->JJMC89 bot III: Moving :Category:Political parties in Travancore-Cochin to :Category:Political parties in Travancore–Cochin per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2021 March 21#Travancore–Cochin

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Moving Category:Political parties in Travancore-Cochin to Category:Political parties in Travancore–Cochin per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2021 March 21#Travancore–Cochin

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The '''Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress''' (TTNC) was a political party in the Indian state of [[Travancore-Cochin]]. The party was led by [[A. Nesamony]].<ref name="thehindu1">{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/remembering-marshal-nesamony/article4057148.ece | title=Remembering Marshal Nesamony | work=The Hindu | date=2 November 2012 | access-date=3 February 2014}}</ref>

== History ==
The [[Kingdom of Travancore]] was a [[princely state]] of India. Its population included an ethnic [[Malayali]] majority and a [[Tamil people|Tamil]] minority; the later suffered linguistic discrimination in education,<ref name="thehindu1"/> and leaders of Tamil organisations expressed concern about disadvantage from lack of economic development.<ref name="NesamonyPeter1">{{cite book|author1=Kumari Thanthai, Marshall A. Nesamony|author2=Dr.Peter, Dr. Ivy Peter|author3=Peter|title=Liberation of the Oppressed a Continuous Struggle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p_nHft2p3moC&pg=PA244|publisher=History Kanyakumari District|page=244|id=GGKEY:4WSDDCN93JK}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/veteran-congress-leader-dennis-dead/article4837949.ece | title=Veteran Congress leader Dennis dead | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | date=22 June 2013 | access-date=22 February 2014}}</ref> The Tamil minority formed several political parties, one of them being Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kanniyakumarihistory.com/kkhistory.html | title=Kanniyakumari History | publisher=History council of Kanniyakumari district | access-date=21 February 2014}}</ref>

The party's original platform was the formation of a separate Tamil state within Travancore.<ref name="NesamonyPeter2">{{cite book|author1=Kumari Thanthai, Marshall A. Nesamony|author2=Dr.Peter, Dr. Ivy Peter|author3=Peter|title=Liberation of the Oppressed a Continuous Struggle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p_nHft2p3moC&pg=PA135|publisher=History Kanyakumari District|page=135|id=GGKEY:4WSDDCN93JK}}</ref> The party contested the first Travancore constituent assembly election in 1948 and won 14 seats in the 120-seat legislature.<ref name="kerala1">{{cite web | url=http://kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3776&Itemid=3022 | title=History of Kerala Legislature | publisher=Government of Kerala | access-date=3 February 2014 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6CF88hkac?url=http://kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3776&Itemid=3022 | archive-date=17 November 2012 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>

In 1949, as part of the [[Political integration of India|integration of India]], Kingdom of Travancore merged with [[Kingdom of Cochin]], another princely state, to form [[Travancore-Cochin]].<ref name="PaulYandell2000">{{cite book|author1=John Jeya Paul|author2=Keith E. Yandell|title=Religion and Public Culture: Encounters and Identities in Modern South India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x3GuKnZTGG4C&pg=PA189|year=2000|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-7007-1101-7|page=189}}</ref> [[Rajpramukh]] became the Governor. The Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress party won 9<ref name="Srivastava1980"/> or 10<ref name="Chander">{{cite book|last=Chander|first=N. Jose|title=Coalition Politics: The Indian Experience|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|date=2004|pages=74|isbn=9788180690921}}</ref> seats in the [[1951 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election|first Travancore-Cochin assembly election]]. In the assembly, it supported the [[Indian National Congress]] to form a ruling coalition. It withdrew this support after 19 months because of differences with Congress over policy regarding Tamil-speaking parts of the state.<ref name="Srivastava1980">{{cite book|author=Meera Srivastava|title=Constitutional Crisis in the States in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DAroH5ZqPgsC&pg=PA50|year=1980|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=50|id=GGKEY:0BS5QYU7XF2}}</ref> In the [[1954 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election|second assembly election in 1954]], TTNC won 12 seats.<ref name="kerala1"/> In the same year, TTNC called for the merger of Tamil-dominated [[taluk]]s such as [[Thovalai]], [[Agastheeswaram taluk|Agasteeswaram]], [[Kalkulam]], [[Vilavancode]], [[Neyyattinkara taluk|Neyyatinkara]], [[Shenkottai taluk|Shenkottai]], [[Devikulam]] and [[Peerumadu]] with [[Madras state]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.theweekendleader.com/Causes/912/Idukki-for-TN.html | title=Historically and demographically, Peermedu and Devikulam taluks belong to TN | work=The weekendleader | date=6 January 2012 | access-date=3 February 2014}}</ref> In August 1954, a street protest organised by the TTNC in support of these mergers took a violent turn. Police attempting to maintain control opened fire on protesters. Four people were killed and about a dozen sustained injuries.<ref name="Manisha2010">{{cite book|author=Manisha|title=Profiles of Indian Prime Ministers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lSCyVxEg2t4C&pg=PA311|year=2010|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-976-8|page=311}}</ref>

Following the recommendations of the [[States Reorganisation Commission]], the ''[[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]'' restructured Indian regional jurisdictions. In this process, some Tamil regions (present day [[Kanyakumari district]]{{efn|Kanyakumari district consists of former Travancore taluks such as Agastheeswaram, Kallkkulam, Thovalai and Vilavancode<ref name="Nagercoil" />}}) of Travancore-Cochin merged with Madras state (present day [[Tamil Nadu]]{{efn|Madras state renamed as Tamil Nadu on 14 January 1969<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/history/history.htm | title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly History | publisher=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly | access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref>}}) on 1 November 1956.<ref name="Nagercoil">{{cite web | url=http://www.tn.gov.in/district_details/573 | title=Nagercoil | publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu | access-date=18 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/Floral-tributes-on-Kumari-TN-merger-day-to-Nesamony/2013/11/01/article1867432.ece | title=Floral tributes on Kumari-TN merger day to Nesamony | work=The New Indian Express | date=1 November 2011 | access-date=3 February 2014 | quote=November 1, the day of merger of Kanyakumari district with Tamil Nadu}}</ref> Other Tamil-majority areas remained in Travancore–Cochin, including Neyyatinkkara South, Nedumangad East, Devikulam and Peerumedu. Following this reorganisation, the Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress successfully fielded a candidate in the Travancore–Cochin state election; once in the Assembly, he lobbied for amalgamation of further Tamil areas into the Tamil Nadu state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theweekendleader.com/Causes/912/Idukki-for-TN.html#sthash.zIoI2iPJ.dpu|title=Historically and demographically, Peerumedu and Devikulam taluks belong to TNf|last=Arunachalam|first=S|date=6 January 2012|work=The Weekend Leader|access-date=20 May 2014}}</ref>

After the merger of the regions, the leaders dissolved the party in 1957 and joined the ruling Congress party.<ref name="NesamonyPeter3">{{cite book|author1=Kumari Thanthai, Marshall A. Nesamony|author2=Dr.Peter, Dr. Ivy Peter|author3=Peter|title=Liberation of the Oppressed a Continuous Struggle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p_nHft2p3moC&pg=PA130|publisher=History Kanyakumari District|page=130|id=GGKEY:4WSDDCN93JK}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

[[Category:Political parties in Travancore–Cochin]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in India]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1947]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 1957]]
[[Category:1947 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1957 disestablishments in India]]

Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress - Revision history

->JJMC89 bot III: Moving :Category:Political parties in Travancore-Cochin to :Category:Political parties in Travancore–Cochin per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2021 March 21#Travancore–Cochin