UpdateBot: robot: Update article

2022-04-27T19:47:26Z

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imported>Chattapadhyay Suman: /* Demographics */Removed wrong info and updated as per 2011 census data

2021-08-23T10:16:47Z

Demographics: Removed wrong info and updated as per 2011 census data

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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Tinsukia}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tinsukia district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name = তিনিচুকিয়া
| image_skyline = The great Brahmaputra.jpg
| image_caption = Brahmaputra flowing through [[Dibru-Saikhowa National Park]]
| image_map = India Assam Tinsukia district map.svg
| map_caption = Location of Tinsukia district in Assam
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Tinsukia
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Assam|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Upper Assam Division|Upper Assam]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Tinsukia]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 1. Tinsukia, 2. Sadiya, 3. Margherita, 4. Doomdooma
| area_total_km2 = 3,790
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,327,929
| population_footnotes = <ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web|year=2011|title=District census 2011 - Tinsukia|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/18/1810_PART_A_DCHB_TINSUKIA.pdf|url-status=live|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref>
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 70.92%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 948 female per 1000 male
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = 1. [[Dibrugarh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dibrugarh]] (shared with [[Dibrugarh district]]), 2. [[Lakhimpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Lakhimpur]] (shared with [[Lakhimpur district|Lakhimpur]] and [[Dhemaji district|Dhemaji]] districts)
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Tinsukia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Tinsukia]], [[Digboi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Digboi]], [[Doom Dooma (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Doomdooma]], [[Margherita (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Margherita]], [[Sadiya (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sadiya]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 37 (India)|NH 37]], [[National Highway 38 (India)|NH 38]], [[National Highway 153 (India)|NH 153]]
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = {{URL|http://www.tinsukia.nic.in}}
| official_name =
}}

'''Tinsukia district''' (pronounced:ˌtɪnˈsʊkiə) is one of the 33 administrative [[Districts of Assam|districts]] in the state of [[Assam]], [[India]]. The district headquarters is located at [[Tinsukia]] city. The district occupies an area of 3790 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name='Reference Annual'>{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Assam: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1116 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref>

==Towns==
*[[Digboi]]
*[[Doom Dooma|Doomdooma]]
*[[Jagun]]
*[[Kakopathar]]
*[[Lido Town]]
*[[Makum]]
*[[Margherita]]
*[[Sadiya]]
*[[Tinsukia]]

== History ==
The area of the present district was an integral part of the [[Chutiya kingdom]] during the medieval period. After the defeat of the Chutias, the Ahoms placed ''Sadiya-khowa gohain'' to rule the region. Later, the Matak kingdom rose in its place after the [[Moamoria rebellion]]. The ancient name of Tinsukia city was ''Bengmara''. It was later made the capital of the Motok Kingdom when a member of the former [[Chutiya kingdom|Chutia]] royal family named [[Sarbananada Singha]] established his capital at Rangagarh situated in the bank of river Guijan. In 1791 AD, he transferred his capital to the city of Bengmara. Bengmara was built by King Sarbananda Singha with the help of his Minister, Gopinath Barbaruah (alias Godha). The city was built in the middle of the present city of Tinsukia. It was declared the 23rd district of Assam on 1 October 1989 when it was split from [[Dibrugarh district|Dibrugarh]].<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 2011-10-11 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 2011-09-25 | work = Statoids}}</ref>

Several tanks were dug in the days of Sarbananda Singha viz. Chauldhuwa Pukhuri, Kadamoni pukhuri, Da Dharua Pukhuri, Mahdhuwa Pukhuri, Bator Pukhuri, Logoni Pukhuri, Na-Pukhuri, Devi Pukhuri, Kumbhi Pukhuri, and Rupahi Pukhuri.

Apart from these ponds, there are many ancient roads constructed in different parts of the Muttack territory. Godha-Borbaruah road, Rangagarah road, Rajgor road, and Hatiali road were main roads within the territory.

In 1823, the [[British people|British]] first discovered tea plants in Sadiya and the first tea plantation was started in Chabua near Tinsukia. The name Chabua comes from "Chah-Buwa"/tea plantation.

In 1882, the [[Dibru–Sadiya Railway]] was opened to traffic by the Assam Railway & Trading Company, centred on Tinsukia, and a turning point in the economic development of north-east India.

== Economy ==
Tinsukia is an industrial district of Assam. The Oldest oil refinery in India is situated at [[Digboi]] and places like Margherita and Ledo are famous for open cast coal mining.

Tinsukia is one of the premier commercial centres in [[Assam]]. It is an industrial district, yet it produces a sizeable amount of tea, oranges, ginger, other citrus fruits and paddy (rice). The district also has a cosmetic plant of [[Hindustan Unilever]] (HUL).

== Transport ==
Tinsukia is well connected by airway, national highway and railway. It is 532 km by road from [[Dispur]], the state capital of Assam. The nearest airport is [[Dibrugarh Airport]] which is about 40 km from Tinsukia with daily connection from [[Delhi]]/[[Guwahati]] and [[Kolkata]]. The [[New Tinsukia railway station]] connects Tinsukia with the rest of the country.

== Health care Institutions ==

=== Public hospitals ===

* [http://www.tinsukiacivilhospital.in/ Civil Hospital]
* [https://www.esic.nic.in/hospitals ESIS Hospital]

=== Private hospitals ===

* [[City Hospital & Research Center]]
* Deys Nursing Home
* Borthakur Nursing Home
* RC Agarwal Memorial Hospital
* Saint Lukes Hospital
* Jeewan Jyoti Nursing Home
* Swastik Nursing Home
* Pinewood Hospital
* Biroja Hospital
* Lifeline Hospital

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=1,21,052|13=1911|14=1,52,876|15=1921|16=2,04,964|17=1931|18=2,53,982|19=1941|20=3,11,626|21=1951|22=3,67,536|23=1961|24=4,99,568|25=1971|26=6,54,510|27=1991|28=9,62,298|29=2001|30=11,50,062|31=2011|32=13,27,929|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Tinsukia district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,327,929,<ref name=districtcensus/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Mauritius]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Mauritius 1,303,717 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or 4.22 percent of the total population of Assam. This gives it a ranking of 371st in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 347 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.51%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Tinsukia has a [[sex ratio]] of 948 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 70.92%. Scheduled Castes and Tribes made up 2.84% and 6.18% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Tinsukia district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Religion - Assam |url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW18C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=census.gov.in |access-date=17 July 2020}}</ref>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|darkorange|88.96}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians]]|dodgerblue|5.79}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|#008000|3.64}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|1.3}}
}}
Hindus were 1,181,347 (88.96%), Christians 76,877 (5.79%), Muslims 40,000 (3.64%) as of 2011. The majority are Assamese. There are also other indigenous communities like [[Bihari language|Bihari]] and [[Bengali language|Bengali]].

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Tinisukia district (2011)<ref>https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX</ref>
|label1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]]
|value1 = 47.8
|color1 = blue
|label2 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]]
|value2 = 14.1
|color2 = pink
|label3 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
|value3 = 10.21
|color3 = orange
|label4 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
|value4 = 8.54
|color4 = yellow
|label5 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]]
|value5 = 7.51
|color5 = purple
|label6 = others
|value6 = 11.84
|color6 = brown
}}

Tinisukia is a multi cultural district. According to the 2011 census, 47.8% of the population spoke [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 14.1% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 10.21% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 8.54% [[Hindi]], 7.51% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 2.3% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 2.11% [[Odia language|Odia]] and 1.46% [[Mising language|Mising]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

==Culture==
* [[Bihu]]
* [[Durga Puja]]
* [[Kali Puja]]
* [[Karam (festival)|Karam]]
* [[Tusu Festival]]
* [[Chhath Puja]]
* [[Ali Ai Ligang]]
* [[Moran Bihu]]
* [[Medam Mephi]]

== Tourism ==
[[File:Tilinga Mondir at Tinisukia.jpg|thumb|Tilinga Mondir at Tinisukia]]
[[Dibru Saikhowa National Park]] is famous for birds<ref>https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=dibru+saikhowa</ref> and is a [[biodiversity hotspot]] with over 350 species of avifauna providing unique habitat for globally threatened species. A safe haven for extremely rare white-winged wood duck and many migratory birds. Its feral horses are precisely sufficient to make the visitor wild.

[[Dehing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary]] is one of the last remaining lowland tropical wet evergreen forests of Assam. It spreads over an area of 300 km<sup>2</sup>. in the southern and eastern parts of the district. It is home to various types of wildlife like the [[hoolock gibbon]], [[pig-tailed macaque]], [[slow loris]], [[tiger]], [[elephant]], [[clouded leopard]], and [[hornbill]].

===Places of interest===
*'''Digboi'''
: Digboi boasts of two modern wonders of the world – a hundred-year-old oil field still producing and the world’s oldest operating oil refinery. Tucked amid blue hills and undulating plains carpeted with emerald green tea plantations, Digboi still retains its colonial ambiance. It’s simply breathtaking to have a bird’s eye view of Digboi from the famous Ridge Hill point. On clear days, one can also see the snow-covered mountains of the eastern Himalayas.
*'''National Oil Park'''
: Digboi also has an oil museum and a wildlife sanctuary of unsurpassed beauty. Going down the hill, visitors will come across oil derricks of various types and other devices still declaring the glory and marvel of the now outdated innovations of the last forties. If one comes down from the hill on the other side, one will have the greatest sight of his lifetime. One may also bump across a herd of elephants or a Royal Bengal Tiger, besides some rare species of birds.
*'''War Cemetery'''
: The most dramatic event in Digboi’s history took place during the World War II when the belligerent Japanese came close to within three days marching distance of Digboi. These images come back as one kneels at the headstones at the Digboi War Cemetery.
*'''Margherita'''
: The centre of tea gardens, plywood factories, and coal mines, with many picnic spots dotting the sandy banks of the River [[Dihing]]. Cool, misty and away from the mainland, breathing in the aroma of fresh tea leaves is an experience, both rare and heartwarming. The tea gardens here are perhaps the best in the world.
*'''Sports'''
: The 18-hole golf course developed by the Scottish pioneers in their immutable style. In fact, Digboi can almost be called a Golfing Resort with as many as eight golf courses within close proximity, each with its own individual character and challenges.

==Flora and fauna==
In 1999 Tinsukia district became home to [[Dibru-Saikhowa National Park]], which has an area of {{convert|340|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment|title=Protected areas: Assam|url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|access-date=September 25, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|archive-date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> It shares the park with [[Dibrugarh district]].

==See also==
*[[Moran Autonomous Council]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://tinsukia.gov.in/ District Administration website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Tinsukia district
|North = [[Lower Dibang Valley district]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|Northeast = [[Lohit district]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|East =
|Southeast = [[Changlang district]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|South = [[Tirap district]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|Southwest = [[Dibrugarh district]]
|West =
|Northwest = [[Dhemaji district]]
}}

{{Assam}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|27|29|22.07|N|95|21|36.52|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Tinsukia district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Assam]]
[[Category:1989 establishments in Assam]]

Tinsukia district - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article

imported>Chattapadhyay Suman: /* Demographics */Removed wrong info and updated as per 2011 census data