Thrikkunnathu Seminary - Revision history

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
[[File:St Mary's Church Thrikkunnathu.jpg|thumb|St Mary's Church at Thrikkunnathu Seminary in [[Aluva]], 2009.]]
{{Coord|10.1026152|N|76.3574106|E|display=title}}
'''Thrikkunathu Seminary''' is a historic <ref name="ex1">The New Indian Express, ''[http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article23462.ece Meeting proves inconclusive]'', 15 January 2009, retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> [[seminary]] under the ownership of [[Malankara Orthodox Church|Malankara Orthodox Church]] in [[Aluva]], [[Ernakulam]].Owing to an ownership dispute between the factions ( metropolitan and patriarch )the seminary was closed in December 1977.<ref name="ex1"/> The church is a [[pilgrimage]] site for Christians in India. It is the head quarters of Angamaly diocese of [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]] .

==St Mary's Church==
::{{Main|St. Mary's Church Thrikkunnathu}}
In 1880 the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church acquired {{convert|18|acre|m2}} of land for construction of the church and a cornerstone was laid in 1889. The church began as a small building [[thatch]]ed with [[coconut]] leaves which was slowly built out in the early 1900s. H.G Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasios inn the early 1930s built the present St Mary's Church. .<ref name="saint">hindu.com, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20041119184059/http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/21/stories/2004082111260400.htm Mar Athanasius canonized as saint]'', 21 August 2004, retrieved 16 June 2009. Note: This independent source calls the Orthodox and Jacobite Syrian churches "factions."</ref> Mar Athanasius both gave away and sold at very low cost much of his inherited land so that Syrian Christians settling in the area could live near the church. The western side of the building was enlarged in 1964. Inside are the tombs of four 19th and 20th century Angamaly diocesan [[metropolitan bishop|metropolitan]]s,H.G [[Kadavil Paulose Mar Athanasius]] (d 1907), H.G Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasios (d 1953) H.G Vayalipparambil Geevarghese Mar Gregorios (d 1966) and H.G Philippose Mar Theophilos.<ref name="scc">syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/StAt/ThrikkunnathuPally.htm Thrikkunnathu St Mary's Church]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref>

On 25 and 26 January each year thousands of pilgrims gather at the seminary to take part in the celebrations commemorating the feast (Dhukrono- Death Anniversary) of the metropolitans .<ref name="scc"/>

==Seminary==
A cornerstone for the seminary was laid down in 1904. An English middle school was also planned but never built. Like the newer church building, the seminary was finished and opened by H.G Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasius in 1930–31. A dormitory for seminary students called the ''Syrian Hostel'' was also built nearby. In the spring of 1931 [[List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch|Syriac Orthodox Patriarch]] [[Ignatius Elias III]] began a long journey of mediation throughout India by staying at the new seminary, after first calling on British officials [[Lord Irwin]] in [[Delhi]] and [[George Frederick Stanley|George Stanley]] at [[Madras]].

A second floor was added in 1956. From its opening in 1931 until the 1970s Thrikkunnathu Seminary was a notable teaching facility for [[clergy]] in the northern [[dioceses]] of the Malankara Orthodox SyrianChurch.<ref name="scs">syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/StAt/ThrikkunnathuSeminary.htm Thrikkunnathu Seminary]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref>

==Closing and later history==
When the [[Malankara Syrian Church]] split in 1975<ref name="saint"/><ref>syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/MalankaraSyrianChurch/MalankaraHistory.htm A Brief history of the Jacobite Syrian Christian Church of India]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> the seminary's resident [[metropolitan bishop]] had been Angamali diocesan head of the official Orthodox church body since the late 1960s. The seminary building, church and grounds ownership was retained by Malankara Orthodox Church.<ref name="scs"/> Ownership was disputed in the aftermath and two years later, on 6 December 1977 the seminary and church were closed.<ref name="ex1"/> Malankara Orthodox metropolitans still reside in the seminary building.<ref name="scs"/>

In 1997 H.G Philipose Mar Theophilos, a metropolitan of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, passed away while staying at the old seminary building and was entombed next to the church. This tomb was later rebuilt as another room of the church building itself.<ref name="scc"/>

Since the early 1980s the Patriarch faction started to worship in a rented building called ''Mass Hall'' not far from St Mary's Church.<ref name="scc"/><ref name="soc">sor.cua.edu, ''[http://sor.cua.edu/ChMon/UdayagiriMSOTS/index.html Malankara Syrian Orthodox Seminary]'', retrieved 17 June 2009</ref>

[[Mediation]] efforts to settle disagreements over the use of<ref name="aluvaindex">aluvaindex.com, ''[http://www.aluvaindex.com/listing/st-marys-orthodox-syrian-church-thrikkunnathu-seminary-aluva/ St. Mary's Orthodox Chapel, Thrikkunnathu Seminary]''St Mary's Church</ref> the seminary have been unsuccessful. On 3 July 2005, local police were called to the closed church when violence broke out over the long-standing ownership dispute. A government lawyer's automobile was set on fire, priests and others were reportedly hurt and there were claims of [[police brutality]].<ref>hindu.com, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080128194425/http://www.hindu.com/2006/01/04/stories/2006010422740400.htm Jacobites plan to hold relay prayer meeting]'', 4 January 2006, retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> In January 2009 the church had been closed for over 31 years when ''The New Indian Express'', after speaking with a spokesman for the Malankara Orthodox church, reported that "the Catholicos faction was not averse to letting the faithful of both factions worship in the Church, but the top Church officials of the Patriarch faction cannot be allowed in."<ref name="ex1"/>

In January 2006, the Hindu reported that "A meeting of various groups under the Orthodox Church on Sunday at the seminary said that they would protect the seminary property at any cost and warned that the Government would be responsible for the fall out of anyone using force to enter the seminary premises."<ref>hindu.com, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20061224062238/http://www.hindu.com/2006/01/17/stories/2006011717040300.htm Rival factions reiterate claim to seminary]'', 17 January 2006, retrieved 8 July 2009</ref>

==See also==
* [[Syrian Malabar Nasrani]]
* [[Syrian church in India]]

==References and notes==
{{Reflist}}

{{Christianity in Kerala}}

[[Category:Churches in Ernakulam district]]
[[Category:1930s establishments in India]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:23, 4 August 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2020}}
	[[File:St Mary's Church Thrikkunnathu.jpg\|thumb\|St Mary's Church at Thrikkunnathu Seminary in [[Aluva]], ~~2009~~.]]		[[File:St Mary's Church Thrikkunnathu.jpg\|thumb\|St Mary's Church at Thrikkunnathu Seminary in [[Aluva]], 2018.]]
	{{Coord\|10.1026152\|N\|76.3574106\|E\|display=title}}		{{Coord\|10.1026152\|N\|76.3574106\|E\|display=title}}
	'''Thrikkunathu Seminary''' is a historic <ref name="ex1">The New Indian Express, ''[http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article23462.ece Meeting proves inconclusive]'', 15 January 2009, retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> [[seminary]] under the ownership of [[~~Malankara Orthodox Church\|~~Malankara Orthodox Church]] in [[Aluva]], [[Ernakulam]].Owing to an ownership dispute between the factions ~~( metropolitan~~ and ~~patriarch )~~the seminary was closed in December 1977.<ref name="ex1"/> The church is a [[pilgrimage]] site for Christians in India. It is the head quarters of Angamaly diocese of [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]] .		'''Thrikkunathu Seminary''' is a historic<ref name="ex1">The New Indian Express, ''[http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article23462.ece Meeting proves inconclusive]'', 15 January 2009, retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> [[seminary]] under the ownership of [[Malankara Orthodox Church]] in [[Aluva]], [[Ernakulam]].Owing to an ownership dispute between the factions,the ''[[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church\|Methran Kakshi]]'' and the ''[[Jacobite Syrian Christian Church\|Bava Kashi]],'' the seminary was closed in December 1977.<ref name="ex1"/> The church is a [[pilgrimage]] site for Christians in India. It is the head quarters of Angamaly diocese of [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]] .

	==St Mary's Church==		==St Mary's Church==
	::{{Main\|St. Mary's Church Thrikkunnathu}}		::{{Main\|St. Mary's Church Thrikkunnathu}}
	In 1880 the Malankara ~~Orthodox Syrian~~ Church acquired {{convert\|18\|acre\|m2}} of land for construction of the church and a cornerstone was laid in 1889. The church began as a small building [[thatch]]ed with [[coconut]] leaves which was slowly built out in the early 1900s. ~~H.G~~ Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasios ~~inn~~ the early 1930s built the present St Mary's Church. .<ref name="saint">hindu.com, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20041119184059/http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/21/stories/2004082111260400.htm Mar Athanasius canonized as saint]'', 21 August 2004, retrieved 16 June 2009. Note: This independent source calls the Orthodox and Jacobite Syrian churches "factions."</ref> Mar Athanasius both gave away and sold at very low ~~cost~~ much of his inherited land so that Syrian Christians settling in the area could live near the church. The western side of the building was enlarged in 1964. Inside are the tombs of four 19th and 20th century Angamaly diocesan [[metropolitan bishop\|~~metropolitan~~]]s,~~H.G~~ [[Kadavil Paulose Mar Athanasius]] (d 1907), ~~H.G~~ Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasios (d 1953) ~~H.G~~ Vayalipparambil Geevarghese Mar Gregorios (d 1966) and ~~H.G~~ Philippose Mar Theophilos.<ref name="scc">syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/StAt/ThrikkunnathuPally.htm Thrikkunnathu St Mary's Church]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref>		In 1880 the [[Malankara Church]] acquired {{convert\|18\|acre\|m2}} of land for construction of the church and a cornerstone was laid in 1889. The church began as a small building [[thatch]]ed with [[coconut]] leaves which was slowly built out in the early 1900s. Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasios in the early 1930s built the present St Mary's Church.<ref name="saint">hindu.com, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20041119184059/http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/21/stories/2004082111260400.htm Mar Athanasius canonized as saint]'', 21 August 2004, retrieved 16 June 2009. Note: This independent source calls the Orthodox and Jacobite Syrian churches "factions."</ref> Mar Athanasius both gave away and sold at a very low price much of his inherited land so that Syrian Christians settling in the area could live near the church. The western side of the building was enlarged in 1964. Inside are the tombs of four 19th and 20th century Angamaly diocesan [[metropolitan bishop\|metropolitans]], [[Kadavil Paulose Mar Athanasius]] (d 1907), Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasios (d 1953) Vayalipparambil Geevarghese Mar Gregorios (d 1966) and Philippose Mar Theophilos.<ref name="scc">syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/StAt/ThrikkunnathuPally.htm Thrikkunnathu St Mary's Church]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref>

	On 25 and 26 January each year thousands of pilgrims gather at the seminary to take part in the celebrations commemorating the feast (Dhukrono- Death Anniversary) of the metropolitans .<ref name="scc"/>		On 25 and 26 January each year thousands of pilgrims gather at the seminary to take part in the celebrations commemorating the feast (Dhukrono- Death Anniversary) of the metropolitans .<ref name="scc"/>

	==Seminary==		==Seminary==
	A cornerstone for the seminary was laid down in 1904. An English middle school was also planned but never built. Like the newer church building, the seminary was finished and opened by ~~H.G~~ Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasius in 1930–31. A dormitory for seminary students called the ''Syrian Hostel'' was also built nearby. In the spring of 1931 [[List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch\|Syriac Orthodox Patriarch]] [[Ignatius Elias III]] began a long journey of mediation throughout India by staying at the new seminary, after first calling on British officials [[Lord Irwin]] in [[Delhi]] and [[George Frederick Stanley\|George Stanley]] at [[Madras]].		A cornerstone for the seminary was laid down in 1904. An English middle school was also planned but never built. Like the newer church building, the seminary was finished and opened by Kuttikkattil Paulose Mar Athanasius in 1930–31. A dormitory for seminary students called the ''Syrian Hostel'' was also built nearby. In the spring of 1931 [[List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch\|Syriac Orthodox Patriarch]] [[Ignatius Elias III]] began a long journey of mediation throughout India by staying at the new seminary, after first calling on British officials [[Lord Irwin]] in [[Delhi]] and [[George Frederick Stanley\|George Stanley]] at [[Madras]].

	A second floor was added in 1956. From its opening in 1931 until the 1970s Thrikkunnathu Seminary was a notable teaching facility for [[clergy]] in the northern [[dioceses]] of the Malankara Orthodox SyrianChurch.<ref name="scs">syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/StAt/ThrikkunnathuSeminary.htm Thrikkunnathu Seminary]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref>		A second floor was added in 1956. From its opening in 1931 until the 1970s Thrikkunnathu Seminary was a notable teaching facility for [[clergy]] in the northern [[dioceses]] of the Malankara Orthodox SyrianChurch.<ref name="scs">syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/StAt/ThrikkunnathuSeminary.htm Thrikkunnathu Seminary]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref>
Line 18:		Line 18:
	When the [[Malankara Syrian Church]] split in 1975<ref name="saint"/><ref>syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/MalankaraSyrianChurch/MalankaraHistory.htm A Brief history of the Jacobite Syrian Christian Church of India]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> the seminary's resident [[metropolitan bishop]] had been Angamali diocesan head of the official Orthodox church body since the late 1960s. The seminary building, church and grounds ownership was retained by Malankara Orthodox Church.<ref name="scs"/> Ownership was disputed in the aftermath and two years later, on 6 December 1977 the seminary and church were closed.<ref name="ex1"/> Malankara Orthodox metropolitans still reside in the seminary building.<ref name="scs"/>		When the [[Malankara Syrian Church]] split in 1975<ref name="saint"/><ref>syrianchurch.org, ''[http://www.syrianchurch.org/MalankaraSyrianChurch/MalankaraHistory.htm A Brief history of the Jacobite Syrian Christian Church of India]'', retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> the seminary's resident [[metropolitan bishop]] had been Angamali diocesan head of the official Orthodox church body since the late 1960s. The seminary building, church and grounds ownership was retained by Malankara Orthodox Church.<ref name="scs"/> Ownership was disputed in the aftermath and two years later, on 6 December 1977 the seminary and church were closed.<ref name="ex1"/> Malankara Orthodox metropolitans still reside in the seminary building.<ref name="scs"/>

	In 1997 ~~H.G~~ Philipose Mar Theophilos, a metropolitan of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, ~~passed away~~ while staying at the old seminary building and was entombed next to the church. This tomb was later rebuilt as another room of the church building itself.<ref name="scc"/>		In 1997 Philipose Mar Theophilos, then metropolitan of Angamali diocese of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, died while staying at the old seminary building and was entombed next to the church. This tomb was later rebuilt as another room of the church building itself.<ref name="scc"/>

	Since the early 1980s the Patriarch faction started to worship in a rented building called ''Mass Hall'' not far from St Mary's Church.<ref name="scc"/><ref name="soc">sor.cua.edu, ''[http://sor.cua.edu/ChMon/UdayagiriMSOTS/index.html Malankara Syrian Orthodox Seminary]'', retrieved 17 June 2009</ref>		Since the early 1980s the Patriarch faction started to worship in a rented building called ''Mass Hall'' not far from St Mary's Church.<ref name="scc"/><ref name="soc">sor.cua.edu, ''[http://sor.cua.edu/ChMon/UdayagiriMSOTS/index.html Malankara Syrian Orthodox Seminary]'', retrieved 17 June 2009</ref>

	[[Mediation]] efforts to settle disagreements over the use of<ref name="aluvaindex">aluvaindex.com, ''[http://www.aluvaindex.com/listing/st-marys-orthodox-syrian-church-thrikkunnathu-seminary-aluva/ St. Mary's Orthodox Chapel, Thrikkunnathu Seminary]''St Mary's Church</ref> the seminary have been unsuccessful. On 3 July 2005, local police were called to the closed church when violence broke out over the long-standing ownership dispute. A government lawyer's automobile was set on fire, priests and others were reportedly hurt and there were claims of [[police brutality]].<ref>hindu.com, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080128194425/http://www.hindu.com/2006/01/04/stories/2006010422740400.htm Jacobites plan to hold relay prayer meeting]'', 4 January 2006, retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> In January 2009 the church had been closed for over 31 years when ''The New Indian Express'', after speaking with a spokesman for the Malankara Orthodox church, reported that "the Catholicos faction was not averse to letting the faithful of both factions worship in the Church, but the top Church officials of the Patriarch faction cannot be allowed in."<ref name="ex1"/>		[[Mediation]] efforts to settle disagreements over the use of<ref name="aluvaindex">aluvaindex.com, ''[http://www.aluvaindex.com/listing/st-marys-orthodox-syrian-church-thrikkunnathu-seminary-aluva/ St. Mary's Orthodox Chapel, Thrikkunnathu Seminary]''St Mary's Church</ref> the seminary have been unsuccessful. On 3 July 2005, local police were called to the closed church when violence broke out over the long-standing ownership dispute. A government lawyer's automobile was set on fire, priests and others were reportedly hurt and there were claims of [[police brutality]].<ref>hindu.com, ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080128194425/http://www.hindu.com/2006/01/04/stories/2006010422740400.htm Jacobites plan to hold relay prayer meeting]'', 4 January 2006, retrieved 16 June 2009</ref> In January 2009 the church had been closed for over 31 years when ''The New Indian Express'', after speaking with a spokesman for the Malankara Orthodox church, reported that "the Catholicos faction was not averse to letting the faithful of both factions worship in the Church, but the top Church officials of the Patriarch faction cannot be allowed in."<ref name="ex1"/>