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{{Short description|Patient endurance of suffering}}
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{{Hinduism}}
'''''Titiksha''''' or ''titikṣā'' ([[Sanskrit]]: तितिक्षा 'forbearance'<ref>Feuerstein 2011{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}</ref>) is defined by the ''[[Hamsa Gita|Uddhava Gita]]'' as the "patient endurance of suffering."<ref>Chapter 14, Verse 36</ref> In [[Vedanta philosophy]] it is the bearing with indifference all opposites such as pleasure and pain, heat and cold, expectation of reward and punishment, accruement or gain and loss, vanity and envy, resentment and deprecation, fame and obscurity, lavishness and obeisance, pride and egotism, virtue-respect and vice-respect, birth and death, happiness, safety, comfort, restlessness and boredom, affection and bereavement or infatuation, attachment and desire etc. Being entirely responsible for encouragement and/or reproach for ones own personal behaviour, past behaviour, the frame of mind and esteem. It is one of the six qualities, devotions, jewels or divine bounties beginning with [[Samatva|Sama]], the repression, alleviating or release of the inward sense called [[Manas (Vedanta philosophy)|Manas]]. Another quality is [[Temperance (virtue)#Hinduism|Dama]], the renunciation of behaviours or utilizing self-control with moderation, with correct discrimination and without aversion.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Vedanta Philosophy of Shankaracharya|author=Charles Johnston|date=29 September 2014|publisher=Kshetra Books|page=281|isbn=9781495946691|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FHumBAAAQBAJ&q=titiksha&pg=PA281}}</ref>

[[Adi Shankara|Shankara]] defines Titiksha in the following words:

:सहनं सर्वदुःखानामऽप्रतिकारपूर्वकम् |
:चिन्ताविलापरहितं सा तितिक्षा निगद्यते ||

:"Endurance of all afflictions without countering aids, and without [[anxiety]] or lament is said to be ''titiksha''." ([[Vivekachudamani]] 25)

By speaking of ''titiksha'' as endurance without anxiety or lament and without external aids, Shankara refers to such ''titiksha'' as the means to inquiry into [[Brahman]], for a mind which is subject to anxiety and lament is unfit for conducting this kind of inquiry.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sri Sankara's Vivekacudamani|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|page=39}}</ref> [[Vivekananda]] explains that forbearance of all misery, without even a thought of resisting or driving it out, without even any painful feeling in the mind, or any remorse is ''titiksha''.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda (Vol.1)|year=1962|publisher=Kartindo|page=360|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=q8uMAwAAQBAJ&q=titiksha&pg=PA360}}</ref>

The practice of [[Yoga]] makes a person inwardly even-minded and cheerful. The very act of calming emotional reactions develops a better ability to influence outer circumstances, therefore, ''titiksha'' does not make one apathetic or dull; it is the first step to interiorizing the mind, and to bringing its reactions under control. The important way of practising ''titiksha'' is to watch the breath (''parahara'') which practice leads to the practice of meditation proper.<ref>{{cite book|title=Super Consciousness: A Guide to Meditation|author=J.Donald Walters|year=1998|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|page=193|isbn=9788120814479|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=GNAeqMLtYyEC&q=titiksha&pg=PA193}}</ref> [[Prakrti]] (matter or nature) shows the way to titiksha, the creative principle of life – just as inertia is a property of matter.<ref>{{cite book|title=Hinduism and Its Dynamism|author=Raushan Nath|year=1983|publisher=D.K.Publishers|page=13|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=oXTXAAAAMAAJ&q=titiksha }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Indian Philosophy|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Yoga concepts]]
[[Category:Vedas]]

[[Category:Vedanta]]
[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]

Titiksha - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article