imported>Materialscientist: unnecessary, prone to errors

2021-08-11T10:02:53Z

unnecessary, prone to errors

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{more footnotes|date=July 2010}}
{{Infobox royalty
|name = Thutob Namgyal
|image = Thutob Namgyal.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =
|reign = 1874 – 11 February 1914
|succession = [[Chogyal of Sikkim]]
|predecessor = [[Sidkeong Namgyal]]
|successor = [[Sidkeong Tulku Namgyal]]
|issue = [[Sidkeong Tulku Namgyal]]<br>[[Tashi Namgyal]]<br>[[Mayeum Choying Wangmo Dorji]]
|house = [[Chogyal|Namgyal dynasty]]
|father = [[Tsugphud Namgyal]]
|mother = Maharani Menchi
|birth_date = 1860
|birth_place =
|death_date = {{Death date|1914|2|11|df=y}} (54–55)
|death_place =
|burial_date =
|burial_place =
|signature =
|religion = [[Tibetan Buddhism]]
|spouse = Yeshay Dolma
}}

[[File:King of Sikkim with a group of Lama, Darjeeling, India, c. 1900.jpg|thumb|261x261px|Thutob Namgyal (left) in [[Darjeeling]], ca. 1900]]
'''Thutob Namgyal''' ([[Sikkimese language|Sikkimese]]: {{bo-textonly|མཐུ་སྟོབས་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་}}; [[Wylie transliteration|Wylie]]: ''mthu-stobs rnam-rgyal'') (1860 – 11 February 1914) was the ruling [[chogyal]] (monarch) of [[Sikkim]] between 1874 and 1914. Thutob ascended to the throne succeeding his half-brother [[Sidkeong Namgyal]] who died issueless. Differences between the Nepalese settlers and the indigenous population during his reign led to the direct intervention of the [[British Empire|British]], who were the de facto rulers of the Himalayan nation. The British ruled in favour of the Nepalese much to the discontent of the chogyal, who then retreated to the [[Chumbi Valley]] and allied himself with the [[Tibet]]ans.

The British sent a military force ([[Sikkim expedition]]), and after a series of skirmishes between the Tibetans and the British near [[Jelep La]], the Tibetans were pushed back and the Chogyal was put under the supervision of [[John Claude White]], who had been appointed [[Political officer (British Empire)|Political Officer]] in 1889. In 1894, he shifted the capital from [[Tumlong]] to the present location, [[Gangtok]]. He was [[knight]]ed in 1911. Alex McKay states, "The 9th Chogyal of Sikkim, Sir Thutob Namgyal, was increasingly supportive of modernisation. After his death in 1914, Sidkeon Namgyal Tulku, who had been groomed for the post by the British, succeeded him but died after ruling for just 10 months. Sidkeong Tulku’s younger half-brother, Tashi Namgyal, who had been educated at [[St Paul's School, Darjeeling|St Paul’s]] and [[Mayo College]], then became Chogyal in 1915, and ruled Sikkim until his death in 1963."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/bot/pdf/bot_2004_02_02.pdf|title="The indigenisation of western medicine in Sikkim" in The Bulletin of Tibetology|last=McKay|first=Alex|date=2 February 2004|website=University of Cambridge|page=35|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331163429/http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/bot/pdf/bot_2004_02_02.pdf|archive-date=31 March 2016|access-date=26 December 2017|quote="We have seen that the indigenisation process saw Western medicine take on aspects of traditional Sikkimese social structures, and this was particularly significant in regard to its patronage by the state’s traditional ruler. The 9th Chogyal of Sikkim, Sir Thutob Namgyal, was increasingly supportive of modernisation. After his death in 1914, Sidkeon Namgyal Tulku, who had been groomed for the post by the British, succeeded him but died after ruling for just 10 months. Sidkeong Tulku’s younger half-brother, Tashi Namgyal, who had been educated at St Paul’s and Mayo College, then became Chogyal in 1915, and ruled Sikkim until his death in 1963. Tashi Namgyal was, according to the British reports ‘deeply interested in medical affairs’, and in the early 1920s he and his wife (’the Maharani’ in British records), made a number of visits to the hospital in Gangtok, ‘and rendered every help possible.’ The Maharani even joined the Political Officer’s wife in organising classes at which local ladies might prepare garments for patients and so forth. This type of patronage continued into the post-colonial period."}}</ref>

The [[Sir Thutob Namgyal Memorial]] (STNM) Hospital in Gangtok was built in memory of him in 1917.

==Titles==
*'''1860 – 1874''': [[Prince]] Thutob Namgyal.
*'''1874 – 1911''': ''[[His Highness]]'' [[Sri]] Panch [[Maharaja]] Thutob Namgyal, Maharaja [[Chogyal]] of [[Sikkim]].
*'''1911 – 1914''': ''His Highness'' Sri Panch Maharaja [[Sir]] Thutob Namgyal, Maharaja Chogyal of Sikkim, [[Order of the Indian Empire|KCIE]].

==Honours==
'''British Empire'''
*'''KCIE''': [[Order of the Indian Empire|Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]], ''12 December 1911''.
*[[Empress of India Medal|Empress of India Gold Medal]], ''1 January 1877''.
*[[Delhi Durbar|Delhi Durbar Gold Medal]], ''1 January 1903''.
*[[Delhi Durbar|Delhi Durbar Golf Medal]], ''11 December 1911''.

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{cite web|url=http://sikkim.nic.in/homedept/history.htm |title=History of Sikkim |access-date=1 July 2006 |author= |last= |first= |author-link= |date= |year= |publisher=Home Department, Govt of Sikkim |pages= |language= }}

{{Commons category|Thutob Namgyal}}

{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|[[Chogyal|Namgyal Dynasty]]||1860||11 February 1914}}
{{S-reg|}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Sidkeong Namgyal]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Chogyal|Chogyal of Sikkim]]|years=1874 – 1914}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Sidkeong Tulku Namgyal]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Chogyals of Sikkim}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Namgyal, Thutob}}
[[Category:19th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Monarchs of Sikkim]]
[[Category:1860 births]]
[[Category:1914 deaths]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]

Thutob Namgyal - Revision history

imported>Materialscientist: unnecessary, prone to errors