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Reverted edits by 2409:4060:211B:177F:4034:44C:C333:BB3E (talk) to last revision by Amshpatten: not adhering to manual of style

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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}

'''Tirhuta Panchang''' ([[Devanagari script|Devanagari]]: तिरहुता पंचांग, [[Tirhuta script|Tirhuta]]: 𑒞𑒱𑒩𑒯𑒳𑒞𑒰 𑒣𑓀𑒔𑒰𑓀𑒑, [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]: ''Tirhutā pan̄cāṅg'') is a calendar followed by the [[Maithils|Maithili]] community of India and Nepal. This calendar is one of the many Hindu calendars. It is a [[Tropical year|tropical solar]] [[Hindu calendar]] in which the year begins on the first day of Baishakh month i.e. Mesh Sankranti. Every year, this day falls on 13/14 April of the Gregorian Calendar.

[[Pohela Boishakh]] in [[West Bengal]], [[Bohag Bihu]] in [[Assam]], [[Puthandu]] in Tamil Nadu, and [[Vaisakhi]] in the [[Punjab region]] are observed on the same day. These festivals also mark the beginning of the New Year in their respective regions.

==Months==
'''Names and approximate lengths of Maithili months :'''<ref>Maithili Calendar, published from Darbhanga</ref>
{| class="wikitable" width = 30% cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3"
! No.
! Name
!Sanskrit name
! Maithili(Tirhuta)
! Maithili(Devanagri)
! [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]]
! Days (Traditional Hindu sidereal solar calendar)
|-
| 1
| Baishakh
|वैशाख
| 𑒥𑒻𑒮𑒰𑒐
| बैसाख
| वैशाख
| 30 / 31
|-
| 2
| Jeth
|ज्येष्ठ
| 𑒖𑒹𑒚
| जेठ
| ज्येष्ठ
| 31 / 32
|-
| 3
| Asharh
|आषाढ़
| 𑒁𑒮𑒰𑒜𑓃
| असाढ़
| आषाढ
| 31 / 32
|-
| 4
| Saon
|श्रावण
| 𑒮𑒰𑒍𑒢
| साओन
| श्रावण
| 31 / 32
|-
| 5
| Bhado
|भाद्रपद
| 𑒦𑒰𑒠𑒼
| भादो
| भाद्रपद,भाद्र,प्रोष्ठपद
| 31 / 32
|-
| 6
| Aasin
|आश्विन
| 𑒂𑒮𑒱𑒢
| आसिन
| आश्विन
| 31 / 30
|-
| 7
| Katik
|कार्तिक
| 𑒏𑒰𑒞𑒱𑒏
| कातिक
| कार्तिक
| 29 / 30
|-
| 8
| Agahan
|अग्रहायण
| 𑒁𑒑𑒯𑒢
| अगहन
| अग्रहायण,मार्गशीर्ष
| 29 / 30
|-
| 9
| Poos
|पौष/पुष्य
| 𑒣𑒴𑒮
| पूस
| पौष
| 29 / 30
|-
| 10
| Magh
|माघ
| 𑒧𑒰𑒒
| माघ
| माघ
| 29 / 30
|-
| 11
| Fagun
|फाल्गुन
| 𑒤𑒰𑒑𑒳𑒢
| फागुन
| फाल्गुन
| 29 / 30
|-
| 12
| Chait
|चैत्र
| 𑒔𑒻𑒞𑒱
| चैति
| चैत्र
| 30 / 31
|}

==Months and their corresponding season==
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0.5em; text-align:center"
|+𑒞𑒱𑒩𑒯𑒳𑒞𑒰 𑒣𑓀𑒔𑒰𑓀𑒑 तिरहुता पंचांग Maithili Calendar
! 𑒧𑒰𑒯/माह Month || 𑒇𑒞𑒴/ऋतू Season
|-
| बैसाख/Baishakh April–May
|𑒥𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒞, बसन्त Spring
|-
| जेठ/Jeth May–June
| rowspan="2" | 𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒲𑒭𑓂𑒧, ग्रीष्म Summer
|-
| अषाढ़/Asharh June–July
|-
| साओन/Saon July–August
| rowspan="2" | 𑒥𑒩𑓂𑒮𑒰(𑒫𑒩𑓂𑒭𑒰), बर्सा(वर्षा) Monsoon
|-
| भादो/Bhado August–September
|-
| आसिन/Asin September–October
| rowspan="2" | 𑒬𑒩𑒞𑓂, शरत् Autumn
|-
| कातिक/Katik October–November
|-
| अगहन/Agahan November–December
| rowspan="2" | 𑒯𑒹𑒧𑒢𑓂𑒞, हेमन्त Pre-winter
|-
| पूस/Pous December–January
|-
| माघ/Magh January–February
| rowspan="2" | 𑒮𑒲𑒞/𑒮𑒱𑒮𑒱𑒩(𑒬𑒱𑒬𑒱𑒩), सीत/सिसिर(शिशिर) Winter
|-
| फागुन/Fagun February–March
|-
| चैति/Chait March–April
|𑒥𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒞, बसन्त Spring
|}

===Baisakh-Jeth-Asarh===
These three months are the summer season in Mithila, out of these 3, Jeth & Asarh are very hot. Baisakh is the month of Litchi. Jeth and Asarh are the months of Mango.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>

===Saon-Bhado===
Mithila receives heavy rainfall during these two months, often resulting in flooding. Farmers wait for saon's first rain so they can sow paddy in their fields. The holy month of Saon is devoted to Lord [[Shiva]]. Devotees visit Baidnath Dham in [[Deoghar]] to offer gangajal.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>

===Asin-Katik===
These two months have moderate weather. Both these months are festive season for Mithila. Navaratra falls in Asin, [[Diwali]] & [[Chhath]] Falls in Katik. Moreover, Katik is the harvesting month for farmers.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>

===Agahan-Poos-Magh===
Agahan, Poos and Magh are the winter seasons in Mithila. Out of these 3, Pous & Magh are the extreme winter periods, temperature sometimes falls to 5 °C. [[Makar Sankranti]] falls in the month of Pous, and [[vasant Panchami]] in Magh.

===Fagun-Chait===
After winter, Fagun & Chait are the moderate months. Fagun & Chait again are the harvesting months. [[Holi]] falls in Fagun and Chhath falls in Chait. Chaith is the last month of Maithili Calendar.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>

==Days in Maithili calendar==
Like, most of the calendars of the world, Maithili calendar also has 7 days in a week, each of 24-hour length. Ravdin or Sunday is supposed to be the first day of the week.<ref>Maithili Calendar published from Darbhanga</ref>
*Ravdin / Sunday : रविदिन / 𑒩𑒫𑒱𑒠𑒱𑒢
*Somdin / Monday : सोमदिन / 𑒮𑒼𑒧𑒠𑒱𑒢
*Mangaldin / Tuesday : मंगलदिन / 𑒧𑓀𑒑𑒪𑒠𑒱𑒢
*Budhdin / Wednesday: बुधदिन / 𑒥𑒳𑒡𑒠𑒱𑒢
*Brihaspatidin / Thursday : बृहस्पतीदिन / 𑒥𑒵𑒯𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒞𑒲𑒠𑒱𑒢
*Shukradin / Friday: शुक्रदिन / 𑒬𑒳𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒠𑒱𑒢
*Shanidin / Saturday : शनीदिन / 𑒬𑒢𑒲𑒠𑒱𑒢

==Significance==
The Maithili calendar is the calendar of [[Mithila (ancient)|Mithila]] which originated in [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]]. The Maithili calendar is of great importance for Maithil people in India as well as in Nepal. All auspicious dates (e.g. marriage, ''[[Mundan]]'', ''[[Upanayana]] [[sanskar]]'') as well as the dates of Maithili festivals (e.g. [[Dipawali]](Diwali/Tihar), ''[[Chhath]]'', [[Durga Puja]], [[Mithila (region)#Temples and festivals|Janaki Navami]]'') are set based on the Maithili calendar. It has deep roots in the Hindu religion and Mithila's culture.

==Related calendars==
The Maithili calendar is related to the Hindu solar calendar, which is itself based on the [[Surya Siddhanta]]. The Hindu solar calendar also starts in mid-April, and the first day of the calendar is celebrated as the traditional New Year in the [[Indian states]] of [[Assam]], [[West Bengal]],<ref>[[Bengali calendar]]</ref>[[Kerala]], [[Manipur]], [[Orissa, India|Orissa]], [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[Tamil Nadu]],<ref>[[Puthandu]]</ref> and [[Tripura]]. [[Bangladesh]], [[Nepal]], [[Thailand]] and [[Sri Lanka]] also celebrate new year around the same time (13–15 April). This day is also known as ''Mesha Shankranti''.<ref>http://www.imsc.res.in/~rahul/articles/calendar.html</ref>

==See also==
* [[History of Mithila|Mithila]]
* [[Tirhut]]
* [[Tirhuta script]]
* [[Maithili language]]
* [[Jur Sital]] (Maithili New Year)
* [[Muzaffarpur]]
* [[Vidyapati]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.patra.mithila.org.in/ Online Tirhuta Panchang]
* [http://www.tirhutlive.tk Tirhut- Tirhut=Mithila]
* [http://www.videha.co.in Maithili e-journal]
* [http://mithilavidehavajjitirhut.blogspot.in Maithil=Videha=Vajji=Tirhut]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120412123127/http://www.mithila-haat.com/ Online Mithila shopping store]

{{Calendars}}

[[Category:Culture of Mithila]]
[[Category:Public holidays in India]]
[[Category:Calendars]]
[[Category:Hindu calendar]]
[[Category:Mithila]]
[[Category:Time in India]]

Tirhuta Panchang - Revision history

imported>Rdp060707: Reverted edits by 2409:4060:211B:177F:4034:44C:C333:BB3E (talk) to last revision by Amshpatten: not adhering to manual of style