->Citation bot: Alter: url. URLs might have been anonymized. Add: isbn. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | #UCB_webform 399/1071

2021-11-19T16:39:17Z

Alter: url. URLs might have been anonymized. Add: isbn. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | #UCB_webform 399/1071

New page

{{use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}

'''Tondaimandalam Mudliar''' is a high-ranking [[Caste system in India|subcaste]] of the [[Vellalar]] caste in the state of [[Tamil Nadu]], India who tend, to adopt the title of ''[[Mudaliar]]''.{{sfnp|Gough|1982|p=19|ps=}}

Susan Neild notes the [[Kondaikatti Vellalar|Kandaikatti (Kondaikatti Vellala]], [[Thondai Mandala Aadhi Saiva Vellala]] and [[Tuluva Vellala]]rs as being the "predominant" subcastes of the Thondamandala Vellala.{{sfnp|Neild|1979|ps=}}{{efn|[[Susan Bayly]] has noted of the Vellalar communities generally that "they were never a tighly-knit community ... In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries Vellala affiliation was a vague and uncertain as that of most other south Indian caste groups. Vellala identity was certainly thought of as a source of prestige, but for that very reason there were any number of groups who sought to claim Vellala status for themselves".{{sfnp|Bayly|2004|p=411|ps=}}}}They practice [[endogamy]] and have a least two subgroups themselves, being the higher-status Melnadu and the lower-ranked Kilnadu.{{sfnp|Gough|1982|p=25|ps=}}

According to [[Burton Stein]] the Thondaimandala Vellala appeared to be linked to the [[Vokkaliga#Morasu Vokkaliga|Morasu Vokkaliga]]s of Bangalore and [[Kolar district|Kolar]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Peasant State and Society in Medieval South India|last=Stein|first=Burton|date=1980|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4SsKAQAAIAAJ&q=Gangadikara+peasantry+of+Gangavadi+|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=319|location=Delhi|isbn=978-0-19-563507-2}}:”The Gangadikara peasantry of Gangavadi appears to have been more significantly linked to the Kongu peasantry to the south than to peasant peoples in the central and northern parts of medieval Karnataka. Similarly, the Marasu Vokkaligas of eastern Bangalore and central and southern Kolar districts appear to have been linked to Tondaimandalam”</ref>

In her study concentrated on two villages in 1951-53, [[Kathleen Gough]] noted the Thondamandala Vellala subjects there to have been traditionally "landlords, warriors, and officials of the state class". She thought it likely that they had moved to their present area in [[Thanjavur]] around the 15th century when the [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagaras]] were making incursions on their former heartland of [[Kanchipuram]] in the [[Pallava Empire|Pallava country]]. She noted those households studied as being the highest-ranked members of the village community after the [[Brahmin]]s, and possibly to have in some cases increased their wealth and land by being appointed as revenue collectors for the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] when it took over the area in the period after 1780.{{sfnp|Gough|1982|pp=vii, 358|ps=}}

== References ==
'''Notes'''
{{notelist}}
'''Citations'''
{{reflist}}

'''Bibliography'''
*{{cite book |title=Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700-1900 |first=Susan |last=Bayly |author-link=Susan Bayly |publisher=Cambridge University Press |origyear=1989 |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-52189-103-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fxqtx8SflEsC}}
*{{cite book |last=Gough|first=Kathleen|author-link=Kathleen Gough|title=Rural Society in South East Asia|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1982|isbn=978-0-52104-019-8}}
*{{cite journal |last=Neild |first=Susan M. |title=Colonial Urbanism: The Development of Madras City in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=13 |issue=2 |year=1979 |pages=217–246 |doi=10.1017/S0026749X00008301 |jstor=312124}}

[[Category:Vellalar]]
[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]

Thondaimandala Vellala - Revision history

->Citation bot: Alter: url. URLs might have been anonymized. Add: isbn. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | #UCB_webform 399/1071