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{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox religious biography
|background = #FFD068
|name = Thubten Jigme Norbu
|image= NorbuandbrotherDalaiLama.jpg
|caption = Norbu with his brother, the [[14th Dalai Lama]], in 1996
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|birth_date = {{Birth date|1922|8|16}}
|birth_place = [[Taktser]], Tibet
|death_date = {{Death date and age|2008|9|5|1922|8|16}}
|death_place = [[Bloomington, Indiana]], United States
|nationality = [[United States|American]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://qnck.cyol.com/content/2008-09/16/content_2359746.htm|title = 激进"藏独"分子借学术分裂祖国--舆情频道}}</ref>
|religion = [[Tibetan Buddhism]]
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}}
[[Image:Thubten Jigme Norbu.jpg|thumb|200px|Thubten Jigme Norbu on the cover of his 1961 book ''Tibet is My Country: Autobiography of Thubten Jigme Norbu, Brother of the Dalai Lama as told to Heinrich Harrer'' (translation from German by Edward Fitzgerald'')''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Tibet is my country: the autobiography of Thubten Jigme Norbu, brother of the Dalai Lama, as told to Heinrich Harrer Thubten Jigme Norbu ; translated from the German by Edward Fitzgerald. Thubten Jigme Norbu ; translated from the German by Edward Fitzgerald.|last1=Thubten Jigme Norbu|last2=Harrer|first2=Heinrich|date=1961|publisher=Dutton|location=New York|language=English|oclc=1084817875}}</ref>|alt=]]
'''Thubten Jigme Norbu''' ({{bo|t=ཐུབ་བསྟན་འཇིགས་མེད་ནོར་བུ་|w=Thub-stan 'Jigs-med Nor-bu}}) (August 16, 1922 – September 5, 2008),<ref>{{cite web|last=Martin|first=Douglas|title=Thubten Norbu, eldest brother of Dalai Lama, dies|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/09/world/americas/09iht-obits.1.16009764.html|date=September 9, 2008|access-date=October 13, 2021|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> recognised as the [[Taktser Rinpoche]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Gittings|first=John|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/sep/08/tibet|title=Obituary:Thubten Jigme Norbu|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=September 7, 2008|access-date=October 13, 2021}}</ref> was a [[Tibetan people|Tibetan]] [[lama]], writer, [[civil and political rights|civil rights activist]] and professor of Tibetan studies and was the eldest brother of the [[14th Dalai Lama]], Tenzin Gyatso. He was one of the first high-profile Tibetans to go into exile and was the first to [[Tibetan Americans|settle in the United States]].

==Early life==
Thubten Jigme Norbu was born in 1922 in the small, mountain village of [[Taktser]] in the [[Amdo County]] of Eastern [[Tibet]].

==Independence walks==
[[File:Kalacakra stupa.jpg|left|thumb|262x262px|Stupa on the grounds of Tibetan Mongolian Buddhist Cultural Center, Bloomington, Indiana. The [[14th Dalai Lama|Dalai Lama]] performed the initiation here in 1999, "to promote world peace."]]
In 1995, Norbu cofounded the [[International Tibet Independence Movement]] (ITIM). He led three walks for Tibet's independence, starting in 1995 with a week-long walk 80 miles from Bloomington, Indiana to [[Indianapolis]], Indiana. In 1996 he led a 300-mile, 45-day walk from the PRC embassy in Washington, DC to the [[Headquarters of the United Nations]], surrounded by New York City. The following year, joined by [[Dadon]] with her 3-year-old son, he led a 600-mile walk from [[Toronto]] to New York City, beginning on March 10 ([[Tibetan Uprising Day]]) and ending June 14 ([[Flag Day (United States)|Flag Day]]).

==Life in the US==
[[File:Bloomington-TibetanCC-Stupa-9107.jpg|thumb|On the grounds of Tibetan Mongolian Buddhist Cultural Center, Bloomington, Indiana]]
Norbu lived at the Tibetan-Mongolian Buddhist Cultural Center with his wife Kunyang. They have three sons, Lhundrup, Kunga and Jigme Norbu, all born in New York. In late 2002, Norbu suffered a series of strokes and became an invalid.

Norbu died at the age of 86 on September 5, 2008, at his home in Indiana in the United States having been ill for several years. His body was [[cremation|cremated]] in a traditional Buddhist ceremony.<ref name="cremation">{{cite news |url=http://www.idsnews.com/news/story.aspx?id=62690&comview=1 |title=Dalai Lama's brother cremated Thursday |first=Elvia |last=Malagon |newspaper=[[Indiana Daily Student]] |date=September 12, 2008 |accessdate=September 12, 2008}}</ref> His youngest son, Jigme, died at the age of 45 on February 14, 2011, while carrying on his father's work. He was hit by a car in Florida during a walk to promote Tibetan independence and raise awareness of Tibet.

==Writings==
*''Tibet Is My Country'' is his autobiography dictated to Heinrich Harrer in 1959, and updated with a new essay in 1987 ({{ISBN|0861710452}}) and 2006 ({{ISBN|1425488587}})
*''Tibet: Its History, Religion and People'', co-written with [[Colin Turnbull]] in 1968 ({{ISBN|0671205595}})
*''Tibet: The Issue Is Independence – Tibetans-in-Exile Address the Key Tibetan Issue the World Avoids'' is an essay collection from 1994 by Tibetans in the diaspora (mainly [[Tibetan American]]s) and features an introduction by Norbu ({{ISBN|0938077759}})
*Norbu and [[Robert B. Ekvall]] provided the first English translation of the Tibetan play originally authored by the fifth [[Panchen Lama]] [[Lobsang Yeshe]] ''Younger Brother Don Yod'' in 1969.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20021123040502/http://www.rangzen.org/march/tjnbio.html Biography]
*[http://www.tmbcc.org/our-past/=1 Tibetan Mongolian Buddhist Cultural Center]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080915030921/http://www.savetibet.org/news/newsitem.php?id=1358 Taktser Rinpoche, eldest brother of the Dalai Lama, passes away]
*[http://www.jamyangnorbu.com/blog/2008/09/17/remembering-the-first-rangzen-marcher/ Reminiscences of Thubten Jigme Norbu] by [[Jamyang Norbu]]
*[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/thubten-jigme-norbu-activist-and-dalai-lamas-brother-928816.html ''The Independent'': Thubten Jigme Norbu: Activist and Dalai Lama's brother]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}

{{Buddhism topics}}
{{Modern Buddhist writers}}
{{IU-CEUS}}
{{14th Dalai Lama}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Norbu, Thubten Jigme}}
[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:2008 deaths]]
[[Category:American civil rights activists]]
[[Category:Lamas]]
[[Category:American people of Tibetan descent]]
[[Category:Indiana University faculty]]
[[Category:Tibetan dissidents]]
[[Category:Tibetan Buddhism writers]]
[[Category:Tibetan Buddhist spiritual teachers]]
[[Category:Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet]]
[[Category:Tibet freedom activists]]
[[Category:Tibetan writers]]
[[Category:Rinpoches]]
[[Category:Taktser Rinpoches]]

Thubten Jigme Norbu - Revision history

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