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Intelligence Journal: Created page with "{{short description|Prison centre in Delhi, India}} {{Other uses|Tihar (disambiguation)}} {{Use Indian English|date=February 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} {{Infob..."

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Created page with "{{short description|Prison centre in Delhi, India}} {{Other uses|Tihar (disambiguation)}} {{Use Indian English|date=February 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} {{Infob..."

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{{short description|Prison centre in Delhi, India}}
{{Other uses|Tihar (disambiguation)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox prison
| name = Tihar
| pushpin_map = India New Delhi#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Delhi
| location = [[Tihar Village]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
| coordinates = {{coord|28|37|03|N|77|06|02|E|region:IN_type:city_source:kolossus-frwiki|display=inline,title}}
| status = Operating
| classification = [[Prison#Security levels|Maximum]]
| capacity = 10,026
| population = 17,534 <ref name=dept/>
| populationdate = 31 December 2019
| opened = 1957
| managed_by = Department of Delhi Prisons, [[Government of Delhi]]
| website = {{URL|http://tte.delhigovt.nic.in/wps/wcm/connect/lib_centraljail/Central+Jail/Home/About+Us}}
}}
'''Tihar Prisons''', also called '''Tihar Jail''' and '''Tihar Ashram''', is a prison complex in [[India]] and the largest complex of prisons in [[South Asia]].<ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21554233 Tihar prison in India: More dovecote than jail]. The Economist (5 May 2012). Retrieved 2012-05-31.</ref> Run by Department of Delhi Prisons, [[Government of Delhi]], the prison contains nine central prisons, and is one of the two prison complexes in Delhi, along with a district prison at [[Rohini Sub City|Rohini]] Prison Complex.<ref name=tihar>{{cite web | title = Department of Tihar Prisons |url = http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/Lib_CentralJail/central+jail/home|publisher=Government of Delhi | access-date = 2014-01-08 }}</ref> It is located in [[Tihar Village|Tihar village]], approximately 3 km from [[Janakpuri]], to the west of [[New Delhi]], [[India]]. The surrounding area is called [[Tilak Nagar (Delhi)|Hari Nagar]].

The prison is styled as a [[correctional institution]]. Its main objective is to convert its inmates into ordinary members of society by providing them with useful skills, education, and respect for the law. It aims to improve the inmates' self-esteem and strengthen their desire to improve. To engage, rehabilitate, and reform its inmates, Tihar uses [[music therapy]], which involves music training sessions and [[concert]]s.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-10/news-and-interviews/32141512_1_tihar-inmates-tihar-prisons-jail-authorities | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126092721/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-10/news-and-interviews/32141512_1_tihar-inmates-tihar-prisons-jail-authorities | url-status=dead | archive-date=26 January 2013 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Now, a Tihar Idol| date=10 June 2012}}</ref> The prison has its own radio station, run by inmates.<ref>{{cite news | title =Tihar gets its own radio station – TJ FM Radio | newspaper =The Economic Times| date =30 July 2013 | url =http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-07-30/news/40895457_1_tihar-jail-central-jail-radio-station | access-date =6 June 2014 }}</ref> There is also a [[prison industry]] within the walls, manned wholly by inmates, which bears the brand ''Tihar''.<ref>[http://www.ibnlive.com/news/tihar-is-a-brand-talk-business/top/32707-3.html Mukharji, Arunoday (4 February 2007) "Brand Tihar is serious business" ''CNN-IBN'']. Ibnlive.com (20 June 2007). Retrieved 2012-05-31.</ref> {{As of|2019|12}}, Tihar jail has 17,534 inmates against the sanctioned capacity of 10,026. The prison population as on 31.12.2019 has increased by 11.79% in comparison to the population as on 31.12.2018.<ref name=dept>{{cite web | title = Department of Tihar Prisons | url = http://tte.delhigovt.nic.in/wps/wcm/connect/lib_centraljail/Central+Jail/Home/Prisoner+Profile |publisher=Government of Delhi| access-date = 2020-12-22 }}</ref>
==History==
Originally, Tihar was a maximum-security prison run by the [[Punjab, India|State of Punjab]]. In 1966 control was transferred to the [[National Capital Territory of Delhi]]. Beginning in 1984, additional facilities were constructed, and the complex became Tihar Prison, also the largest jail in India.

Under the charge of [[Kiran Bedi]], when she was Inspector General of Prisons, she instituted a number of prison reforms at Tihar, including changing its name to Tihar Ashram. She also instituted a [[Vipassana meditation]] program for both staff and inmates; initial classes were taught by [[S. N. Goenka]]. The Prison has also produced an inmate who has passed the [[Civil Services Examination (India)|UPSC civil service examinations]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090217032254/http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/11/stories/2009021157300100.htm Relief to Tihar inmate after he makes it to IAS ] The Hindu, 11 February 2009</ref>

Many of the inmates continue their higher education through distance education. The campus placement program was launched in 2011 for the rehabilitation of inmates about to complete their sentences. In 2014, a recruitment drive led to 66 inmates selected on the basis of their good conduct, received job offers with salaries up to {{INR Convert|35000|}} per month, from as many as 31 recruiters, which included educational institutions, NGOs and private companies.<ref>{{cite web | title = Recruitment drive in Tihar jail: Inmate offered Rs 35,000 per month | url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Recruitment-drive-in-Tihar-jail-Inmate-offered-Rs-35000-per-month/articleshow/34745638.cms |date= 6 May 2014|access-date = 2014-05-08 | work = The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Photo story: from jail to job, Tihar inmates get employed |work= Hindustan Times| url = http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jail-to-job-it-s-hiring-time-in-tihar/article1-1216274.aspx |author=Soumya Pillai|date=7 May 2014| access-date = 2014-05-08 }}</ref>

==TJ's brand==
In 1961, the Jail Factory was established in Central Jail No.2, at Tihar. Over the years its activities have expanded to include Carpentry, Weaving (Handloom & Powerloom), Tailoring, Chemical, Handmade paper, Commercial art, and Bakery. Later in 2009, a shoe manufacturing unit was established using the Public-Private Partnership model, and thus the brand ''TJ's'' was launched. As of May 2014, 700 inmates work in these units, and 25% of their earnings are deposited in the Victim Welfare Fund, which provides compensation to the victims and their families.<ref>{{cite web | title = Tihar Jail Products | url = http://tihartj.nic.in/tihar_jail.asp| access-date = 2014-05-08 |publisher=Tihar Jail}}</ref>
[[File:Tihar Jail Products Muffin and Brownie.jpg|thumb|Tihar Jail muffin and brownie]]

==Notable Prisoners==
* [[Sanjay Gandhi]], former [[Member of Parliament]] and husband of [[Menaka Gandhi]], son of [[Indira Gandhi]].
* [[Abhijit Banerjee]], Nobel laureate, arrested for involvement in student protests while at [[Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi|JNU]]
* [[Aniket Dey]], illegal political planning at New Delhi.
* [[Kanhaiya Kumar]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/kanhaiya-kumar-released-from-tihar/article8309870.ece|title=Kanhaiya Kumar released from Tihar|newspaper=The Hindu|date=2016-03-03|last1=Sunny|first1=Shiv}}
</ref>
* [[Lalu Yadav]]
* [[Subrata Roy]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Subrata-Roy-pays-Rs-1-23-crore-for-special-facilities-in-Tihar-jail/articleshow/50070082.cms|title=Subrata Roy pays Rs 1.23 crore for special facilities in Tihar jail|work=The Times of India}}</ref>
* [[Chhota Rajan]]
* [[Satwant Singh]] and [[Kehar Singh]], former Parliament security officers, hanged for the [[Indira Gandhi#Assassination|assassination of Indira Gandhi]].
* [[Charles Sobhraj]], an international serial killer, escaped from Tihar on 16 March 1986, but was recaptured shortly thereafter, returned to the prison and sentenced to an additional ten years for the escape. He was released on completion of his term on 17 February 1997.
*Ripun Bora, education minister of [[Assam]]'s [[Tarun Gogoi]]-led [[Indian National Congress|Congress]]ional government, the main suspect in the Daniel Topno murder case, was arrested by CBI officials on 3 June 2008 and sent to Tihar on 7 June 2008.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}
*The accused in the [[2G spectrum case]], including [[A. Raja]], [[M. K. Kanimozhi]], [[Vinod Goenka]], [[Shahid Balwa]], and [[Sanjay Chandra]].<ref name=BW>[http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/11_25/b4233013968530.htm India's Powerful Can't Escape Jail], ''[[BusinessWeek]]'', 9 June 2011</ref>
*[[Suresh Kalmadi]], former president of the [[Indian Olympic Association]], who was arrested for alleged [[Concerns and controversies over the 2010 Commonwealth Games|corruption regarding the 2010 Commonwealth Games]].<ref name=BW/>
*Kuljeet Singh and Jasbir Singh, executed in 1982 for the [[Geeta and Sanjay Chopra kidnapping case]]
*[[Amar Singh (politician)|Amar Singh]], former member of the [[Samajwadi Party]], arrested in a [[cash-for-votes scandal]].<ref name=IT>[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/cash-for-votes-scam-amar-singh/1/150256.html Cash-for-votes scam: Court sends Amar Singh to judicial custody till 19 September],''[[India Today]]'', 6 September 2011</ref>
*[[Anna Hazare]] and [[Arvind Kejriwal]], Indian social activists fighting against corruption, were imprisoned in Tihar for protesting conflicts between differing Civil Society and UPA Government anti-corruption bills, known as the [[Jan Lokpal Bill]] and the [[Lokpal Bill]], respectively.
*[[Jagtar Singh Hawara]] and Paramjit Singh Bheora, Khalistani militants, main accused in the assassination of Punjab Chief minister [[Beant Singh (chief minister)|Beant Singh]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040123/main2.htm|title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News|website=www.tribuneindia.com}}</ref>
*[[Abhishek Verma (businessman)|Abhishek Verma]] (billionaire arms dealer), one of main accused in Navy War Room Leak case & [[Scorpene deal scam|Scorpene Submarines deal.]]
*[[Anca Verma|Anca Neacsu]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/abhishek-verma-universe-of-lust-and-lucre/1/210833.html|title=Press reports about Anca Neacsu wife of Abhishek Verma|publisher=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/arms-dealer-abhishek-vermas-wife-anca-neascu-goes-into-news-photo/146029316|title=Anca Neacsu photos from press reports|via=Getty Images}}</ref>(wife of arms dealer Abhishek Verma) co-accused in all his corruption cases<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/video/player/news/multi-crore-arms-deals-videos-of-home-ministry-alleged-kickbacks/268821|title=Multi-crore arms deals: videos of Home Ministry, alleged kickbacks}}</ref>
* [[Afzal Guru]], the Kashmiri separatist and [[Jaish-e-Mohammed]] terrorist involved in the [[2001 Indian Parliament attack]], who was hanged on 9 February 2013.
* 5 of the accused in the [[2012 Delhi gang rape]]; Ram Singh (committed suicide in March 2013), Mukesh Singh, Akshay Thakur, Pawan Gupta & Vinay Sharma; they were hanged on 20 March 2020.
* [[Maqbool Bhat]] a Kashmiri separatist leader who waged a war for secession of Kashmir as a separate state from India and Pakistan.
* [[Milkha Singh]], for travelling in a train without ticket.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/athletics/when-his-sister-thought-milkha-was-shot/article4870333.ece|title=When his sister thought Milkha was shot|last=Lokapally|first=Vijay|date=2013-07-01|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-05-01|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
* [[P. Chidambaram]], Judicial custody in relation to the [[INX Media case|INX media Corruption case]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://aajtak.intoday.in/story/inx-media-case-p-chidambaram-kapil-sibal-rouse-avenue-court-updates-1-1116939.html|title=14 दिन के लिए तिहाड़ जेल भेजे गए पूर्व वित्त मंत्री पी. चिदंबरम|work=Aaj Tak|language=en-IN}}</ref>
* [[D. K. Shivakumar]], Money Launderer.<ref>https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/congress-leader-dk-shivakumar-sent-tihar-jail-money-laundering-case-109156</ref>

==Escapes==
In June 2015, Two prisoners have escaped from India's maximum-security Tihar jail in Delhi by digging a tunnel under a wall and scaling another, authorities said.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-33307912|title=Prisoners tunnel out of Delhi jail|date=29 June 2015|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

==Health concerns==
The prison complex has no facilities for keeping [[paraplegic]] pre-trial inmates or convicts.<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.indianexpress.com/news/tihar-says-no-facility-for-paraplegic-murder-accused-gets-bail/973310/| title= Tihar says no facility for paraplegic, murder accused gets bail| date= 12 July 2012|work=The Indian Express}}</ref>

The Integrated Counseling and Testing Centre reports that around 6% to 8% of the 11,800 Tihar inmates are [[HIV-positive]], which is considerably higher than [[HIV/AIDS in India|the HIV rate among the general population in India]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121106074350/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-30/delhi/29599215_1_positive-prisoners-tihar-jail-jail-authorities 340 HIV positive prisoners in Tihar]. ''The Times of India'' (30 May 2011). Retrieved 2012-05-31.</ref>

==In popular culture==
''[[Doing Time, Doing Vipassana]]'' is a 1997 documentary about the introduction of [[S. N. Goenka]]'s 10-day Vipassana classes at Tihar Jail in 1993 by then Inspector General of Prisons in New Delhi, Kiran Bedi. Bedi had her guards trained in Vipassana first, and then she had Goenka give his initial class to 1,000 prisoners.<ref>{{cite web | title = Prisoners Finding New Hope in the Art of Spiritual Bliss | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/08/movies/08doin.html?_r=2& | access-date = 2014-01-08 | first = Stephen | last = Holden |author-link=Stephen Holden| date = 8 July 2005| work = The New York Times}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://tiharprisons.nic.in/ Tihar Prisons Official website]
* [http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/Lib_CentralJail_Hindi/central+jail/home/ Tihar Prisons Official Website] {{in lang|hi}}

[[Category:Prisons in India]]
[[Category:Government buildings in Delhi]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in Delhi]]
[[Category:Law enforcement in Delhi]]

Tihar Jail - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

223.235.192.78 at 03:57, 26 August 2021

Intelligence Journal: Created page with "{{short description|Prison centre in Delhi, India}} {{Other uses|Tihar (disambiguation)}} {{Use Indian English|date=February 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} {{Infob..."