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{{Short description|Family of small passerine birds}}
{{Other uses|Tit (disambiguation){{!}}Tit}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Tit
| image = Lophophanes cristatus -Aviemore, Scotland-8 (2).jpg
| image_caption = [[Crested tit]] in [[Scotland]]
| taxon = Paridae
| authority = [[Nicholas Aylward Vigors|Vigors]], 1825
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision = 5–10, see text.
| range_map = Paridae Distribution.PNG
| range_map_caption = Global range (In green)
| synonyms = See text
}}

The '''tits''', [[chickadees]], and [[Titmouse|titmice]] constitute the '''Paridae''', a large family of small [[passerine]] [[bird]]s which occur mainly in the [[Northern Hemisphere]] and [[Africa]]. Most were formerly classified in the genus ''Parus''.

Members of this family are commonly referred to as "tits" throughout much of the English-speaking world, but North American species are called either "chickadees" ([[onomatopoeic]], derived from their distinctive "chick-a dee dee dee" [[alarm call]])<ref name = "Merriam"/> or "titmice". The name titmouse is recorded from the 14th century, composed of the [[Old English language|Old English]] name for the bird, ''mase'' ([[Proto-Germanic]] ''*maison'', [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ''mees'', [[German language|German]] ''Meise''), and tit, denoting something small. The former spelling, "titmose", was influenced by ''[[mouse]]'' in the 16th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=titmouse&searchmode=term |website=Online Etymology Dictionary |title=titmouse (n.) |access-date=2015-04-28 |author=Douglas Harper (© 2001-2015)}}</ref> Emigrants to [[New Zealand]] presumably identified some of the superficially similar birds of the genus ''[[Petroica]]'' of the family Petroicidae, the Australian robins, as members of the tit family, giving them the title [[tomtit]], although, in fact, they are not related.

These birds are mainly small, stocky, woodland [[species]] with short, stout [[Beak|bills]]. Some have crests. They range in length from {{convert|10|to|22|cm|in|abbr=on}}. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.<ref name=EoB>{{cite book |editor=Forshaw, Joseph|author= Perrins, C.|year=1991|title=Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds|publisher= Merehurst Press|location=London|pages= 202–203|isbn= 1-85391-186-0}}</ref> Many species live around human habitation and come readily to [[bird feeder]]s for nuts or seed, and learn to take other foods.

==Description==
With the exception of the three monotypic genera ''Sylviparus'', ''Melanochlora'', and ''Pseudopodoces'', the tits are extremely similar in appearance, and have been described as "one of the most conservative avian families in terms of general morphology".<ref>Gosler & Clement (2007) P.669</ref> The typical body length of adult members of the family is between {{convert|10|and|16|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length; when the monotypic genera are added, this range is from {{convert|9|to|21|cm|in|abbr=on}}. In weight, the family ranges from {{convert|5|to|49|g|oz|abbr=on}}; this contracts to {{convert|7|to|29|g|oz|abbr=on}} when the three atypical genera are removed. The majority of the variation within the family is in [[plumage]], and particularly colour.<ref name ="HBW"/>

The [[beak|bills]] of the tits are generally short, varying between stout and fine, depending on diet. The more insectivorous species have finer bills, whereas those that consume more seeds have stouter bills. It is said that tits are evolving longer beaks to reach into bird feeders.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/10/great-tits-birds-feeders-evolution-beaks/ | title=Great Tits May be Evolving Bigger Beaks. Here's Why | date=19 October 2017 }}</ref> The most aberrant bill of the family is possessed by [[Hume's ground tit]] of Tibet and the Himalayas, which is long and decurved.<ref name ="HBW"/>

==Distribution and habitat==
[[File:Tufted Titmouse-27527-2.jpg|thumb|The [[tufted titmouse]] is restricted to North America.]]
The tits are a widespread family of birds, occurring over most of Europe, Asia, North America, and Africa. The genus ''[[Poecile]]'' occurs from Europe through Asia into North America, as far south as southern [[Mexico]]. American species in this genus are known as chickadees. Some species in this genus have quite large natural distributions; one, the [[grey-headed chickadee]], is distributed from Scandinavia to Alaska and Canada. The majority of the tits in the genus ''[[Periparus]]'' are found in the southeastern portion of Asia. This includes two species [[endemism|endemic]] to the [[Philippines]]. The [[coal tit]], also in this genus, is a much more widespread species, ranging from the British Isles and North Africa to Japan. The two crested tits of the genus ''[[Lophophanes]]'' have a disjunct distribution, with one species occurring in Europe and the other in central Asia.<ref name ="HBW"/>

The genus ''[[Baeolophus]]'' is endemic to North America. The genus ''[[Parus]]'' includes the [[great tit]] that ranges from Western Europe to Indonesia. ''[[Cyanistes]]'' has a European and Asian distribution (also into northern Africa), and the three remaining genera, ''[[Pseudopodoces]]'', ''[[Sylviparus]]'', and ''[[Melanochlora]]'', are all restricted to Asia.<ref name ="HBW"/>

==Behaviour==
Tits are active, noisy, and social birds. They are [[territory (animal)|territorial]] during the breeding season and often join [[mixed-species feeding flock]]s during the nonbreeding season. The tits are highly adaptable, and after the [[Corvidae|corvids]] (crows and jays) and [[parrot]]s, amongst the most intelligent of all birds.<ref name ="HBW">{{Cite book | first1 = Andrew | last1 = Gosler | first2 = Peter | last2 = Clement | editor-first = Josep | editor-last = del Hoyo | editor2-first = Andrew | editor2-last = Elliott | editor3-first = David | editor3-last = Christie | contribution = Family Paridae (Tits and Chickadees) | title = Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees | year = 2007 | pages = 662–709| place = Barcelona | publisher = Lynx Edicions | isbn = 978-84-96553-42-2 }}</ref>

===Fission–fusion society===
[[Fission–fusion society]] has been documented in a number of avian taxa including this one.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kendra|first1=Sewall|title=Social Complexity as a Driver of Communication and Cognition.|journal=Integrative and Comparative Biology|date=2015|volume=55|issue=3|pages=384–395|doi=10.1093/icb/icv064|pmid=26078368|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Alpin|first1=L. M.|last2=Farine|first2=D. R.|last3=Morand-Ferron|first3=J.|last4=Cole|first4=E. F.|last5=Cockburn|first5=A.|last6=Sheldon|first6=B. C.|title=Individual personalities predict social behaviour in wild networks of great tits (Parus major)|journal=Ecology Letters|date=2013|volume=16|issue=11|pages=1365–1372|doi=10.1111/ele.12181|pmid=24047530|hdl=1885/66143|s2cid=3400989 |hdl-access=free}}{{dead link|date=February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2022-08-15 |title=Tufted Titmouse - Best Facts 2022 |url=https://birdsatfirstsight.com/the-tufted-titmouse/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=Birds At First Sight |language=en-US}}</ref>In brief, that means flocks can split into smaller groups or individuals, and subsequently reunite.

===Vocalisations===
[[File:Parus major.ogg|thumb|A [[great tit]] calling in [[Finland]].]]
The tits make a variety of [[Bird vocalization|calls and songs]]. They are amongst the most vocal of all birds, calling continuously in most situations, so much so that they are only ever silent for specific reasons such as avoiding predators or when intruding on a rival's territory. Quiet contact calls are made while feeding to facilitate cohesion with others in their social group.<ref name ="HBW"/> Other calls are used for signalling alarm—a well-known example being the "chic-a-dee-dee" of North American species in the genus ''Poecile'', the call which gives them their local common name, the chickadee. The call also serves as a rallying call to summon others to mob and harass the predator. The number of "dee" syllables at the end of the call increases with the level of danger the predator poses.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Templeton|first1=Christopher|last2=Greene|first2=Erick|first3=Kate |last3=Davis|year=2005|title=Allometry of Alarm Calls: Black-Capped Chickadees Encode Information About Predator Size|journal=Science|pmid=15976305|volume=308|issue=5730|pages=1934–1937 | doi = 10.1126/science.1108841|bibcode=2005Sci...308.1934T|s2cid=42276496}}</ref>

===Diet and feeding===
[[File:Marsh tit, Leighton Moss, December 2008.jpg|thumb|Hold-hammering is a common way for the family to deal with food items.]]
[[File:CyanistesCaeruleusWithForage.jpg|thumb|[[Blue tit]] with prey item]]
The tits are generalist [[insectivores]] that consume a wide range of small insects and other invertebrates, particularly small defoliating caterpillars. They also consume [[seed]]s and nuts, particularly in the winter. One characteristic method of foraging in the family is hanging, where they inspect a branch or twig and leaves from all angles while hanging upside down to feed.<ref name ="HBW"/> In areas where numerous species of tit coexist, different species forage in different parts of the tree, their niche determined in no small way by their morphology; larger species forage on the ground, medium-sized species foraging on larger branches, and the smallest species on the ends of branches. Having obtained larger prey items or seeds, tits engage in hold-hammering, where they hold the item between their feet and hammer it with their bill until it opens. In this fashion, they can even open [[hazelnut]]s in around 20 minutes. A number of genera engage in food caching, hoarding supplies of food during the winter.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.2307/1939354 | last1 = Jokinen | first1 = S | last2 = Suhonen | first2 = J | year = 1995 | title = Food Caching By Willow and Crested Tits: A Test of Scatterhoarding Models | jstor = 1939354| journal = Ecology | volume = 76 | issue = 3| pages = 892–898 }}</ref>

===Breeding===
Tits are cavity-nesting birds, typically using trees, although ''Pseudopodoces''<ref>[http://si-pddr.si.edu/jspui/bitstream/10088/1758/3/VZ_321.Pseudopodoces.pdf "Pseudopodoces humilis, a misclassified terrestrial tit (Paridae) of the Tibetan Plateau: evolutionary consequences of shifting adaptive zones"]</ref> builds a nest on the ground. Most tree-nesting tits excavate their nests,<ref>Mönkkönen, Mikko and Orell, Markku; "Clutch Size and Cavity Excavation in Parids (Paridae): The Limited Breeding Opportunities Hypothesis Tested" in ''[[The American Naturalist]]'', Vol. 149, No. 6 (June 1997), pp. 1164–1174</ref> and [[avian clutch size|clutch size]]s are generally large for altricial birds, ranging from usually two eggs in the [[rufous-vented tit]] of the Himalayas to as many as 10 to 14 in the blue tit of Europe.<ref>[http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060303#pbio-0060303-st001 "List of Species and Data Sources Used for Geographic Distributions and Data on Clutch Sizes and Intrinsic Variables"]</ref><ref name="population">Newton, Ian; ''Population Limitation in Birds''; p. 25. {{ISBN|9780125173667}}</ref> In favourable conditions, this species had laid as many as 19 eggs, which is the largest clutch of any altricial bird.<ref name=EoB/> Most tits are multibrooded, a necessary strategy to cope with either the harsh winters in which they reside in the Holarctic or the extremely erratic conditions of tropical Africa,<ref name="population"/> where typically a single pair cannot find enough food to rear even one nestling and in drought years breeding is likely to be futile.

Many African tit species, along with ''Pseudopodoces'', are [[cooperative breeders]],<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/j.1474-919X.2011.01115.x | volume=153 | issue=2 | title=Geographical variation in patterns of parentage and relatedness in the co-operatively breeding Ground Tit Parus humilis | year=2011 | journal=Ibis | pages=373–383 | last1 = Johannessen | first1 = Lars E.}}</ref> and even pair-breeding parids are often highly social and maintain stable flocks throughout the nonbreeding season.<ref>Stacey, Peter B. and Ligon, J. David; "The Benefits-of-Philopatry Hypothesis for the Evolution of Cooperative Breeding: Variation in Territory Quality and Group Size Effects" in ''[[The American Naturalist]]'', Vol. 137, No. 6 (Jun., 1991), pp. 831–846</ref>

Tits also have a variety of methods for attracting mates, primarily through their intricate, bouncing mating dance. Only the blue tit is typically polygynous; all other species are generally monogamous.<ref>{{cite journal | pmc = 1688915 | pages=445–450 | volume=265 | issue=1395 | journal=Proc Biol Sci | title=Ultraviolet sexual dimorphism and assortative mating in blue tits | doi=10.1098/rspb.1998.0315| year=1998 | last1=Andersson | first1=S | last2=Rnborg | first2=J | last3=Andersson | first3=M }}</ref> Courtship feeding is typical of pair-breeding tits to deal with the cost of rearing their large broods.

==Systematics==
[[Image:Parus palustris02.jpg|thumb|The [[marsh tit]] was once placed in the genus ''Parus'', but has now been moved to the genus ''Poecile''.]]
Recently, the large ''Parus'' group has been gradually split into several genera (as indicated below), initially by [[North America]]n ornithological authorities and later elsewhere. Whereas in the mid-1990s, only ''Pseudopodoces'', ''Baeolophus'', ''Melanochlora'', and ''Sylviparus'' were considered well-supported by the available data as distinct from ''Parus''.<ref>Harrap, Simon & Quinn, David (1996): ''Tits, Nuthatches & Treecreepers''. [[Helm Identification Guides|Christopher Helm]], London. {{ISBN|0-7136-3964-4}}</ref> Today, this arrangement is considered [[paraphyletic]] as indicated by [[mtDNA]] [[cytochrome b|cytochrome ''b'']] [[DNA sequence|sequence]] analysis, and ''Parus'' is best restricted to the ''Parus major''—''Parus fasciiventer'' [[clade]], and even the latter species' closest relatives might be considered a distinct genus.<ref name ="Gill">{{cite journal | last1 = Gill | first1 = Frank B. | last2 = Slikas | first2 = Beth | last3 = Sheldon | first3 = Frederick H. | year = 2005 | title = Phylogeny of titmice (Paridae): II. Species relationships based on sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene | journal = [[Auk (journal)|Auk]] | volume = 122 | issue = 1| pages = 121–143 | doi = 10.1642/0004-8038(2005)122[0121:POTPIS]2.0.CO;2 | s2cid = 86067032 }}</ref>

In the [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]], the family Paridae is much enlarged to include related groups such as the [[penduline tit]]s and [[long-tailed tit]]s, but while the former are quite close to the tits and could conceivably be included in that family together with the [[Stenostiridae|stenostirid "warblers"]], the long-tailed tits are not. Indeed, the [[yellow-browed tit]] and the [[sultan tit]] are possibly more distant to the tits than the penduline tits are.<ref name ="Gill"/><ref name ="Jonsson">{{cite journal | last1 = Jønsson | first1 = Knud A. | last2 = Fjeldså | first2 = Jon | year = 2006 | title = Determining biogeographical patterns of dispersal and diversification in oscine passerine birds in Australia, Southeast Asia and Africa | journal = [[Journal of Biogeography|J. Biogeogr.]] | volume = 33 | issue = 7| pages = 1155–1165 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01507.x | s2cid = 84542347 }}</ref> If the two current families are lumped into the Paridae, the tits would be a [[subfamily]] '''Parinae'''.

Alternatively, all tits—save the two monotypic genera discussed in the preceding section and possibly ''Cyanistes'', but including Hume's ground tit—could be lumped in ''Parus''. In any case, four major clades of "typical" tits can be recognized: the dark-capped chickadees and their relatives (''Poecile'' including ''Sittiparus''), the long-crested ''Baeolophus'' and ''Lophophanes'' species, the usually tufted, white-cheeked ''Periparus'' (including ''Pardaliparus'') with more subdued coloration and finally ''Parus sensu stricto'' (including ''Melaniparus'' and ''Machlolophus''). Still, the interrelationship of these, as well as the relationships of many species within the clades, are not well-resolved at all; analysis of [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[biogeography]] probably gives a more robust picture than the available molecular data.<ref name ="Gill"/>

Tits have settled North America twice, probably at some time during the Early-Mid [[Pliocene]]. The first were the ancestors of ''Baeolophus'', with chickadees arriving somewhat later.<ref name ="Gill"/>

==Species in taxonomic order==
{{cladogram|caption=Phylogeny of the Paridae based on Johansson et al. 2013<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2013.06.019|pmid=23831453|title=A complete multilocus species phylogeny of the tits and chickadees (Aves: Paridae)|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=69|issue=3|pages=852–860 |year=2013|last1=Johansson|first1=Ulf S|last2=Ekman|first2=Jan|last3=Bowie|first3=Rauri C.K|last4=Halvarsson|first4=Peter|last5=Ohlson|first5=Jan I|last6=Price|first6=Trevor D|last7=Ericson|first7=Per G.P}}</ref>
|cladogram={{clade|style=font-size:75%;line-height:75%
|label1= 
|1={{clade
|1=[[Remizidae]]
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Cephalopyrus flammiceps]]''
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Sylviparus modestus]]''
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Melanochlora sultanea]]''
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|label1= 
|1={{clade
|label1= 
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Pardaliparus]]''
|2=''[[Periparus]]''
}}
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|label1= 
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Baeolophus]]''
}}
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Lophophanes]]''
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Sittiparus]]''
|2=''[[Poecile]]''
}}
}}
}}
}}
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Cyanistes]]''
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|label1= 
|1={{clade
|label1= 
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Pseudopodoces]]''
|label2= 
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Parus monticolus]]''
|2=''[[Parus major]]''
}}
}}
|2=''[[Machlolophus]]''
}}
|2=''[[Melaniparus]]''
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
[[File:Tit the bird and thanks for looking.JPG|thumb|right|Tit in a winter tree]]
[[File:Vogels door Jan van Oort (01).jpg|thumb|250px|Four different tits, although the top-right bird, the [[long-tailed tit]], is not a member of the Paridae]]
'''Family: PARIDAE'''<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | title=Waxwings and their allies, tits & penduline tits | work=World Bird List Version 6.1 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/waxwings/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union| access-date= 15 February 2016 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Image !! Genus !! Living species
|-
| [[File:Cephalopyrus flammiceps, Bhutan 1.jpg|175px]] || ''[[Cephalopyrus]]'' {{small|Bonaparte, 1854}} ||
* [[Fire-capped tit]] ''Cephalopyrus flammiceps''
|-
| [[File:Yellow-browed Tit Fambong Lho Wildlife Sanctuary Sikkim 30.03.2014.jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Sylviparus]]'' {{small|Burton, 1836}}||
* [[Yellow-browed tit]], ''Sylviparus modestus''
|-
| [[File:Sultan Tit Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary Darjeeling, West Bengal, India (cropped).jpg|175px]] || ''[[Melanochlora]]'' {{small|Lesson, 1839}} ||
* [[Sultan tit]], ''Melanochlora sultanea''
|-
| [[File:2017.01.27.-18-Paradiski-La Plagne-Champagny-en-Vanoise--Tannenmeise.jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Periparus]]'' {{small|Sélys Longchamps, 1884}}||
* [[Rufous-naped tit]], ''Periparus rufonuchalis''
* [[Rufous-vented tit]], ''Periparus rubidiventris''
* [[Coal tit]], ''Periparus ater''
|-
| [[File:Elegant Tit.jpg|175px]] || ''[[Pardaliparus]]'' {{small|Sélys Longchamps, 1884}} ||
* [[Yellow-bellied tit]], ''Pardaliparus venustulus''
* [[Elegant tit]], ''Pardaliparus elegans''
* [[Palawan tit]], ''Pardaliparus amabilis''
|-
| [[File:Messange huppée 02.jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Lophophanes]]'' {{small|Kaup, 1829}}||
* [[Crested tit]], ''Lophophanes cristatus''
* [[Grey-crested tit]], ''Lophophanes dichrous''
|-
| [[File:Bridled Titmouse (Baeolophus wollweberi) (16875140301).jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Baeolophus]]'' {{small|Cabanis, 1850}}||
* [[Bridled titmouse]], ''Baeolophus wollweberi''
* [[Oak titmouse]], ''Baeolophus inornatus''
* [[Juniper titmouse]], ''Baeolophus ridgwayi''
* [[Tufted titmouse]], ''Baeolophus bicolor''
* [[Black-crested titmouse]], ''Baeolophus atricristatus''
|-
| [[File:Poecile varius on plate.JPG|175px]] || ''[[Sittiparus]]'' {{small|Selys-Longchamps, 1884}} ||
* [[Varied tit]], ''Sittiparus varia''
* [[Owston's tit]], ''Sittiparus owstoni''
* [[Iriomote tit]], ''Sittiparus olivaceus''
* [[Chestnut-bellied tit]], ''Sittiparus castaneoventris''
* [[White-fronted tit]], ''Sittiparus semilarvatus''
|-
| [[File:Poecile montanus kleinschmidti.jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Poecile]]'' {{small|Kaup, 1829}}||
* [[White-browed tit]], ''Poecile superciliosus''
* [[Sombre tit]], ''Poecile lugubris''
* [[Père David's tit]], ''Poecile davidi''
* [[Marsh tit]], ''Poecile palustris''
* [[Caspian tit]], ''Poecile hyrcanus''
* [[Black-bibbed tit]], ''Poecile hypermelaenus''
* [[Willow tit]], ''Poecile montanus''
* [[Sichuan tit]] ''Poecile weigoldicus''
* [[Carolina chickadee]], ''Poecile carolinensis''
* [[Black-capped chickadee]], ''Poecile atricapillus''
* [[Mountain chickadee]], ''Poecile gambeli''
* [[Mexican chickadee]], ''Poecile sclateri''
* [[Grey-headed chickadee]], ''Poecile cinctus''
* [[Boreal chickadee]], ''Poecile hudsonicus''
* [[Chestnut-backed chickadee]], ''Poecile rufescens''
|-
| [[File:Eurasian blue tit Lancashire.jpg|175px]] || ''[[Cyanistes]]'' {{small|Kaup, 1829}} ||
* [[African blue tit]], ''Cyanistes teneriffae'' (formerly included in ''C. caeruleus'')
* [[Eurasian blue tit]], ''Cyanistes caeruleus''
* [[Azure tit]], ''Cyanistes cyanus''
|-
| [[File:Ground Tit north Sikkim India 16.10.2019.jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Pseudopodoces]]'' {{small|Zarudny & Loudon, 1902}}||
* [[Ground tit]], ''Pseudopodoces humilis'' (previously "Hume's ground jay" in crow family [[Corvidae]]).<ref>James, H. F. et al. (2003). ''Pseudopodoces humilis'', a misclassified terrestrial tit (Paridae) of the Tibetan Plateau: evolutionary consequences of shifting adaptive zones. ''Ibis'' 145: 185–202.[http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/birds/pdf/hfj4.pdf pdf file] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060921105947/http://www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/birds/pdf/hfj4.pdf |date=2006-09-21 }}</ref>
|-
| [[File:Great tit (Parus major), Parc du Rouge-Cloitre, Forêt de Soignes, Brussels (26194636951).jpg|175px]] || ''[[Parus]]'' {{small|Linnaeus, 1758}} ||
* [[Great tit]], ''Parus major''
* [[Japanese tit]], ''Parus minor'' (often included in ''P. major'')
* [[Cinereous tit]], ''Parus cinereus'' (split from ''P. major'')
* [[Green-backed tit]], ''Parus monticolus''
|-
| [[File:Taiwan tit.jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Machlolophus]]'' {{small|Cabanis, 1850}}||
* [[White-naped tit]], ''Machlolophus nuchalis''
* [[Yellow tit]], ''Machlolophus holsti''
* [[Himalayan black-lored tit]], ''Machlolophus xanthogenys''
* [[Indian black-lored tit]], ''Machlolophus aplonotus
* [[Yellow-cheeked tit]], ''Machlolophus spilonotus''
|-
| [[File:Parus afer -Namaqua National Park, Northern Cape, South Africa -adult-6.jpg|175px]]|| ''[[Melaniparus]]'' {{small|Bonaparte, 1850}}||
* [[White-shouldered black tit]], ''Melaniparus guineensis''
* [[White-winged black tit]], ''Melaniparus leucomelas''
* [[Southern black tit]], ''Melaniparus niger''
* [[Carp's tit]], ''Melaniparus carpi''
* [[White-bellied tit]], ''Melaniparus albiventris''
* [[White-backed black tit]], ''Melaniparus leuconotus''
* [[Dusky tit]], ''Melaniparus funereus''
* [[Rufous-bellied tit]], ''Melaniparus rufiventris''
* [[Cinnamon-breasted tit]], ''Melaniparus pallidiventris''
* [[Red-throated tit]], ''Melaniparus fringillinus''
* [[Stripe-breasted tit]], ''Melaniparus fasciiventer''
* [[Acacia tit]] or Somali Tit, ''Melaniparus thruppi''
* [[Miombo tit]], ''Melaniparus griseiventris''
* [[Ashy tit]], ''Melaniparus cinerascens''
* [[Grey tit]], ''Melaniparus afer''
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist| refs =
<ref name = "Merriam">
{{cite book
| title = The Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=IrcZEZ1bOJsC&pg=PA362
| year = 1991
| publisher = Merriam-Webster
| location = Springfield, MA, USA
| page = 362
| isbn = 0-87779-603-3 }}
</ref>
}}

==External links==

*[http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/tits-chickadees-paridae Titmouse photos & videos] on the Internet Bird Collection

{{Taxonbar|from=Q168473}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Paridae|*]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Nicholas Aylward Vigors]]

Tit (bird) - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article