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{{Short description|Whirl-wind demon slain by the Hindu deity Krishna}}[[File:Krishna_Kills_The_Tornado_Demon_Trinavarta,_Folio_from_the_'Tularam'_Bhagavata_Purana_(Ancient_Stories_of_the_Lord)_LACMA_M.71.49.9.jpg|thumb|303x303px|Krishna slays Trinavarta, depicted on a folio]]
'''Trinavarta''' ({{Lang-sa|तृणावर्त}}, [[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: {{IAST|Tṛṇāvarta}}) is an [[asura]] who is featured in [[Hindu texts|Hindu literature]], most prominently in the [[Bhagavata Purana]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Narayanan |first=Anand Chandrasekar |url=https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/8943cc6b-c6fd-44d1-9a71-f2fca2a2e475/content |title=The meaning of Generosity: A subjective culture study in India |year=2020}}</ref> He is described to be a whirl-wind asura dispatched by [[Kamsa]] to murder [[Krishna]], but is slain by the deity instead.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Prasad |first=Dev |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o0_5caqiUH0C&q=Trinavarta+&pg=PT7 |title=Krishna: A Journey through the Lands & Legends of Krishna |date=2015-01-27 |publisher=Jaico Publishing House |isbn=978-81-8495-170-7 |language=en}}</ref>

== Legend ==
{{Hindu mythology}}
Kamsa sent Trinavarta to kill his nephew.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nurani |first=Sangameswaran |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cHATEAAAQBAJ&dq=Trinavarta&pg=PA49 |title=SATYAM PARAM DHIMAHI ( Part 1) |publisher=Sankalp Publication |isbn=978-93-90468-91-1 |language=en}}</ref> Assuming the form of a whirl-wind, Trinavarta carried away the sitting Krishna.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Debroy |first=Bibek |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6oQlAQAAIAAJ&q=Trinavarta+report |title=The History of Puranas |date=2005 |publisher=Bharatiya Kala Prakashan |isbn=978-81-8090-062-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Narain |first=Laxmi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cJpEEAAAQBAJ&dq=Trinavarta&pg=PT62 |title=KRISHNACHARITAM: The Essence of Life |date=2021-09-24 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=978-1-68523-405-8 |language=en}}</ref> He enveloped the whole of [[Gokul]]am with a cloud of dust and darkness, the resultant cover of sand particles causing great distress to [[Yashoda]], who attempted to find her son with the help of the [[gopi]]s.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Prabhupāda |first=A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kQxyuQEACAAJ&q=srimad+bhagavatam+canto+10 |title=Kṛṣṇa: The Supreme Personality of Godhead : a Summary Study of Ṡrīla Vyāsadeva's Ṡrīmad-Bhāgavatam, Tenth Canto |date=1976 |publisher=Bhaktivedanta Book Trust |language=en}}</ref> Even as the asura carried the deity to the sky, Krishna caused himself to possess enormous weight, halting the asura in his ascent, who was unable to carry him farther.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dasa |first=Matsya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2UqJswEACAAJ&q=srimad+bhagavatam+canto+10 |title=Srimad Bhagavatam Tenth Canto Symphony of Commentaries |date=April 2017 |publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform |isbn=978-1-5453-5987-7 |language=en}}</ref> The deity then proceeded to clasp his captor's throat with intense force, which paralysed him and pushed out his eye-sockets. The asura descended back to the region of [[Braj|Vraja]], where he was crushed to death upon a rock.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Shastri (ed.) |first1=J. L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u3h6wgEACAAJ |title=Bhagavata Purana Pt. 1 (Aitm Vol. 7) Ancient Indian Tradition And Mythology (Vol. 7) |last2=Tagare (tr.) |first2=G. V. |date=August 1994 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Limited |isbn=978-81-208-0096-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[Nanda (Hinduism)|Nanda]] and the gopas discovered the infant dangling upon the chest of the slain asura, completely unharmed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2022-09-02 |title=Destruction of the Cart and Tṛṇāvarta [Chapter 7] |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-bhagavata-purana/d/doc1128872.html |access-date=2022-09-08 |website=www.wisdomlib.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Literature ==
The [[Brahma Vaivarta Purana]] offers details regarding the previous birth of Trinavarta. According to the text, Trinavarta was previously a mighty [[Pandya dynasty|Pandya]] king named Sahasraksha. Infatuated with passion, the king is stated to have engaged in amorous activities with a hundred damsels along the banks of a river named Pushpabhadra, located near the Gandhamadana mountain. The sage [[Durvasa]] appeared before Sahasraksha and the women, surrounded by his disciples. When the king failed to offer the sage the customary respect, he was cursed to be reborn as an asura, one whose liberation was to be received at the hands of Krishna.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Books |first=Kausiki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qJg3EAAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT136&dq=sahasraksha+durvasa&hl=en |title=Brahma Vaivartha Purana: 4 Sri Krishna Janana Khanda: English Translation only without Slokas: English Translation only without Slokas |date=2021-07-09 |publisher=Kausiki Books |pages=136 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chaturvedi |first=B. K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M7SeDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT108&dq=sahasraksha+durvasa&hl=en |title=Brahmavaivarta Purana |date=1900 |publisher=Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-5296-763-6 |pages=108 |language=en}}</ref>

The third volume of the [[Rukminisha Vijaya]] begins with Krishna's vanquishing of this asura.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Vadiraja Tirtha |url=http://archive.org/details/Httpsarchive.orgdetailsRukminisaVijaya.Part3 |title=Rukminisa Vijaya. Part 3 (3rd, 4th Sargas) |date=2008 |pages=15}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Aghasura]]
* [[Vyomasura]]
* [[Kaliya]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Asura]]
[[Category:Hinduism]]
[[Category:Krishna]]

Trinavarta - Revision history

ImportMaster: robot: Create/update articles in Category:Hindu gods.