LinetteFisher: fixes

2026-03-15T04:17:32Z

fixes

imported>Orenburg1: ce

2021-08-19T15:22:35Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
[[File:Chennai Central D.jpg|thumb|320x320px|[[Chennai Central railway station|Chennai Central]], one of the busiest railway stations of India|alt=]]{{short description|Article about modes of transportation in an Indian state}}
{{Life in Tamil Nadu}}
[[Tamil Nadu]], a state in [[South India]], has a highly developed, dense, and modern transportation infrastructure, encompassing both public and private transport. Its capital city, [[Chennai]] is well-connected by land, sea, and air and serves as a major hub for entry into South India.[[File:Highway Network of Tamil Nadu.png|thumb|200px|Map indicating Highways network of [[Tamil Nadu]]]]
[[File:A village scene from the Mango Orange Village.jpg|thumbnail|An Autorickshaw in [[Mango Orange]] village, Tamil Nadu|alt=|263x263px]][[File:NH 67 in Thanjavur.jpg|thumb|200px|NH 67 in [[Thanjavur]]]]
[[File:Kathipara.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Kathipara Junction|Kathipara flyover]] is one of the largest [[Cloverleaf interchange]]s in [[South Asia]]]]
[[File:Pamban-bridge.JPG|thumb|200px|Pamban road (left) and rail (right) bridges, connecting the Indian mainland with the [[Pamban Island]]]]
[[File:Chennai bus.jpg|thumb|200px|A MTC [[Volvo B7RLE]] in [[Chennai]]]]
[[File:MTC Bus 21G.JPG|alt=|thumb|200x200px|low floor mtc bus in [[Coimbatore|chennai]]]]
[[File:Acbus2.jpg|thumb|200px|An air conditioned bus operated by SETC]]
[[File:Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus.jpg|thumb|200px|[[CMBT]] in [[Chennai]], one of the largest bus stations in Asia]]
[[File:Velachery Railway station June 2010.jpg|thumb|200px|Mass Rapid Transit System in [[Chennai]]]]
[[File:Chennai metro during trail run.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Chennai Metro]]]]
[[File:Chennai airport front view.jpeg|thumb|200px|[[Chennai International Airport]], one of the busiest airports in [[South Asia]]]]
[[File:Cbe.PNG|thumb|200px|[[Coimbatore International Airport]], second busiest airport in the state]]
[[File:Madras Port In 1996.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Chennai Port]], busiest port in the east coast of India]]

== Roadways ==

=== Roads in Tamil Nadu ===
{{Main|Road network in Tamil Nadu}}
{{Category see also|Roads in Tamil Nadu}}
[[Tamil Nadu]] has an extensive road network. The state road network covers about 153 km per 100 km<sup>2</sup> area, which is higher than the country's average road network coverage of 103 km per 100 km<sup>2</sup> area. A separate Highways Department (HD) was established in April 1946 and the same has been renamed as [[Department of Highways and Minor Ports (Tamil Nadu)|Highways & Minor Ports Department (HMPD)]] on 30 October 2008.<ref name="TNGov">{{Cite web| url= http://www.tn.gov.in/gorders/par/par_e_202_2008.pdf | title= Highways Department renamed as Highways and Minor Ports Department| author= Government of Tamil Nadu | access-date=15 July 2010}}</ref> HMPD of Tamil Nadu is primarily responsible for construction and maintenance of roads including [[List of National Highways in India#Tamil Nadu|national highways]], state highways and major district roads in Tamil Nadu. It operates through 7 wings namely National Highways Wing, Construction & Maintenance Wing, NABARD and Rural Roads Wing, Projects Wing, Metro Wing, Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project Wing, Investigation and Designs Wing geographically spread across the state in 35 districts with about 120 divisions and 450 subdivisions.<ref name="TNHWYs">{{Cite web | url= http://www.tnhighways.org/org.htm | title= Wings of Highways Department | author= Highways Department, Government of Tamil Nadu | access-date= 15 July 2010 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100722142908/http://www.tnhighways.org/org.htm | archive-date= 22 July 2010 }}</ref>

=== National Highways ===
{{See also|Highways of Tamil Nadu#National Highways|l1=National Highways}}
{{Category see also|National Highways in Tamil Nadu}}

In Tamil Nadu, ‘’National Highways Wing’’ of Highways & Minor Ports Department was established in the year 1971 to look after the works of improving, maintaining and renewing of National Highways laid down by National Highways Authority of India [[National Highways Authority of India|(NHAI)]].<ref name="tnhighways">{{Cite web | url= http://www.tnhighways.org/nh.htm | title= National Highways wing | author= Tamil Nadu Highways Department | access-date= 15 July 2010 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110303215957/http://www.tnhighways.org/nh.htm | archive-date= 3 March 2011 }}</ref> [[National Highway 47 (India)|NH 47]], [[National Highway 49 (India)|NH 49]], [[NH 208]] and [[NH 220]] connects [[Tamil Nadu]] with [[Kerala]]. [[NH 67]], [[NH 207]] and [[NH 209]] connects Tamil Nadu with Karnataka. [[NH 205]], [[NH 219]] and [[National Highway 234 (India)|NH 234]] connects [[Tamil Nadu]] with [[Andhra Pradesh]]. [[National Highway 4 (India, old numbering)|NH 4]] connects [[Tamil Nadu]] with [[Maharashtra]], [[Karnataka]], and [[Andhra Pradesh]]. [[National Highway 5 (India)(old numbering)|NH 5]] connects [[Tamil Nadu]] with [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]]. [[NH 44]] connects [[Tamil Nadu]] with [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[Haryana]], [[Delhi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Maharashtra]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], and [[Karnataka]]. [[NH 66]] connects [[Tamil Nadu]] with [[Karnataka]] and [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]].<ref name="ssDFdhukY">{{Cite web| url= http://morth.nic.in/index3.asp?langid=2&sublink2id=359 | title= National Highways in Tamil Nadu | publisher= Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India | access-date=15 July 2010}}</ref>

=== State Highways ===
{{See also|Highways of Tamil Nadu#State Highways|l1=State Highways}}
{{Category see also|State highways in Tamil Nadu}}
Roads which connects [[district]] headquarters, important towns and the [[National Highway (India)|National Highways]] in the State and neighboring States are declared as '''State Highways'''. Construction & Maintenance wing of Highways Department looks after Construction, Maintenance of all the State Highways (SH), Major District Roads (MDR), Other District Roads (ODR). Tamil Nadu State Highways Network has 7 circles namely [[Chennai]], [[Coimbatore]], [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]], [[Trichy]], [[Madurai]] and [[Tirunelveli]].<ref name="TNHighway">{{cite web| url= http://www.tnhighways.org/cir.htm| title= Highways Circle of Highways Department, Tamil Nadu| author= Highways Department, Government of Tamil Nadu| access-date= 15 July 2010| url-status= dead| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20021224184615/http://www.tnhighways.org/cir.htm| archive-date= 24 December 2002}}</ref>

=== Other Roads ===
This category includes Major District Roads, Other District Roads (ODR), Rural & Sugarcane Roads and Special Roads such as [[East Coast Road]], [[Rajiv Gandhi Salai|Rajiv Gandhi Salai / IT Expressway]], Ennore-Manali Road Improvement Project (EMRIP), [[Chennai Port – Maduravoyal Expressway]] and [[Outer Ring Road, Chennai|Outer Ring Road Project]]. This Roads provides linkage between production and marketing centers within a district. It also provides connectivity for district & taluk headquarters.

The East Coast Road was the first project implemented by Tamil Nadu Road Development Company (TNRDC) in the year 2002 which runs from Chennai till outskirts of Puduchery for a total length of {{convert|113.2|km}}. The {{convert|19|km}} long Chennai Port – Maduravoyal Expressway is being developed by Chennai Port Trust and Government of Tamil Nadu on 50:50 cost sharing basis at cost of {{INRConvert|1655|c}}. The {{convert|62|km}} long Outer Ring Road with six lanes from Vandalur to Minjur is the project developed at a cost of {{INRConvert|1000|c}} in two phases.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+'''Tamil Nadu Road Network'''
!Class!!Length (km)
|-
|[[National Highway (India)|National highways]]/[[Controlled-access highway|expressways]]||align="right"|4,873
|-
|[[State Highway (India)|State highways]]||align="right"|9,384
|-
|Major district roads||align="right"|11,288
|-
|Other district roads & sugarcane roads||align="right"|36,096
|-
|Panchayat roads and other departments roads||align="right"|1,37,399
|-
|'''Total (approx)'''||align="right"|'''1,99,040'''
|}

=== Public Transport ===

[[Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation]] (TNSTC) is the [[public transport]] bus operator of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]].<ref>http://www.tn.gov.in/transport/cbedivone.htm</ref> It operates buses along intra and inter state bus routes, as well as city routes. TNSTC is the largest government bus transport corporation in India. There are currently 8 divisions in TNSTC including Metropolitan Transport Corporation in [[Chennai]] and State Express Transport Corporation.

[[State Express Transport Corporation (Tamil Nadu)|State Express Transport Corporation Limited]] (SETC) formerly known as Thiruvalluvar Transport Corporation runs long distance express services exceeding 250 km and above throughout the state of Tamil Nadu linking all important capital cities, historical places, religious places and commercial places etc., and adjoining states of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]] and the Union Territory of [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]. SETC provides advance booking and reservation on all of its routes. SETC operates buses of various classes of services such as semi-deluxe, ultra-deluxe and air-conditioned. [[CMBT]] in [[Chennai]], operated by transport department is one of the largest bus stations in Asia.

=== Private Transport ===
[[Chennai]] is home to around 35-40% of India's total automobile industry and hence it is known as the [[Detroit]] of Asia. It will become one of the world's largest auto hubs by 2016 with a capacity of over 3 million cars annually. [[Tamil Nadu]] has over 17.5 million registered vehicles with nearly 730% growth over the last two decades.<ref>http://archive.asianage.com/chennai/175-crore-vehicles-crowd-tamil-nadu-roads-831</ref> Private bus services are operated in both short and long haul routes by mofussil bus operators.

== Railways ==
{{Main|Southern Railway zone}}

Tamil Nadu has a good rail network as part of [[Southern Railway (India)|Southern Railway]]. Headquartered at [[Chennai]], the [[Southern Railway Zone (India)|Southern Railway]] network extends over a large area of India's Southern Peninsula, covering the states of Tamil Nadu, [[Kerala]], [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]], a small portions of [[Karnataka]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]]. Tamil Nadu has a total railway track length of {{convert|5952|km|0|abbr=on}} and there are 532 railway stations in the state.<ref name="tnrail">[http://www.tn.gov.in/misc/tnataglance.htm#ROAD%20AND%20TRANSPORT Tamil Nadu Railway Statistics].</ref> The system connects it with most major cities in India. Main rail junctions in the state include [[Chennai]], [[Madurai]], [[Coimbatore]], [[Erode]], [[Tiruchirapalli]] and [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]].

=== Mass Rapid Transit System ===
{{Main|Mass Rapid Transit System (Chennai)}}

Chennai, India's fourth-largest urban agglomeration, has a well-established suburban railway network, which dates back to 1931, when services began on the metre-gauge line from Beach to Tambaram. The [[Mass Rapid Transit System (Chennai)|Mass Rapid Transit System]] (MRTS) is an elevated line of the urban mass transit system (metro-like cityrail) in Chennai (Madras), India. The line currently runs within city from Chennai Beach (Madras Beach) to [[Velachery]], covering a distance of 25 km with 21 stations. Despite full technical and logical separation from the [[Chennai Suburban Railway]], the MRTS is operated by the state-owned Southern Railway (SR), a zone of [[Indian Railways]].

=== Chennai Metro ===
{{Main|Chennai Metro}}
The [[Chennai Metro]] is a rapid transit rail system in the Tamil Nadu capital city of [[Chennai]]. The Phase I of the project consisting of two corridors is under construction. The elevated section of the project was scheduled to be operational by 2011 and the entire project was scheduled to be completed by the financial year 2014-2015. About 55% of the corridors in Phase I is underground and the remaining elevated. The project is estimated to cost around 14,600 crore (US$3.17 billion) for the two corridors totaling 55 km.

== Airways ==
Tamil Nadu has a major international airport [[Chennai International Airport]], which is the fourth busiest airport by passenger traffic and is the third largest cargo hub in India. Other international airports present in the state are [[Coimbatore International Airport]] and [[Tiruchirapalli International Airport]]. [[Madurai Airport]] is a [[customs airport]] with limited international flights. [[Neyveli Airport]], [[Salem Airport (India)|Salem Airport]] and [[Tuticorin Airport]] are domestic airports. Increased industrial activity has given rise to an increase in passenger traffic as well as freight movement which has been growing at over 18 per cent per year.<ref name="tntransport">{{cite web|url=http://www.indiainbusiness.nic.in/indian-states/tamilnadu/EconoInfra.htm|title=Transportation in Tamil Nadu|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070225103911/http://www.indiainbusiness.nic.in/indian-states/tamilnadu/EconoInfra.htm|archive-date=2007-02-25}}</ref>

== Waterways ==
{{See|Coastline of Tamil Nadu}}
Tamil Nadu has three major [[seaport]]s at [[Chennai Port|Chennai]], [[Ennore Port|Ennore]], [[Tuticorin Port Trust|Thoothukudi]]. There are 11 other ports.<ref name=Info>{{cite web|url=http://iomenvis.nic.in/index3.aspx?sslid=882&subsublinkid=111&langid=1&mid=1|title=Centre for Coastal Zone Management and Coastal Shelter Belt|publisher= Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University Chennai, Sponsored by Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Govt of India|access-date=22 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="tnstat">{{cite web|url=http://india.gov.in/knowindia/st_tamilnadu.php |title=Tamil Nadu - States and Union Territories - Know India: National Portal of India |publisher=India.gov.in |date=2009-03-31 |access-date=2010-11-04}}</ref> Chennai Port is an artificial harbor situated on the Coromandel coast and is India's second busiest container hub, handling general industrial cargo, automobiles, etc.<ref>{{cite news
| url = http://app.mfa.gov.sg/pr/read_content.asp?View,4753,
| publisher = Business Times
| title = Gateway to India for Singapore firms
| date = 6 July 2006
| access-date = 2007-09-13}}</ref> Ennore Port handles all the coal and ore traffic in Tamil Nadu.<ref name="ennoreport">[http://www.ennoreport.gov.in/ Official website for Ennore Port].</ref><ref name="tutiport">[http://www.tuticorinport.gov.in/ Official website for Tuticorin Port] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080731210325/http://www.tuticorinport.gov.in/ |date=2008-07-31 }}.</ref>

==See also==

* [[Transport in India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Transport in Tamil Nadu}}
{{Transport in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Transport in Tamil Nadu}}
[[Category:Transport in Tamil Nadu| ]]
[[Category:Transport in India by state or union territory]]

Transport in Tamil Nadu - Revision history

LinetteFisher: fixes

imported>Orenburg1: ce