imported>Wjs44: rewording sentences

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{{Copy edit|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=March 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tiruchendur
| other_name = Tirucheer Alaiwai
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = A tourist enjoy the sunrise, Tiruchendur, India.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Tiruchendur beach
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Tamil Nadu#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|8.4833|N|78.1167|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Region]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Madurai]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Thoothukudi district|Thoothukudi]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Town Panchayat
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 3
| population_total = 32,171
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = Chendoorkaran, Chendooran
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=700223|title=Census of India: Search Details|work=censusindia.gov.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304005341/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=700223 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead |access-date=2016-09-05}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 628215
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 04639
| registration_plate = '''TN-92'''( TN-69 till Jun17,2015)
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Thoothukudi]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 1000 : 1018.58 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 79%
| blank4_name_sec1 = Nearest Airport
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Thoothukudi]]
| blank5_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank5_info_sec1 = [[Thoothukudi]]<br /> Formerly with [[Tiruchendur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tiruchendur]]
| blank6_name_sec1 = [[Rajya Sabha]] constituency
| blank6_info_sec1 = [[Tiruchendur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchendur]]
| website = {{URL|www.tiruchendhur.com}}
| footnotes =
| official_name =
}}
'''Tiruchendur''' is a [[municipality]] located in the southern tip of India, in the [[Thoothukudi district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. It is home to [[Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruchendur|Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple]], also known as Tiruchendur Murugan Temple, which is one of the [[Six Abodes of Murugan|abodes of Murugan]] and one of the ancient [[Hindu]] temples dedicated to [[Kartikeya#Within India|Lord Murugan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lordmurugan.com/ |title=Welcome To Lord Murugan.com Home Page |publisher=Lordmurugan.com |access-date=2015-09-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thoothukudi.nic.in/Tiruchendur_tour.html |title=Tiruchendur |website=Thoothukudi.nic.in |access-date=2016-09-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blessingsonthenet.com/indian-temple/article/165/murugan--temple-tiruchendu|title=Murugan Temple Tiruchendu Article|website=blessingsonthenet.com|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref> Tiruchendur is well-connected by roads and railroads with the rest of Tamil Nadu and India and the nearest railway station is [[Tiruchendur railway station]]. Tiruchendur is just 53 km from [[Tirunelveli]].

==Etymology==
{{Unreferenced-section|date=May 2021}}
Tiruchendur, a temple town like many towns in the state of [[Tamil Nadu]], is named after the red soil nature of the town Senthoor. Legend has it that the name Tiruchendur originated from [[Tamil honorifics#Titular|Thiru]], meaning sacred, because it was a battleground for Lord Murugan, and Senthoor, meaning red place, because of the bloodiness of the battle.

==Geography==
[[File:Tiruchendur beach.JPG|thumb|Tiruchendur beach]]
[[File:சுப்பிரமணியசுவாமி கோயில்.jpg|thumb]]
Tiruchendur is located on the [[Coastline of Tamil Nadu|south–eastern coast]] of India in the south–eastern part of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the south-eastern shoreline of Tamil Nadu overlooking the [[Bay of Bengal]]. The soil type is majorly [[Clay]], [[Red soil]]. The suburban villages surrounding the town contain arid, red soil forests that are densely planted with palm trees, cashew plantations, and other crops part of the region.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tiruchendur.org/history.htm|title=Historical Incidents of 1639-1651|website=tiruchendur.org|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>

==Demographics==
As of the 2001 Indian [[census]], Tiruchendur had a population of 29,330.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India |url-status=dead}}</ref> Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Tiruchendur has an average literacy rate of 79%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. Male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 76%. In Tiruchendur, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

==Public Administration==
Tiruchendur Town is managed by Tiruchendur Town Panchayat which has 21 wards. It is also a [[Taluk]] headquarters, and there are 10 local bodies and 46 villages comes under the jurisdiction of [[Tiruchendur taluk]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/subdistrict/5868-tiruchendur-thoothukkudi-tamil-nadu.htm|title=Tiruchendur Thoothukkudi Tamil Nadu|url-status=dead}}{{dead link|date=May 2017}}</ref> The [[District Munsiff Court]] and Judicial Magistrate Court are located in the town.<ref>{{cite web|title=Taluk Courts {{!}} Official Website of District Court Of India|url=http://ecourts.gov.in/thoothukudi/taluk-courts|website=ecourts.gov.in|access-date=22 May 2017|language=en}}</ref> The Revenue Department is administered by Tiruchendur Tashildar and the police administration by the Deputy Superintendent of Police, Tiruchendur.

==Transport==
{{Refimprove-section|date=May 2021}}
The town is accessible by rail and road. [[Tuticorin Airport]] is about {{convert|40|km|mi|0}} from Tiruchendur.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportDetails.do?airportCode=TCR|title=(TCR) Tuticorin Airport|work=flightstats.com|access-date=2015-09-07}}</ref> There are bus connections to [[Aruppukkottai]], [[Ettayapuram]], Tuticorin, [[Kovilpatti]], [[Sankarankovil]], Madurai, Tirunelveli, Vilathi Kulam and major cities of Tamil Nadu. The town is connected to Tirunelveli by a [[broad-gauge]] train track, with a train station at Tiruchendur. The [[Chendur Express]] train runs daily between Chennai [[Chennai Egmore railway station|Egmore Junction]] and Tiruchendur. Passenger train services are also available between Tirunelveli and Tiruchendur.

==Education==
===Colleges===
* [[Aditanar College of Arts and Science]], Tiruchendur
* Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Education, Tiruchendur
* [[Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering]], Tiruchendur
* Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Nursing
* Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Physical Education, Tiruchendur
* Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar Teacher Training Institute, Tiruchendur
* [[Govindammal Aditanar College for Women]], Tiruchendur
* Wavoo Wajeeha women's college of Arts and Science.

===Schools===
* Kayalpattanam Arumuganeri Higher Secondary School
* Govt Women Higher Secondary School
* Hindu Hr.Sec.School
* Senthil Murugan Govt. Girls Higher Secondary School
* Sri Ramakrishna Higher Secondary School
* Anita Kumaran Matric Higher Secondary School
* Aparna Matic Higher Secondary school
* Mary Ann Best Girls Higher Secondary School
* Bishop Azaria memorial Higher secondary school
* Ambrose Boys Hr. Sec. School
* Elliot Tuxford Girls Higher Secondary School
* LK Higher Secondary School
* Senthil Kumaran Matriculation School
* Kanchi Sri Sankara Academy Matric Higher Secondary School
* Pearls public International School
* St. Thomas Higher Secondary School
* Senthil Raja Primary and Secondary School
* Saravanayar Primary School
* Kamlavathi Higher Secondary School
* Salma Matriculation School
* Wisdom Public School
* Arulmigu Senthil Aandavar Government Boys Higher Secondary School
* Zubaidha Higher Secondary School

==Religion==
The religion in Tiruchendur is mostly Hindu, with a significant Christian Catholic presence. A nearby town called Kayalpatnam has 90% Muslim population, with about 70,000 Muslim people.<ref name="Clothey1978">{{cite book|last=Clothey|first=Fred W.|title=The Many Faces of Murukan̲: The History and Meaning of a South Indian God|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0AevljBmCRQC&pg=PA232|year=1978|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-90-279-7632-1|pages=121– |access-date=2016-09-05}}</ref>

== Places of worship ==

===Tiruchendur Murugan Temple===
[[File:Thiruchendur Temple Rajagopuram.JPG|thumb|View of the Thiruchedur Temple gopuram]]
[[File:Tiruchendure5.jpg|thumb|Door of the temple]]
[[File:Tiruchendur Murugan Kovil.jpg|thumb|Tiruchendur Murugan Kovil]]
[[Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruchendur|Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple]], also known as Tiruchendur Murugan Temple, is an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Murugan at the site of the battle. It is one of the six major abodes, or sacred temples, of the [[Kaumaram]] religion. [[Sooranporu|Soorasamharam]], a reenactment of the victory over Sarapadman, and [[Kanda Shasti Kavasam]], a devotional song in praise of Lord Murugan are performed at the temple.

The temple, which is built near the seashore, measures {{cvt|91|m}} north to south, {{cvt|65|m}} east to west, and has a seven-tier [[gopuram]], or tower gate, that is {{cvt|42|m}} high.<ref name="Knapp2009">{{cite book|last=Knapp|first=Stephen|title=Spiritual India Handbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=djI5mL2qeocC&pg=PT387|date=2009-01-01|publisher=Jaico Publishing House|isbn=978-81-8495-024-3|pages=387–}}</ref> The principal entrance faces south, and opens into the first of two [[prakaram]]s, the first of which is lined with rows of [[Yali (mythology)|Yalis]]. The inner sanctum of the temple is in a cave and the main deity, or [[moolavar]], is Murugan as a saintly child, portrayed in a granite carving.<ref name="Clothey1978" />

Naazhi Kinaru, a sacred well fed by a freshwater spring, is located {{cvt|100|m}} south of the temple. Devotees undergo a [[Ritual purification|ritual cleansing]] by bathing in water from the well after bathing in the ocean.<ref name="Clothey1978" />

====Dutch occupation of the Tiruchendur Temple====
{{main|Dutch Occupation of the Tiruchendur Temple}}
The Murugan temple at Tiruchendur was occupied by the [[Dutch East India company]] from 1646 to 1648, during the course of their war with the Portuguese. The local people tried to free their temple, with no success. The Dutch finally vacated the temple on orders from the Naik ruler. However, while leaving, they removed the idol of the main deity of the temple, and took it with them. While they were sailing away, they encountered a strong storm and realised their mistake of stealing the idol. They dropped the idol in the middle of the sea and seen the storm stopped immediately. Later, Lord Senthil Aandavan appeared in a dream to Vadamaliyappa Pillai, an ardent devotee of Lord Muruga, and revealed the place in the sea where the idol had been abandoned. Vadamlaiyappa Pillai and Athitha Nadar, a sponsor of services in the Tiruchendur temple, went to the spot in a fishing boat and retrieved the idol in 1653. The story is shown in paintings inside the temple<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tiruchendur.org/dutch.htm|title=Dutch adventure of 1648|website=tiruchendur.org|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>

===Other temples===
* Sri Theradi Esakkiamman Kovil Tiruchendur
* [[Mutharamman Temple, Kulasekharapatnam|Kulasai Muthuramman Kovil]], kulasekarapattinam dasara festival.
* [[Avathara Pathi]], the site where [[Vishnu]] incarnated as [[Ayya Vaikundar]] and rose from the sea.
* Sri Ponvandu [[Aiyanar]] temple, in the village of Nainarpattu, near Tiruchendur.
* Chettiyapathu Sri Ainthu Veettu Swami Temple is situated at [[Udangudi|Udankudi]], {{cvt|2|km}} from Tiruchendur.

===Mosques===
* Mohideen Masjid

==Festivals and rituals==
Festivals are celebrated throughout the year at the temple including Brahmothsavam in the month of Maasi, Vasanthotsavam for 10 days in Chithirai, Vaikasi Visakam for 12 days and [[Kanda Shasti Kavasam|Skandha Sashti]] in Aippasi. There are two Maha Utsavams called Aavani perunthirunaal and Maasi perunthirunaal conducted and celebrated during Aavani and Maasi. These 12-day festivals occur twice every year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tiruchendur.org/festivals.htm|title=Tiruchendur's Annual Festivals|last=Pillai|first=J.M. Somasundaram|website=tiruchendur.org|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>

===Masi Thiruvizha===
{{Unreferenced-section|date=May 2021}}
[[File:Tiruchendure4.jpg|thumb|Tiruchendur]]
Several [[lakh]] of people congregate for Masi Thiruvizha, a 12-day festival at Tiruchendur. The Kayamozhi Athitha Nadarhal Arakattalai Mandahapadi committee organises functions on the sixth and seventh days of the festival. On the tenth day of the festival, the presiding Lord of the Tiruchendur temple makes a special appearance in [[Thirunelveli]] Dakshinamara [[Nadar Mahajana Sangam|Nadar Sangam]], in Sannidhi Street.

Several thousand devotees worship at the Masi Magam festival of the Sri Subramaniawamy temple at Tiruchendur. The festival was inaugurated by the Athitha Nadar clan several centuries ago and includes ritual performances, like Pali-vidalai eridhal.

===Aippasi Subramaniya Swami's marriage ritual===
In the month of [[Tamil calendar|Aippasi]], when the ritual for Lord Subramaniya's marriage, in Tamil termed as Subramaniya Swami Thirukalyanam, is performed, Athitha Nadars perform the ritual for the groom side, offering Thirumangalyam and the wedding feast. The bride's side wedding feast is arranged by [[Nattathi Nadar]]s the next day.

==Politics==
The Tiruchendur assembly constituency was part of the [[Tiruchendur (Lok Sabha constituency)]] until 2009.<ref name="constituencies1">{{cite web
| url = http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf
| title = List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies
| work = Tamil Nadu
| publisher = Election Commission of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304010951/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf |archive-date=2009-03-04| access-date=2016-09-05}}</ref> After dissolution of the Lok Sabha constituency in May 2009, the constituency was aligned with the Tuticorin Lok Sabha constituency. The current member of the legislative assembly (MLA) to Tamil Nadu assembly, elected by the general election 2021, is [[Anitha R. Radhakrishnan]] of [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/15thassembly/members/201_234.html|title=15th Assembly Members|website=www.assembly.tn.gov.in|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Virapandianpatnam]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091027062928/http://geocities.com/tiruchendurnagaraviduthi/ Tiruchendur Nagara Viduthi]
* [https://archive.is/20130123115549/http://www-us.flickr.com/photos/tiruchendurnagaraviduthi/306430156/ Photos of Tiruchendur Nagara Viduthi]
* [http://www.tiruchendurmurugan.com/ Tiruchendur Murugan Kovil]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131003002636/http://www.chendurmurugan.com/ Chendur Murugan Kovil]
* [http://tiruchendur.org/ Tiruchendur Muruga]

{{Commons category}}

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Tamil Nadu}}
{{Thoothukudi district}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Thoothukudi district]]

Tiruchendur - Revision history

imported>Wjs44: rewording sentences