Trimeresurus septentrionalis - Revision history

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2021-11-28T10:44:39Z

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	'''''Trimeresurus septentrionalis''''', [[common name\|commonly known]] as the '''northern white-lipped pit viper''',<ref name="Gum04">Gumprecht A, Tillack F, [[:fr:Nikolaï Orlov\|Orlov NL]], [[Ashok Captain\|Captain A]], Ryabov S. 2004. ''Asian Pitvipers''. GeitjeBooks. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. {{ISBN\|3-937975-00-4}}.</ref> is a [[venomous snake\|venomous]] [[Crotalinae\|pit viper]] [[species]] [[~~Endemism\|endemic~~]] to [[~~Bangladesh~~]], [[Nepal]] and [[India]].<ref name="Lev03">Leviton ~~AE,~~ Wogan ~~GOU,~~ Koo ~~MS,~~ Zug ~~GR,~~ Lucas ~~RS,~~ Vindum JV. ~~2003~~. The ~~Dangerously Venomous Snakes~~ of Myanmar, Illustrated ~~Checklist~~ with ~~Keys. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. '''~~54~~''' (~~24~~):407-462. [http~~://~~www.nmnh~~.si.edu/~~vert~~/~~reptiles~~/~~Publications~~/~~levitonal2003~~-~~dangven~~.pdf ~~PDF]~~ {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830183051/http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/reptiles/Publications/levitonal2003-dangven.pdf \|date=2006-08-30 }} ~~at [http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/reptiles/ Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles]. Accessed 8 August 2006.~~</ref>		'''''Trimeresurus septentrionalis''''', [[common name\|commonly known]] as the '''northern white-lipped pit viper''',<ref name="Gum04">Gumprecht A, Tillack F, [[:fr:Nikolaï Orlov\|Orlov NL]], [[Ashok Captain\|Captain A]], Ryabov S. 2004. ''Asian Pitvipers''. GeitjeBooks. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. {{ISBN\|3-937975-00-4}}.</ref> is a [[venomous snake\|venomous]] [[Crotalinae\|pit viper]] [[species]] found in [[Bangladesh]], [[Bhutan]], [[Nepal]] and [[India]].<ref name="NRDB"/><ref name="Lev03">{{cite journal \|last1=Leviton \|first1=A.E. \|last2=Wogan \|first2=G.O.U. \|last3=Koo \|first3=M.S. \|last4=Zug \|first4=G.R. \|last5=Lucas \|first5=R.S. \|last6=Vindum \|first6=J.V. \|name-list-style=amp \|title=The dangerously venomous snakes of Myanmar. Illustrated checklist with keys \|journal=Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences \|year=2003 \|volume=54 \|issue=24 \|pages=407–462 \|url=https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/4542/VZ_Leviton_al2003-dangVen.pdf }} {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830183051/http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/reptiles/Publications/levitonal2003-dangven.pdf \|date=2006-08-30 }}</ref>

	==Description==		==Description==
	Total length males 610 mm, females 730 mm.<ref name="NRDB">{{NRDB species\|genus=Trimeresurus\|species=septentrionalis}}</ref>		Total length males 610 mm, females 730 mm.<ref name="NRDB">{{NRDB species\|genus=Trimeresurus\|species=septentrionalis}}</ref>

	The head scalation consists of ~~10-11~~(12) [[upper labials]], the first of which are fused to the nasal. The head scales are small, subequal and feebly imbricate, smooth or weakly keeled. The [[supraoculars]] are narrow and undivided with ~~9-11~~ interocular scales between them. The temporal scales are smooth.<ref name="NRDB"/>		The head scalation consists of 10–11(12) [[upper labials]], the first of which are fused to the nasal. The head scales are small, subequal and feebly imbricate, smooth or weakly keeled. The [[supraoculars]] are narrow and undivided with 9–11 interocular scales between them. The temporal scales are smooth.<ref name="NRDB"/>

	Midbody there are 21 longitudinal dorsal scale rows. There are ~~162-172~~ ventrals in males, ~~160-181~~ in females. The subcaudals are paired and number ~~68-83~~ in males, ~~55-71~~ in females. The [[Hemipenis\|hemipenes]] are without spines.<ref name="NRDB"/>		Midbody there are 21 longitudinal dorsal scale rows. There are 162–172 ventrals in males, 160–181 in females. The subcaudals are paired and number 68–83 in males, 55–71 in females. The [[Hemipenis\|hemipenes]] are without spines.<ref name="NRDB"/>

	The colour pattern is green above. The belly is green, yellowish or white below. A faint ventrolateral stripe present in all males, but absent in females. The end of tail not mottled brown.<ref name="NRDB"/>		The colour pattern is green above. The belly is green, yellowish or white below. A faint ventrolateral stripe present in all males, but absent in females. The end of tail not mottled brown.<ref name="NRDB"/>
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	==Geographic range==		==Geographic range==
	It is found in Bangladesh, Nepal and northwestern India ([[Shimla\|Simla]]).<ref name="Lev03"/> The [[Type locality (biology)\|type locality]] is given as "Nepal 83<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 55' 28<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 15' 1500 m (Nähe Pokhara)". Regenass & Kramer (1981) list the type locality as "Hyangcha (Nepal) 83<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 55' E.L. 28<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 15' N.B. 1500 m". Holotype: MHNG 1404.31.<ref name="McD99"/>		It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and northwestern India ([[Shimla\|Simla]]).<ref name="NRDB"/><ref name="Lev03"/> The [[Type locality (biology)\|type locality]] is given as "Nepal 83<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 55' 28<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 15' 1500 m (Nähe Pokhara)". Regenass & Kramer (1981) list the type locality as "Hyangcha (Nepal) 83<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 55' E.L. 28<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>o</sup></span> 15' N.B. 1500 m". Holotype: MHNG 1404.31.<ref name="McD99"/>

	==Taxonomy==		==Taxonomy==
	Elevated to a [[species]], ''T. septentrionalis'', by Giannasi et al. (2001).<ref name="Gia01">Giannasi N, Thorpe ~~RS,~~ Malhotra ~~A. 2001.~~ The use of amplified fragment length polymorphism in determining species trees at fine taxonomic levels: analysis of a medically important snake, Trimeresurus albolabris. Molecular Ecology ~~'''~~10~~''': 419-426~~. ~~[http:~~/~~/sbsweb~~.~~bangor.ac~~.~~uk/~bss024/pdfs/2001/Giannasi MEC ~~2001.~~pdf PDF] at [http://sbsweb.bangor.ac~~.~~uk/~bss024/ Homepage of Professor Roger Stephen Thorpe, University of Wales, Bangor]{{Dead link\|date=July 2018~~ \|~~bot~~=~~InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=no~~ }}~~. Accessed 8 August 2006.~~</ref> Returned to a subspecies, ''T. a. septentrionalis'', by Leviton et al. (2003). Elevated to a species in another [[genus]], ''Cryptelytrops septentrionalis'', by Malhotra & Thorpe (2004). Returned to genus ''Trimeresurus'' and placed in [[subgenus]] ''(Trimeresurus)'' by David et al. (2011). (See synonyms.)		Elevated to a [[species]], ''T. septentrionalis'', by Giannasi et al. (2001).<ref name="Gia01">{{cite journal \|last1=Giannasi \|first1=Nicholas \|last2=Thorpe \|first2=Roger S. \|last3=Malhotra \|first3=Anita \|title=The use of amplified fragment length polymorphism in determining species trees at fine taxonomic levels: analysis of a medically important snake, ''Trimeresurus albolabris'' \|journal=Molecular Ecology \|date=2001 \|volume=10 \|issue=2 \|pages=419–426 \|doi=10.1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01220.x \|pmid=11298956}}</ref> Returned to a subspecies, ''T. a. septentrionalis'', by Leviton et al. (2003). Elevated to a species in another [[genus]], ''Cryptelytrops septentrionalis'', by Malhotra & Thorpe (2004). Returned to genus ''Trimeresurus'' and placed in [[subgenus]] ''Trimeresurus (Trimeresurus)'' by David et al. (2011). (See synonyms.)

	==References==		==References==
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	* Kramer E. 1977. ''Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals''. Rev. suisse Zool. '''84''' (3): 721-761.		* Kramer E. 1977. ''Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals''. Rev. suisse Zool. '''84''' (3): 721-761.
	* Parkinson CL. 1999. Molecular systematics and biogeographical history of Pit Vipers as determined by mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. Copeia '''1999''' (3): 576-586		* Parkinson CL. 1999. Molecular systematics and biogeographical history of Pit Vipers as determined by mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. Copeia '''1999''' (3): 576-586
	* Tu ~~MC,~~ Wang ~~HY,~~ Tsai ~~MP,~~ Toda M, Lee ~~WJ,~~ Zhang ~~FJ,~~ Ota ~~H. 2000.~~ Phylogeny, ~~Taxonomy~~, and ~~Biogeography~~ of the ~~Oriental Pit Vipers~~ of the ~~Genus~~ Trimeresurus (Reptilia: Viperidae: Crotalinae): ~~A Molecular Perspective.~~ Zoological Science ~~'''~~17~~''':~~ 1147~~-1157.~~		* {{cite journal \|last1=Tu \|first1=Ming-Chung \|last2=Wang \|first2=Hurng-Yi \|last3=Tsai \|first3=Mung-Pei \|last4=Toda \|first4=Mamoru \|last5=Lee \|first5=Wen-Jen \|last6=Zhang \|first6=Fu-Ji \|last7=Ota \|first7=Hidetoshi \|title=Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of the oriental pitvipers of the genus ''Trimeresurus'' (Reptilia: Viperidae: Crotalinae): a molecular perspective \|journal=Zoological Science \|date=2000 \|volume=17 \|issue=8 \|pages=1147–1157 \|doi=10.2108/zsj.17.1147 \|pmid=18522471}}
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}
	* The Reptile Database (http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Trimeresurus&species=septentrionalis)

	{{Taxonbar\|from=Q3004466}}		{{Taxonbar\|from=Q3004466}}

	[[Category:Trimeresurus\|septentrionalis]]		[[Category:Trimeresurus\|septentrionalis]]
			[[Category:Snakes of Asia]]
			[[Category:Reptiles of Bangladesh]]
			[[Category:Reptiles of Bhutan]]
			[[Category:Reptiles of India]]
	[[Category:Reptiles of Nepal]]		[[Category:Reptiles of Nepal]]
	[[Category:Reptiles ~~of India~~]]		[[Category:Reptiles described in 1977]]

imported>ShortDescBot: ShortDescBot adding short description "Species of snake"

2021-03-05T07:42:39Z

ShortDescBot adding short description "Species of snake"

New page

{{Short description|Species of snake}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Trimeresurus septentrionalis wiki.jpg
| image_caption =
| genus = Trimeresurus
| species = septentrionalis
| authority = Kramer, 1977
| synonyms = * ''Trimeresurus albolabris septentrionalis'' Kramer, 1977<ref name="McD99">McDiarmid RW, [[Jonathan A. Campbell|Campbell JA]], Touré T. 1999. ''Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1''. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. {{ISBN|1-893777-00-6}} (series). {{ISBN|1-893777-01-4}} (volume).</ref>
* ''Trimeresurus septentrionalis'' – Giannasi et al., 2001
* ''Trimeresurus albolabris septentrionalis'' – Leviton et al., 2003
* ''Cryptelytrops septentrionalis'' – Malhotra & Thorpe, 2004
* ''Trimeresurus (Trimeresurus) septentrionalis'' – David et al., 2011<ref name="NRDB"/>
}}

'''''Trimeresurus septentrionalis''''', [[common name|commonly known]] as the '''northern white-lipped pit viper''',<ref name="Gum04">Gumprecht A, Tillack F, [[:fr:Nikolaï Orlov|Orlov NL]], [[Ashok Captain|Captain A]], Ryabov S. 2004. ''Asian Pitvipers''. GeitjeBooks. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. {{ISBN|3-937975-00-4}}.</ref> is a [[venomous snake|venomous]] [[Crotalinae|pit viper]] [[species]] [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Bangladesh]], [[Nepal]] and [[India]].<ref name="Lev03">Leviton AE, Wogan GOU, Koo MS, Zug GR, Lucas RS, Vindum JV. 2003. The Dangerously Venomous Snakes of Myanmar, Illustrated Checklist with Keys. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. '''54''' (24):407-462. [http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/reptiles/Publications/levitonal2003-dangven.pdf PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830183051/http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/reptiles/Publications/levitonal2003-dangven.pdf |date=2006-08-30 }} at [http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/reptiles/ Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles]. Accessed 8 August 2006.</ref>

==Description==
Total length males 610 mm, females 730 mm.<ref name="NRDB">{{NRDB species|genus=Trimeresurus|species=septentrionalis}}</ref>

The head scalation consists of 10-11(12) [[upper labials]], the first of which are fused to the nasal. The head scales are small, subequal and feebly imbricate, smooth or weakly keeled. The [[supraoculars]] are narrow and undivided with 9-11 interocular scales between them. The temporal scales are smooth.<ref name="NRDB"/>

Midbody there are 21 longitudinal dorsal scale rows. There are 162-172 ventrals in males, 160-181 in females. The subcaudals are paired and number 68-83 in males, 55-71 in females. The [[Hemipenis|hemipenes]] are without spines.<ref name="NRDB"/>

The colour pattern is green above. The belly is green, yellowish or white below. A faint ventrolateral stripe present in all males, but absent in females. The end of tail not mottled brown.<ref name="NRDB"/>

Holotype: MHNG 1404.31<ref name="NRDB"/>

==Geographic range==
It is found in Bangladesh, Nepal and northwestern India ([[Shimla|Simla]]).<ref name="Lev03"/> The [[Type locality (biology)|type locality]] is given as "Nepal 83o 55' 28o 15' 1500 m (Nähe Pokhara)". Regenass & Kramer (1981) list the type locality as "Hyangcha (Nepal) 83o 55' E.L. 28o 15' N.B. 1500 m". Holotype: MHNG 1404.31.<ref name="McD99"/>

==Taxonomy==
Elevated to a [[species]], ''T. septentrionalis'', by Giannasi et al. (2001).<ref name="Gia01">Giannasi N, Thorpe RS, Malhotra A. 2001. The use of amplified fragment length polymorphism in determining species trees at fine taxonomic levels: analysis of a medically important snake, Trimeresurus albolabris. Molecular Ecology '''10''': 419-426. [http://sbsweb.bangor.ac.uk/~bss024/pdfs/2001/Giannasi MEC 2001.pdf PDF] at [http://sbsweb.bangor.ac.uk/~bss024/ Homepage of Professor Roger Stephen Thorpe, University of Wales, Bangor]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}. Accessed 8 August 2006.</ref> Returned to a subspecies, ''T. a. septentrionalis'', by Leviton et al. (2003). Elevated to a species in another [[genus]], ''Cryptelytrops septentrionalis'', by Malhotra & Thorpe (2004). Returned to genus ''Trimeresurus'' and placed in [[subgenus]] ''(Trimeresurus)'' by David et al. (2011). (See synonyms.)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
* Einfalt P. 2002. ''Haltung und Vermehrung von ''Trimeresurus albolabris'' (Gray 1842)''. Elaphe '''10''' (4): 31-36.
* Gumprecht A. 2001. ''Die Bambusottern der Gattung ''Trimeresurus'' Lacépède Teil IV: Checkliste der Trimeresurus-Arten Thailands''. Sauria '''23''' (2): 25-32
* Kramer E. 1977. ''Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals''. Rev. suisse Zool. '''84''' (3): 721-761.
* Parkinson CL. 1999. Molecular systematics and biogeographical history of Pit Vipers as determined by mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. Copeia '''1999''' (3): 576-586
* Tu MC, Wang HY, Tsai MP, Toda M, Lee WJ, Zhang FJ, Ota H. 2000. Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Biogeography of the Oriental Pit Vipers of the Genus Trimeresurus (Reptilia: Viperidae: Crotalinae): A Molecular Perspective. Zoological Science '''17''': 1147-1157.
{{refend}}
* The Reptile Database (http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Trimeresurus&species=septentrionalis)

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3004466}}

[[Category:Trimeresurus|septentrionalis]]
[[Category:Reptiles of Nepal]]
[[Category:Reptiles of India]]