weapon of [[Shiva]]. The Trishul group forms the southwest corner of the ring of peaks enclosing the [[Nanda Devi]] Sanctuary, about {{Convert\|15\|km\|mi\|0}} west-southwest of Nanda Devi itself. The main peak, Trisul I, was the first peak over {{Convert\|7000\|m\|ft\|-1\|abbr=on}} to have ever been climbed, in 1907.
	[[File:Trisul1.JPG\|thumb\|Trishul seen from Junargali]]		[[File:Trisul1.JPG\|thumb\|Trishul seen from Junargali]]
	[[File:Trishul peak in the golden hour.jpg\|thumb\|Sunset on Trishul Peak, photographed from Ranikhet, India]]		[[File:Trishul peak in the golden hour.jpg\|thumb\|Sunset on Trishul Peak, photographed from Ranikhet, India]]
	[[File:Trisul Peak Ratanpur kalan.jpg\|thumb\|Trisul Peak view from Ratanpur Kalan dist. Moradabad during lockdown on ~~10th~~ May 2020 I.S.T 6.55 pm. Approx aerial distance of the peak is 216 km.]]		[[File:Trisul Peak Ratanpur kalan.jpg\|thumb\|Trisul Peak view from Ratanpur Kalan dist. Moradabad during lockdown on 10 May 2020 I.S.T 6.55 pm. Approx aerial distance of the peak is 216 km.]]

	==Description of the massif and ~~neighboring~~ peaks==		==Description of the massif and neighbouring peaks==
	The three peaks are named Trisul I, Trisul II, and Trisul III. The [[massif]] is a north-south ridge, with Trisul I at the north end and Trisul III at the south. The massif runs roughly North-South, and hence appears compressed when viewed from the south ([[Ranikhet]], [[Kausani]]), and more stretched out from the Southeast ([[Chamoli]], [[Bedini Bugyal]]).		The three peaks are named Trisul I, Trisul II, and Trisul III. The [[massif]] is a north-south ridge, with Trisul I at the north end and Trisul III at the south. The massif runs roughly North-South, and hence appears compressed when viewed from the south ([[Ranikhet]], [[Kausani]]), and more stretched out from the Southeast ([[Chamoli]], [[Bedini Bugyal]]).

	[[Nanda Ghunti]] lies a few ~~kilometers~~ to the northwest, while [[Mrigthuni]] is just to the southeast.		[[Nanda Ghunti]] lies a few Kilometres to the northwest, while [[Mrigthuni]] is just to the southeast.
	{\| style="border-collapse: collapse; background:#f0f0f0;" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"		{\| style="border-collapse: collapse; background:#f0f0f0;" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
	!Mountain		!Mountain
Line 80:		Line 82:
	\| author = John B. West		\| author = John B. West
	\| doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00950.2002		\| doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00950.2002
	\| pmid=12679344}} Quote: "The first use of supplementary oxygen in the Himalayas was apparently in 1907 when A. L. Mumm, Tom Longstaff, and Charles Bruce went to the Garhwal and made the first ascent of Trisul (7,127 m), which remained the highest summit to be climbed for 21 years."</ref> During the 1950s [[Harold Williams (British Army officer)\|Harold Williams]] led Indian Army expeditions to the summit.		\| pmid=12679344}} Quote: "The first use of supplementary oxygen in the Himalayas was apparently in 1907 when A. L. Mumm, Tom Longstaff, and Charles Bruce went to the Garhwal and made the first ascent of Trisul (7,127 m), which remained the highest summit to be climbed for 21 years."</ref> During the 1950s [[Harold Williams (British Army officer)\|Harold Williams]] led Indian Army expeditions to the summit.{{fact\|date=January 2022}}

	Routes on the west face and south ridge of Trisul I have also been climbed. The ~~west face~~ was first ascended in 1976~~; this was the first ascent of~~ the ~~main summit not using~~ the ~~first-ascent route~~.{{cn\|~~date~~=~~January 2021~~}}		Routes on the west face and south ridge of Trisul I have also been climbed. The south side was first ascended in 1976 by a Yugoslavian expedition, with Slovenian climbers Andrej Graseli and Štefan Marenče reaching the peak on 15 May, followed by Vanja Matijevec the following day.<ref>{{cite book \|title=Nebesko predvorje: Himalaji \|last=Jevremović
			\|first=Pavle\|year=2001 \|publisher=Beogradsko mašinsko grafičko prezueće \|pages=37}} {{ISBN\|86-7330-117-3}}</ref>

	===Trisul II and III===		===Trisul II and III===

imported>Shyamal: add disambig

2021-05-15T07:44:25Z

add disambig

New page

{{short description|Mountain in Uttarakhand, india}}
{{About|Himalayan peaks southwest of Nandadevi|Tirsuli in the northeast|Tirsuli|other uses|Trishul (disambiguation)}}
[[File:Trisul 1 and2.jpg|thumb|Trisul 1 and 2 as seen from Brahmatal trek]]
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Trishul
| photo = Trishul.jpg
| photo_caption = Trishul from [[Bedini Bugyal]]
| elevation_m = 7120
| elevation_ref = <ref name="carter">H. Adams Carter, "Classification of the Himalaya", ''[[American Alpine Journal]]'', 1985, p. 137.</ref><ref name="other_height">Some sources give {{Convert|7172|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.</ref>
| prominence_m = 1616
| prominence_ref = <ref name="peaklist">{{cite web|url=http://peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/karakoram.html|title=High Asia I: The Karakoram, Pakistan Himalaya and India Himalaya (north of Nepal)|publisher=Peaklist.org|access-date=2014-05-28}}</ref>
| listing = [[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]
| map = India
| map_caption = India
| map_size = 260
| label = Trisul
| label_position = bottom
| location = [[Bageshwar]], [[Uttarakhand]], [[India]]
| range = [[Himalaya|Kumaun Himalaya]]
| coordinates = {{coord|30|18|46|N|79|46|38|E|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref = <ref name="carter"/>
| first_ascent = 12 June 1907 by [[Tom Longstaff]], A. Brocherel, H. Brocherel, Karbir<ref name="neate">Jill Neate, ''High Asia: An Illustrated History of the 7000 Metre Peaks'', {{ISBN|0-89886-238-8}}.</ref>
| easiest_route = Northeast flank/north ridge: snow/glacier climb
}}

'''Trisul''' is a group of three [[Himalayas|Himalayan]] mountain peaks of western [[Kumaon division|Kumaun]], with the highest (Trisul I) reaching 7120m. The three peaks resemble a trident - in [[Hindi]]/[[Sanskrit]], [[Trishula (weapon)|Trishula]], trident, is the weapon of [[Shiva]]. The Trishul group forms the southwest corner of the ring of peaks enclosing the [[Nanda Devi]] Sanctuary, about {{Convert|15|km|mi|0}} west-southwest of Nanda Devi itself. The main peak, Trisul I, was the first peak over {{Convert|7000|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} to have ever been climbed, in 1907.
[[File:Trisul1.JPG|thumb|Trishul seen from Junargali]]
[[File:Trishul peak in the golden hour.jpg|thumb|Sunset on Trishul Peak, photographed from Ranikhet, India]]
[[File:Trisul Peak Ratanpur kalan.jpg|thumb|Trisul Peak view from Ratanpur Kalan dist. Moradabad during lockdown on 10th May 2020 I.S.T 6.55 pm. Approx aerial distance of the peak is 216 km.]]

==Description of the massif and neighboring peaks==
The three peaks are named Trisul I, Trisul II, and Trisul III. The [[massif]] is a north-south ridge, with Trisul I at the north end and Trisul III at the south. The massif runs roughly North-South, and hence appears compressed when viewed from the south ([[Ranikhet]], [[Kausani]]), and more stretched out from the Southeast ([[Chamoli]], [[Bedini Bugyal]]).

[[Nanda Ghunti]] lies a few kilometers to the northwest, while [[Mrigthuni]] is just to the southeast.
{| style="border-collapse: collapse; background:#f0f0f0;" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
!Mountain
!Height (m)
!Height (ft)
!Coordinates
![[Topographic prominence|Prominence]] (m)
!First ascent
|-
|Trisul I
| align="right" |7,120
| align="right" |23,359
|{{coord|30|18|46|N|79|46|38|E|type:mountain}}
| align="right" |1616
| align="center" |1907
|-
|Trisul II
| align="right" |6,690<ref name="trisul_II_height">This elevation is from the [http://www.alpine-club.org.uk/hi/ Himalayan Index]. Some sources give {{Convert|6660|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.</ref>
| align="right" |21,949
|{{coord|30|17|24|N|79|46|12|E|type:mountain}}<ref name="him_index">From the Himalayan Index.</ref>
| align="right" | <200<ref name="garhwal-himalaya-ost">''Garhwal-Himalaya-Ost'' (1:150,000 scale topographic map), [[Swiss Foundation for Alpine Research]], 1992; based on maps by the [[Survey of India]].</ref>
| align="center" |1960
|-
|Trisul III
| align="right" |6,007
| align="right" |19,708
|{{coord|30|15|00|N|79|46|12|E|type:mountain}}
| align="right" | <200<ref name="garhwal-himalaya-ost" />
| align="center" |1960
|}

==Climbing history==
===Trisul I===
[[File:Trisul mountain (00283).JPG|300px|right|thumb|Trisul from [[Kausani]], [[Uttarakhand]]]]
[[File:Trisul.jpg|thumb|280px|left|Sunset on Trisul]]
[[Tom George Longstaff|T. G. Longstaff]] made the first climbing reconnaissance of Trisul, in September 1905, focussing on the western and southern sides. He returned in 1907 with two other [[United Kingdom|Britons]], three [[alps|Alpine]] [[mountain guide|guides]], and a number of [[Gurkha]]s. They ascended through the [[Rishiganga]] valley, to the north of the peak, onto the Trisul Glacier, which lies on the east side. From there they climbed the northeast flank to the north ridge, reaching the summit on 12 June. At the time Trisul was probably the [[World altitude record (mountaineering)|highest mountain to have been climbed]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Abode of the Snow |last=Mason
|first=Kenneth|year=1955 |publisher=Rupert Hart-Davis |pages=117}} Reprinted 1987 by Diadem Books, {{ISBN|978-0-906371-91-6}}</ref> The climb was noted also for the first use of supplementary oxygen in a major climb.<ref>
{{cite journal
| journal = Journal of Applied Physiology
| volume = 94
| number = 5
| pages = 1702–1713
|date=May 2003
| title = George I. Finch and his pioneering use of oxygen for climbing at extreme altitudes
| author = John B. West
| doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00950.2002
| pmid=12679344}} Quote: "The first use of supplementary oxygen in the Himalayas was apparently in 1907 when A. L. Mumm, Tom Longstaff, and Charles Bruce went to the Garhwal and made the first ascent of Trisul (7,127 m), which remained the highest summit to be climbed for 21 years."</ref> During the 1950s [[Harold Williams (British Army officer)|Harold Williams]] led Indian Army expeditions to the summit.

Routes on the west face and south ridge of Trisul I have also been climbed. The west face was first ascended in 1976; this was the first ascent of the main summit not using the first-ascent route.{{cn|date=January 2021}}

===Trisul II and III===
Trisul II and Trisul III were first climbed in 1960 by the Yugoslav team {{Interlanguage link multi|JAHO I|sl}}. They climbed from the Bidalgwar glacier, achieving the summit of Trisul II via the southern ridge and Trisul III via the north ridge.{{cn|date=January 2021}}

Another Yugoslav expedition made the first traverse of the three peaks in 1987, and two members [[paragliding|paraglided]] from the summit.{{cn|date=January 2021}}

==Access==
The Trisul massif can be accessed via the following route: [[Almora]] - [[Kausani]] - [[Garur]]- [[Gwaldam]] - Debal - Bagargad - Wan - [[Bedini Bugyal]] - Kalu Vinayak - [[Roopkund]] - Trisul.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Other sources==
* ''This My Voyage'' by [[Tom George Longstaff|T. G. Longstaff]].
* ''Across Peaks and Passes of Kumaun Himalayas'' by [[Harish Kapadia]].

{{commons|Trisul}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Bageshwar]]
[[Category:Mountains of Uttarakhand]]