Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station - Revision history

Md. Toslim Bhuiyan Prantik: minor update

2025-08-28T15:26:03Z

minor update

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:56, 28 August 2025
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	{{Short description\|Indian spaceport}}		{{Short description\|Indian spaceport}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date= ~~June 2023~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2018}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date= June ~~2023~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2017}}
	{{Infobox launch pad		{{Infobox launch pad
	\| image = Rohini rocket.jpg		\| image = Rohini rocket.jpg
	\| caption = Launch of RH-300 Mk2 from TERLS		\| caption = Launch of RH-300 Mk2 from TERLS
	\| location = Thumba, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India		\| location = [[Thumba]], [[Thiruvananthapuram district\|Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], India
	\| coordinates = {{coord\|8\|32\|34\|N\|76\|51\|32\|E\|type:landmark\|display=inline}}		\| coordinates = {{coord\|8\|32\|34\|N\|76\|51\|32\|E\|type:landmark\|display=inline}}
	\| time_zone = [[Indian Standard Time\|IST]]		\| time_zone = [[Indian Standard Time\|IST]]
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	\| short = TERLS		\| short = TERLS
	\| established = {{Start date and age\|df=y\|1963\|11\|21}}		\| established = {{Start date and age\|df=y\|1963\|11\|21}}
	\| operator = ISRO		\| operator = [[ISRO]]
	}}		}}
	'''Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station''' ('''TERLS''') is an Indian [[spaceport]] established on 21 November 1963.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/sounding-rockets\|title=Sounding Rockets - ISRO\|website=www.isro.gov.in\|access-date=2019-09-11}}</ref> Operated by the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO), it is located in [[Thumba]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], which is near the southern tip of mainland India, very close to earth's [[Magnetic dip\|magnetic equator]]. It is currently used by ISRO for launching [[sounding rocket]]s.<ref name=":0" />

	~~The~~ first ~~rockets were assembled in former St Louis High School, which houses now a space museum~~.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.~~thebetterindia~~.~~com~~/~~74283~~/~~first~~-~~rocket-india-thumba-vikram-sarabhai-abdul-kalam/~~\|title=~~Transported on a Bicycle, Launched from a Church: The Amazing Story of India's First Rocket Launch~~\|website=~~The Better India\|language=en-US~~\|access-date=2019-09-~~04}}</ref> The local Bishop, Rev. Peter Bernard Periera, Bishop of Trivandrum, Vincent Victor Dereere (a [[Belgians~~\|~~Belgian]]) and district collector Madhavan Nair were instrumental in acquiring a large parcel of land measuring 600 acres from coastal community.<ref>{{Cite web\|last~~=~~ICM\|first=Team\|title=When ISRO Aimed For the Heavens, a Tiny Church in Kerala Said Amen!~~\|url=https://~~indiancatholicmatters~~.org/~~when-india-aimed-for-the-heavens-a-tiny-church-~~in-~~kerala-said-amen/~~\|~~access~~-~~date~~=~~2020-10-26\|website=Indian Catholic Matters\|language=en-US~~}}</ref> ~~The Bishop Rev. Periera had given away the prayer hall and bishop's room in the local church for scientific pursuits of [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]].~~<ref>{{Cite web\|title=~~Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: Former President of India: Speeches : Details~~\|url=http://~~abdulkalam~~.~~nic.in~~/~~sp210203-3~~.html\|~~access~~-~~date~~=~~2020~~-10-26\|website=abdulkalam.nic.in}}</ref> Then Minister of State for External Affairs, [[Lakshmi N. Menon]] helped a lot in smoothing the bureaucratic hurdles before the project at Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Remembering the guiding light\|url=https://~~www~~.~~deccanchronicle~~.~~com~~/~~amp~~/~~lifestyle~~/~~viral-and-trending~~/~~301119~~/~~remembering-the-guiding-light~~.html\|access-date=~~2020~~-10-26\|website=~~www.deccanchronicle~~.com}}</ref> [[~~H. G. S. Murthy~~]] ~~was appointed as~~ the ~~first Director~~ of ~~Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station~~.<ref~~>{{Cite web\|url~~=~~https~~:/~~/www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-i-m-proud-that-i-recommended-him-for-isro-ev-chitnis-2109096\|title=I'm proud that I recommended him for ISRO: EV Chitnis}}</ref~~>		'''Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station''' ('''TERLS''') is India's first rocket launching station and was established on 21 November 1963.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/sounding-rockets\|title=Sounding Rockets - ISRO\|website=www.isro.gov.in\|access-date=2019-09-11\|archive-date=11 December 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211145536/https://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/sounding-rockets\|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web \|last=Wade \|first=Mark \|date=2019 \|title=Thumba \|url=http://astronautix.com/t/thumba.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521163843/http://astronautix.com/t/thumba.html \|archive-date=21 May 2022 \|access-date=2023-11-12 \|website=astronautix.com}}</ref> Operated by [[ISRO]], it is located in [[Thumba]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], which is near the southwestern tip of mainland India, very close to Earth's [[Magnetic dip\|magnetic equator]]. It is currently used by ISRO for launching [[sounding rocket]]s.<ref name=":0" />

	==Location==		The first rockets were assembled in the former St Louis High School, which now houses a space museum.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Pal \|first=Sanchari \|date=2016-11-08 \|title=Transported on a Bicycle, Launched from a Church: The Amazing Story of India's First Rocket Launch \|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/74283/first-rocket-india-thumba-vikram-sarabhai-abdul-kalam/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419214459/https://www.thebetterindia.com/74283/first-rocket-india-thumba-vikram-sarabhai-abdul-kalam/ \|archive-date=19 April 2019 \|access-date=2019-09-04 \|website=The Better India \|language=en-US}}</ref> The local Bishop of Trivandrum, Rev. Peter Bernard Periera, along with Vincent Victor Dereere (a [[Belgians\|Belgian]]) and district collector Madhavan Nair were instrumental in acquiring a large parcel of land measuring 600 acres from coastal community.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Joseph \|first=Verghese \|date=2019-07-23 \|title=When ISRO Aimed For the Heavens, a Tiny Church in Kerala Said Amen! \|url=https://indiancatholicmatters.org/when-india-aimed-for-the-heavens-a-tiny-church-in-kerala-said-amen/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028222043/https://indiancatholicmatters.org/when-india-aimed-for-the-heavens-a-tiny-church-in-kerala-said-amen/ \|archive-date=28 October 2020 \|access-date=2020-10-26 \|website=Indian Catholic Matters \|language=en-US}}</ref> Periera had given away the prayer hall and bishop's room in the local church. Minister of State for External Affairs, [[Lakshmi N. Menon]] helped to smooth bureaucratic hurdles facing the project in [[Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Remembering the guiding light\|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/301119/remembering-the-guiding-light.html\|access-date=2020-10-26\|website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]\|date=30 November 2019 \|archive-date=28 October 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028212145/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/amp/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/301119/remembering-the-guiding-light.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> [[H. G. S. Murthy]] was appointed as the first Director of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Pawar \|first=Ashwini \|date=Jul 29, 2015 \|title=I'm proud that I recommended him for ISRO: EV Chitnis \|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-i-m-proud-that-i-recommended-him-for-isro-ev-chitnis-2109096 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709211836/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-i-m-proud-that-i-recommended-him-for-isro-ev-chitnis-2109096 \|archive-date=9 July 2021 \|access-date=13 July 2021}}</ref>

			Rockets launched from the site include [[Rohini (rocket family)\|RH-300]], [[M-100 (rocket)\|M-100]], [[Nike-Apache\|Nike Apache]], [[Arcas (rocket)\|Arcas]], [[Boosted Arcas]], [[Skua (rocket)\|Skua]] 1, [[Centaure (rocket)\|Centaure]], Centaure 2A, Centaure 2B, [[Nike (rocket stage)\|Nike Tomahawk]], [[Dragon (rocket)\|Dragon]] 1, [[Judi-Dart]], Boosted Arcas 2, [[Petrel (rocket)\|Petrel]] 1, RH-75, Skua 2, [[Sandhawk]] Tomahawk, Menaka II, RH-125, M-100B, M-100A, RH-200 and RH-300 Mk II.<ref name=":1" />

			{{geogroup}}The site has five launchpads:

			* '''Pad 1''' at {{Coord\|8.533440511878172\|76.86728897138364\|name=Pad 1}}, sounding rockets<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Thumba Pad 1 \|last=Wade \|first=Mark \|date=2019 \|url=http://astronautix.com/t/thumbapad1.html \|access-date=2023-11-12 \|website=astronautix.com \|archive-date=12 November 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231112155308/http://astronautix.com/t/thumbapad1.html \|url-status=live }}</ref>
			* '''Pad 2''' at {{Coord\|8.53268929608746\|76.86794175657239\|name=Pad 2}}, sounding rockets<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Thumba Pad 2 \|last=Wade \|first=Mark \|date=2019 \|url=http://astronautix.com/t/thumbapad2.html \|access-date=2024-03-01 \|website=astronautix.com}}</ref>
			* '''Pad 3''' at {{Coord\|8.530164446832044\|76.86979707233245\|name=Pad 3}}, sounding rockets<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Thumba Pad 3 \|last=Wade \|first=Mark \|date=2019 \|url=http://astronautix.com/t/thumbapad3.html \|access-date=2024-03-01 \|website=astronautix.com}}</ref>
			* '''Pad 4''' at {{Coord\|8.529557306065989\|76.87081759512913\|name=Pad 4}}, sounding rockets<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Thumba Pad 4 \|last=Wade \|first=Mark \|date=2019 \|url=http://astronautix.com/t/thumbapad4.html \|access-date=2024-03-01 \|website=astronautix.com}}</ref>
			* '''Pad 5''' at {{Coord\|8.531419615302084\|76.86902030573928\|name=Pad 5}}, RH-300 launch complex, active after 1993<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Thumba Pad 5 \|last=Wade \|first=Mark \|date=2019 \|url=http://astronautix.com/t/thumbapad5.html \|access-date=2023-11-12 \|website=astronautix.com \|archive-date=17 January 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117155119/http://www.astronautix.com/t/thumbapad5.html \|url-status=live }}</ref>

			== Location ==
	[[Thumba]]'s<ref name="ley196406">{{Cite magazine		[[Thumba]]'s<ref name="ley196406">{{Cite magazine
	\|last=Ley		\|last=Ley
	\|first=Willy		\|first=Willy
	\|first2=		\|first2=
			\|date=June 1964
	\|title=Anyone Else for Space?		\|title=Anyone Else for Space?
	\|department=For Your Information		\|department=For Your Information
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	\|pages=110–128		\|pages=110–128
	\|type=		\|type=
	}}</ref> location at 8°32'34" N and 76°51'32" E is ideal for low-altitude, upper atmosphere and ionosphere studies. Thumba is a small fishing village situated close to the [[Thiruvananthapuram]] airport in [[Kerala]].<ref name = rediff>{{cite web\|title=Forty years in Space\|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/20spec.htm\|~~website~~=www.rediff.com\|~~publisher~~=~~India Abroad~~\|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Rocket science of south\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rocket-science-of-south/articleshow/46294497.cms\|first=Arun\|last=Ram\|access-date=November 12, 2022\|website=The Times of India}}</ref>		}}</ref> location at 8°32'34" N and 76°51'32" E is ideal for low-altitude, upper atmosphere and ionosphere studies. Thumba is a small fishing village situated close to the [[Thiruvananthapuram]] airport in [[Kerala]].<ref name="rediff">{{cite web \|last=Iype \|first=George \|date=November 20, 2003 \|title=Forty years in Space \|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/20spec.htm \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417222418/http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/20spec.htm \|archive-date=17 April 2021 \|access-date=10 May 2016 \|website=www.rediff.com \|publisher=India Abroad}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Rocket science of south\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rocket-science-of-south/articleshow/46294497.cms\|first=Arun\|last=Ram\|date=February 19, 2015\|access-date=November 12, 2022\|website=The Times of India\|archive-date=12 November 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112221531/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rocket-science-of-south/articleshow/46294497.cms\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	==References==		== See also ==
			{{Portal bar\|India\|Rocketry\|Spaceflight}}
			* [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]]
			* [[SSLV Launch Complex]]
			* [[Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre]]

			== References ==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	==External links==		== External links ==
			{{Commons category}}
	*[http://www.vssc.gov.in/ Official website of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre]		*[http://www.vssc.gov.in/ Official website of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre]

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	[[Category:Space programme of India]]		[[Category:Space programme of India]]
	[[Category:Spaceports]]		[[Category:Spaceports in Asia]]
	[[Category:Rocket launch sites in India]]		[[Category:Rocket launch sites in India]]
	[[Category:Organisations based in Thiruvananthapuram]]		[[Category:Organisations based in Thiruvananthapuram]]

Bot: robot, dating maintenance tag modified: {{Use dmy dates}}, {{Use Indian English}} and more

2023-06-30T11:20:18Z

robot, dating maintenance tag modified: {{Use dmy dates}}, {{Use Indian English}} and more

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:50, 30 June 2023
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	{{Short description\|Indian spaceport}}		{{Short description\|Indian spaceport}}
	{{Use dmy dates}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date= June 2023}}
	{{Use Indian English}}		{{Use Indian English\|date= June 2023}}
	{{Infobox launch pad		{{Infobox launch pad
	\| image = Rohini rocket.jpg		\| image = Rohini rocket.jpg
Line 28:		Line 28:
	\|pages=110–128		\|pages=110–128
	\|type=		\|type=
	}}</ref> location at 8°32'34" N and 76°51'32" E is ideal for low-altitude, upper atmosphere and ionosphere studies. Thumba is a small fishing village situated close to the [[Thiruvananthapuram]] airport in [[Kerala]].<ref name = rediff>{{cite web\|title=Forty years in Space\|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/20spec.htm\|website=www.rediff.com\|publisher=India Abroad\|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news\|title=Rocket science of south\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rocket-science-of-south/articleshow/46294497.cms\|first=Arun\|last=Ram\|access-date=November 12, 2022\|website=The Times of India}}</ref>		}}</ref> location at 8°32'34" N and 76°51'32" E is ideal for low-altitude, upper atmosphere and ionosphere studies. Thumba is a small fishing village situated close to the [[Thiruvananthapuram]] airport in [[Kerala]].<ref name = rediff>{{cite web\|title=Forty years in Space\|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/20spec.htm\|website=www.rediff.com\|publisher=India Abroad\|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|title=Rocket science of south\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rocket-science-of-south/articleshow/46294497.cms\|first=Arun\|last=Ram\|access-date=November 12, 2022\|website=The Times of India}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

150.242.22.6: Just completed a comprehensive guide.

2023-02-16T04:11:10Z

Just completed a comprehensive guide.

New page

{{Short description|Indian spaceport}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Use Indian English}}
{{Infobox launch pad
| image = Rohini rocket.jpg
| caption = Launch of RH-300 Mk2 from TERLS
| location = Thumba, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| coordinates = {{coord|8|32|34|N|76|51|32|E|type:landmark|display=inline}}
| time_zone = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset = +05:30
| short = TERLS
| established = {{Start date and age|df=y|1963|11|21}}
| operator = ISRO
}}
'''Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station''' ('''TERLS''') is an Indian [[spaceport]] established on 21 November 1963.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/sounding-rockets|title=Sounding Rockets - ISRO|website=www.isro.gov.in|access-date=2019-09-11}}</ref> Operated by the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO), it is located in [[Thumba]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], which is near the southern tip of mainland India, very close to earth's [[Magnetic dip|magnetic equator]]. It is currently used by ISRO for launching [[sounding rocket]]s.<ref name=":0" />

The first rockets were assembled in former St Louis High School, which houses now a space museum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/74283/first-rocket-india-thumba-vikram-sarabhai-abdul-kalam/|title=Transported on a Bicycle, Launched from a Church: The Amazing Story of India's First Rocket Launch|website=The Better India|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-04}}</ref> The local Bishop, Rev. Peter Bernard Periera, Bishop of Trivandrum, Vincent Victor Dereere (a [[Belgians|Belgian]]) and district collector Madhavan Nair were instrumental in acquiring a large parcel of land measuring 600 acres from coastal community.<ref>{{Cite web|last=ICM|first=Team|title=When ISRO Aimed For the Heavens, a Tiny Church in Kerala Said Amen!|url=https://indiancatholicmatters.org/when-india-aimed-for-the-heavens-a-tiny-church-in-kerala-said-amen/|access-date=2020-10-26|website=Indian Catholic Matters|language=en-US}}</ref> The Bishop Rev. Periera had given away the prayer hall and bishop's room in the local church for scientific pursuits of [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: Former President of India: Speeches : Details|url=http://abdulkalam.nic.in/sp210203-3.html|access-date=2020-10-26|website=abdulkalam.nic.in}}</ref> Then Minister of State for External Affairs, [[Lakshmi N. Menon]] helped a lot in smoothing the bureaucratic hurdles before the project at Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remembering the guiding light|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/amp/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/301119/remembering-the-guiding-light.html|access-date=2020-10-26|website=www.deccanchronicle.com}}</ref> [[H. G. S. Murthy]] was appointed as the first Director of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-i-m-proud-that-i-recommended-him-for-isro-ev-chitnis-2109096|title=I'm proud that I recommended him for ISRO: EV Chitnis}}</ref>

==Location==
[[Thumba]]'s<ref name="ley196406">{{Cite magazine
|last=Ley
|first=Willy
|first2=
|title=Anyone Else for Space?
|department=For Your Information
|url=https://archive.org/stream/Galaxy_v22n05_1964-06_modified#page/n69/mode/2up
|magazine=Galaxy Science Fiction
|pages=110–128
|type=
}}</ref> location at 8°32'34" N and 76°51'32" E is ideal for low-altitude, upper atmosphere and ionosphere studies. Thumba is a small fishing village situated close to the [[Thiruvananthapuram]] airport in [[Kerala]].<ref name = rediff>{{cite web|title=Forty years in Space|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/20spec.htm|website=www.rediff.com|publisher=India Abroad|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|title=Rocket science of south|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rocket-science-of-south/articleshow/46294497.cms|first=Arun|last=Ram|access-date=November 12, 2022|website=The Times of India}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

*[http://www.vssc.gov.in/ Official website of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre]

{{Coord|8|32|34|N|76|51|32|E|region:IN_type:isle|display=title}}

{{ISRO facilities|state=uncollapsed}}
{{Spaceport}}
{{Indian space programme}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Space programme of India]]
[[Category:Spaceports]]
[[Category:Rocket launch sites in India]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Thiruvananthapuram]]
[[Category:1963 establishments in Kerala]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Thiruvananthapuram district]]
[[Category:Transport infrastructure completed in 1963]]