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{{Buddhism}}<br />
'''Tīrthika''' ({{lang-sa|tīrthika}}, {{lang-pi|titthiya}}, "ford-maker," meaning one who is attempting to cross the stream of [[saṃsāra]]<ref>Keown, Damien. Oxford ''Dictionary of Buddhism'' (2004), p. 307</ref>) in [[Buddhism]] is a general term referring to heretics or to non-Buddhists in general.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dhammajoti|first=KL|title=Sarvāstivāda Abhidharma|date=2007|publisher=Centre of Buddhist Studies at the University of Hong Kong|location=Hong Kong|isbn=978-988-99296-1-9|page=259}}</ref><br />
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In the [[Tipitaka]], the term ''titthiya'' may refer specifically to adherents of [[Jainism]]. Whereas a Buddhist takes [[Refuge (Buddhism)|refuge in the Three Jewels]] and treads the [[Middle Way]] between extremes, a ''titthiya'' does not. According to the ''Asoka Avadhana'', the ''titthiya''s that were jealous of [[Ashoka|Asoka]]'s preaching of Buddhism gathered together and said to each other, "Should this king Asoka continue a worshipper of Buddha, all other persons encouraged by him would likewise become followers of Buddha." They then went to people's houses and declared that their religion is the true religion and that Buddhism gives no [[moksha]].<ref>P. 245 ''Buddha'' by Manmatha Nath Dutt</ref><br />
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Tīrthika is associated with the Jain term [[tirthankara]] "ford-maker".<ref>Parpola, Asko, 2003. Sacred bathing place and transcendence: Dravidian kaTa(vuL) as the source of Indo-Aryan ghâT, tîrtha, tîrthankara and (tri)vikrama. Pp. 523-574 in: Olle Qvarnström (ed.), Jainism and early Buddhism: Essays in honor of Padmanabh S. Jaini, I-II. Fremont, California: Asian Humanities Press.</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Samaññaphala Sutta]]<br />
*[[Six Heretical Teachers]]<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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[[Category:Buddhist philosophical concepts]]<br />
[[Category:Heresy in Buddhism]]<br />
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