Tikkana - Revision history

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	{{Infobox writer		{{Infobox writer
	\| name = Tikkana ~~Somayaji~~		\| name = Tikkana Somayji
	\| image = Thikkana somayaji.jpg		\| image = Thikkana somayaji.jpg
	\| imagesize =		\| imagesize =
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	'''Tikkana''' (or '''Tikkana Somayaji''') (1205–1288) was 13th century [[Telugu language\|Telugu]] poet. Born into a Telugu-speaking [[Niyogi Brahmin]] family during the golden age of the [[Kakatiya dynasty]], he was the second poet of the "Trinity of Poets ([[Kavi Trayam]])" that translated [[Mahabharata]] into ~~[[Telugu language\|~~Telugu]]. [[Nannaya Bhattaraka]] ~~was~~ the first ~~to translate~~ two and a half chapters of Mahabharata. Tikkana translated the final 15 chapters, but did not undertake translating the half-finished Aranya Parvamu. The Telugu people remained without this last translation for more than a century, until it was translated by [[Errana]].		'''Tikkana''' (or '''Tikkana Somayaji''') (1205–1288) was a 13th century [[Telugu language\|Telugu]] poet. Born into a Telugu-speaking [[Niyogi Brahmin]] family during the golden age of the [[Kakatiya dynasty]], he was the second poet of the "Trinity of Poets ([[Kavi Trayam]])" that translated ''[[Mahabharata]]'' into Telugu. [[Nannaya Bhattaraka]], the first, translated two and a half chapters of ''Mahabharata''. Tikkana translated the final 15 chapters, but did not undertake translating the half-finished ''Aranya Parvamu''. The Telugu people remained without this last translation for more than a century, until it was translated by [[Errana]].

	Tikkana is also called [[Tikkana Somayaji]], as he ~~has~~ completed the [[Somayaga]]. Tikkana titles ~~are~~ Kavibrahma & Ubhaya Kavi Mitrudu.		Tikkana is also called [[Tikkana Somayaji]], as he completed the [[Somayaga]]. Tikkana's titles were ''Kavibrahma'' and ''Ubhaya Kavi Mitrudu''.

	==Religious conflict==		==Religious conflict==
	Tikkana was born in 1205 in Patur village, [[Kovur, Nellore district]] during the Golden Age of the [[Kakatiya dynasty]]. During this time ~~when~~ conflict occurred between the two sects of ~~Sanatana~~ Dharma, [[Shaivism]] and [[Vaishnavism]]. ~~At this juncture,~~ Tikkana attempted to bring peace ~~between~~ the warring Shivaites and Vaishnavites.		Tikkana was born in 1205 in Patur village, [[Kovur, Nellore district]] during the Golden Age of the [[Kakatiya dynasty]]. During this time conflict occurred between the two sects of [[Sanātana Dharma]], [[Shaivism]] and [[Vaishnavism]]. Tikkana attempted to bring peace to the warring Shivaites and Vaishnavites.

	==Political situation==		==Political situation==
	~~Although most~~ of ~~the~~ [[Northern India]] came under Muslim rule, ~~the~~ strong [[Kakatiya]], [[Chalukya]] and [[Chola]] empires in the South ~~prevented~~ the ~~Muslim onslaught~~. Emperor Ganapatideva (1199–1261) of [[Kakatiya dynasty]] brought all the Telugu kingdoms under his rule for the first time. ~~Consequently, the clashes~~ between smaller kingdoms ~~came under control~~ making way for ~~the~~ prosperity and development of art and literature.		Most of [[Northern India]] came under Muslim rule, but strong [[Kakatiya]], [[Chalukya]] and [[Chola]] empires in the South held back the Muslims. Emperor [[Kakatiya dynasty#Ganapati\|Ganapatideva]] (1199–1261) of the Kakatiya dynasty brought all the Telugu kingdoms under his rule for the first time. Clashes between smaller kingdoms were controlled, making way for prosperity and the development of art and literature.

	Tikkana was the ~~Prime Minister~~ (hence the title Tikkanamatya) of Manumasiddhi, ~~the~~ king of [[Nellore]] and a descendant of Kakatiya dynasty. When Manumasiddhi was dethroned by his cousins, Tikkana visited Orugallu (the capital of Kakatiya dynasty and today's [[Warangal]]) to request the help of ~~the~~ Ganapatideva. The Emperor ~~gave~~ him ~~a grand welcome~~ in Warangal and restored [[Nellore]] ~~throne~~ to Manumasiddhi.		Tikkana was the prime minister (hence the title Tikkanamatya) of [[Nellore Chodas\|Manumasiddhi]], king of [[Nellore]] and a descendant of the Kakatiya dynasty. When Manumasiddhi was dethroned by his cousins, Tikkana visited Orugallu (the capital of Kakatiya dynasty and today's [[Warangal]]) to request the help of Ganapatideva. The Emperor welcomed him in Warangal and restored the throne of [[Nellore]] to Manumasiddhi.

	Tikkana dedicated his first literary work ''Nirvachanottara Ramayanamu'', to Ganapatideva. In this work he narrated the later part of Ramayanamu, the story of Sita's banishment to forests and the birth of Lava and Kusa ~~to Sita in the forest~~. Later, Tikkana translated Mahabharatamu and dedicated it to Hariharanadha.		Tikkana dedicated his first literary work ''Nirvachanottara Ramayanamu'', to Ganapatideva. In this work he narrated the later part of [[Ramayana\|Ramayanamu]], the story of [[Sita]]'s banishment to the forests and the birth of [[Lava (Ramayana)\|Lava]] and [[Kusha (Ramayana)\|Kusa]]. Later, Tikkana translated the ''[[Andhra Mahabharatam\|Mahabharatamu]]'' and dedicated it to Hariharanadha.

	==Writing style==		==Writing style==
	~~The specialty of his~~ style ~~of writing is that it is~~ mostly Telugu, unlike [[Nannayya]] whose work was mostly ~~sanskritized~~. Tikkana used Telugu words even to express very difficult ~~expressions and~~ ideas. He used Telugu words and parables extensively. He is titled Ubhayabashakavimitrudu, as his poetic style pleases both Sanskrit and Telugu poets.		His writing style was mostly Telugu, unlike [[Nannayya]] whose work was mostly [[sanskrit]]ized. Tikkana used Telugu words even to express very difficult ideas. He used Telugu words and parables extensively. He is titled Ubhayabashakavimitrudu, as his poetic style pleases both Sanskrit and Telugu poets.

	==Examples==		==Examples==
	The flavor of Telugu ~~national~~ similes spice up his poetry~~, e.g.,~~ ''madugu cheerayandu masi ~~thaakintlu~~''- as if pure white cheera (sari) is touched by soot, ''paalalo padina balli vidhambuna''-like the lizard in the milk, ''~~neyvosina~~ yagni bhangi''- like the fire in which neyyi (clarified butter) was poured, ''mantalo midutalu chochchinatlayina''- fate of locusts flew into the fire, ''kantikin reppayu bole''- like ~~the~~ eyelid for the eye, ''~~nooti~~ kappa vidhambuna''- like a frog in the well~~, etc.~~		The flavor of Telugu similes spice up his poetry:
			* ''madugu cheerayandu masi thaakinatlu''- as if pure white cheera (sari) is touched by soot,
			* ''paalalo padina balli vidhambuna''-like the lizard in the milk,
			* ''neyyivosina yagni bhangi''- like the fire in which neyyi (clarified butter) was poured,
			* ''mantalo midutalu chochchinatlayina''- fate of locusts flew into the fire,
			* ''kantikin reppayu bole''- like th e eyelid for the eye,
			* ''noothi kappa vidhambuna''- like a frog in the well

	==Philosophy==		==Philosophy==
	During the reign of Emperor Ganapatideva, Shaivites, Vaishnvites, Jains had meetings to discuss different philosophies. Tikkana participated in those religious meetings and defeated the Buddhist and Jain participants and established Hinduism. During this time he proposed the unity of God. He preached that Lord Shiva (Hara) and Lord Vishnu (Hari) were one and that the apparent differences in names were made up and were untrue. This philosophy is known as "Hariharaadvaitamu (the Unity of Hari and Hara)Hariharaanadhudu called him Thikka Sharma please dedicate to me." To firmly establish this principle, Tikkana translated Mahabharatamu into [[Telugu language\|Telugu]]. This was a great contribution to the peace and unity of Telugus.		During the reign of Emperor Ganapatideva, Shaivites, Vaishnvites and Jains had meetings to discuss different philosophies. Tikkana participated in those religious meetings and defeated the Buddhist and Jain participants and established Hinduism. During this time he proposed the unity of God. He preached that Lord Shiva (Hara) and Lord Vishnu (Hari) were one and that the apparent differences in names were made up and were untrue. This philosophy is known as "Hariharaadvaitamu (the Unity of Hari and Hara)Hariharaanadhudu called him Thikka Sharma please dedicate to me." To firmly establish this principle, Tikkana translated Mahabharatamu into [[Telugu language\|Telugu]]. This was a great contribution to the peace and unity of Telugus.

	==Other works==		==Other works==
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	~~[[Category:Telugu people]]~~
	[[Category:Telugu poets]]		[[Category:Telugu poets]]
	[[Category:Telugu writers]]		[[Category:Telugu writers]]
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	[[Category:Poets from Andhra Pradesh]]		[[Category:Poets from Andhra Pradesh]]
	[[Category:13th-century Indian translators]]		[[Category:13th-century Indian translators]]
			[[Category:Sanskrit–Telugu translators]]

imported>Yinweiaiqing: added Category:13th-century Indian translators using HotCat

2021-08-04T16:40:52Z

added Category:13th-century Indian translators using HotCat

New page

{{moresources|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Tikkana Somayaji
| image = Thikkana somayaji.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| caption =Image of Tikkana
| pseudonym = Tikkana (Thikka Sharma)
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1205
| birth_place = Patur, [[Kovur, Nellore district]]
| death_date = 1288
| death_place = Patur, Kovur, Nellore
| occupation =poet
| education =
| alma_mater =
| period =
| genre = Poet
| subject =
| movement =
| notableworks = [[Andhra mahabharatam]]
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| relatives =
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| portaldisp =
}}

'''Tikkana''' (or '''Tikkana Somayaji''') (1205–1288) was 13th century [[Telugu language|Telugu]] poet. Born into a Telugu-speaking [[Niyogi Brahmin]] family during the golden age of the [[Kakatiya dynasty]], he was the second poet of the "Trinity of Poets ([[Kavi Trayam]])" that translated [[Mahabharata]] into [[Telugu language|Telugu]]. [[Nannaya Bhattaraka]] was the first to translate two and a half chapters of Mahabharata. Tikkana translated the final 15 chapters, but did not undertake translating the half-finished Aranya Parvamu. The Telugu people remained without this last translation for more than a century, until it was translated by [[Errana]].

Tikkana is also called [[Tikkana Somayaji]], as he has completed the [[Somayaga]]. Tikkana titles are Kavibrahma & Ubhaya Kavi Mitrudu.

==Religious conflict==
Tikkana was born in 1205 in Patur village, [[Kovur, Nellore district]] during the Golden Age of the [[Kakatiya dynasty]]. During this time when conflict occurred between the two sects of Sanatana Dharma, [[Shaivism]] and [[Vaishnavism]]. At this juncture, Tikkana attempted to bring peace between the warring Shivaites and Vaishnavites.

==Political situation==
Although most of the [[Northern India]] came under Muslim rule, the strong [[Kakatiya]], [[Chalukya]] and [[Chola]] empires in the South prevented the Muslim onslaught. Emperor Ganapatideva (1199–1261) of [[Kakatiya dynasty]] brought all the Telugu kingdoms under his rule for the first time. Consequently, the clashes between smaller kingdoms came under control making way for the prosperity and development of art and literature.

Tikkana was the Prime Minister (hence the title Tikkanamatya) of Manumasiddhi, the king of [[Nellore]] and a descendant of Kakatiya dynasty. When Manumasiddhi was dethroned by his cousins, Tikkana visited Orugallu (the capital of Kakatiya dynasty and today's [[Warangal]]) to request the help of the Ganapatideva. The Emperor gave him a grand welcome in Warangal and restored [[Nellore]] throne to Manumasiddhi.

Tikkana dedicated his first literary work ''Nirvachanottara Ramayanamu'', to Ganapatideva. In this work he narrated the later part of Ramayanamu, the story of Sita's banishment to forests and the birth of Lava and Kusa to Sita in the forest. Later, Tikkana translated Mahabharatamu and dedicated it to Hariharanadha.

==Writing style==
The specialty of his style of writing is that it is mostly Telugu, unlike [[Nannayya]] whose work was mostly sanskritized. Tikkana used Telugu words even to express very difficult expressions and ideas. He used Telugu words and parables extensively. He is titled Ubhayabashakavimitrudu, as his poetic style pleases both Sanskrit and Telugu poets.

==Examples==
The flavor of Telugu national similes spice up his poetry, e.g., ''madugu cheerayandu masi thaakintlu''- as if pure white cheera (sari) is touched by soot, ''paalalo padina balli vidhambuna''-like the lizard in the milk, ''neyvosina yagni bhangi''- like the fire in which neyyi (clarified butter) was poured, ''mantalo midutalu chochchinatlayina''- fate of locusts flew into the fire, ''kantikin reppayu bole''- like the eyelid for the eye, ''nooti kappa vidhambuna''- like a frog in the well, etc.

==Philosophy==
During the reign of Emperor Ganapatideva, Shaivites, Vaishnvites, Jains had meetings to discuss different philosophies. Tikkana participated in those religious meetings and defeated the Buddhist and Jain participants and established Hinduism. During this time he proposed the unity of God. He preached that Lord Shiva (Hara) and Lord Vishnu (Hari) were one and that the apparent differences in names were made up and were untrue. This philosophy is known as "Hariharaadvaitamu (the Unity of Hari and Hara)Hariharaanadhudu called him Thikka Sharma please dedicate to me." To firmly establish this principle, Tikkana translated Mahabharatamu into [[Telugu language|Telugu]]. This was a great contribution to the peace and unity of Telugus.

==Other works==
Tikkana's other literary contributions include ''Vijayasenamu'', ''Kavivaagbandhamu'','' Krishnasatakamu'', etc. Though he was second to [[Nannayya]] in attempting to translate Mahabharatamu and second poet among the Trinity of Poets, he is second to none in his political, religious and literary accomplishments.

==Legacy and depictions in popular culture==
There is a library named after him in Guntur. It is maintained by a committee headed by Machiraju Sitapati and Kurakula Guraviah, an ex-corporator. In 2013 they celebrated 100 years of the library's functioning.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/a-monument-preserving-legacy-of-tikkana/article5721999.ece|title=A monument preserving legacy of Tikkana|newspaper=The Hindu|date=24 February 2014|last1=Jonathan|first1=P. Samuel}}</ref>
There was a television series made on the life of Tikkana.

==See also==
{{Commons category}}
* [[Kavitrayam]]
* [[Telugu literature]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Telugu people]]
[[Category:Telugu poets]]
[[Category:Telugu writers]]
[[Category:1205 births]]
[[Category:1288 deaths]]
[[Category:13th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:People from Nellore]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Poets from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:13th-century Indian translators]]