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2022-05-25T15:18:58Z

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	Brigadier General''' Thomas John Anquetil ''' (1784 – 12 January 1842) was an officer of the [[British Indian Army]] who was the last senior officer to command the ill-fated Army of the Indus force as it retreated from [[Kabul]] in the [[First Anglo-Afghan War]] in 1842.<ref>{{cite web\|last1=Luscombe\|first1=Stephen\|title=The British Empire, Imperialism, Colonialism, Colonies\|url=http://www.britishempire.co.uk/forces/armycampaigns/indiancampaigns/afghanistan1839.htm\|website=www.britishempire.co.uk\|accessdate=21 January ~~2022~~}}</ref> His superiors during the campaign were Generals [[William George Keith Elphinstone\|Sir William Elphinstone]] and [[John Shelton (British Army officer)\|John Shelton]]. Elphinstone and Shelton were captured and interned by the Afghan rebels, Anquetil on the other hand would die fighting with his force in the mountain passes between Kabul and [[Jalalabad]].<ref>{{cite web\|title=Brigadier General Thomas Anquetil - theislandwiki\|url=https://www.theislandwiki.org/index.php/Brigadier_General_Thomas_Anquetil\|website=www.theislandwiki.org\|accessdate=21 January 2018\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=The Retreat from Kabul: A Lesson from History – Prisoners of Eternity\|url=http://www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk/the-retreat-from-kabul-a-lesson-from-history/\|website=www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk\|accessdate=21 January ~~2022~~}}</ref> The British Army and [[East India Company]] would lose 4,500 men (mainly Indian soldiers) and 12,000 civilians (mainly Indian), massacred by Afghan tribesmen loyal to the rebel leader [[Wazir Akbar Khan]]. Anquetil was said to have died ‘fighting hand to hand with the enemy’ near Jugdulluk, close to the Kabul pass.		Brigadier General''' Thomas John Anquetil ''' (1784 – 12 January 1842) was an officer of the [[British Indian Army]] who was the last senior officer to command the ill-fated Army of the Indus force as it retreated from [[Kabul]] in the [[First Anglo-Afghan War]] in 1842.<ref>{{cite web\|last1=Luscombe\|first1=Stephen\|title=The British Empire, Imperialism, Colonialism, Colonies\|url=http://www.britishempire.co.uk/forces/armycampaigns/indiancampaigns/afghanistan1839.htm\|website=www.britishempire.co.uk\|accessdate=21 January 2018}}</ref> His superiors during the campaign were Generals [[William George Keith Elphinstone\|Sir William Elphinstone]] and [[John Shelton (British Army officer)\|John Shelton]]. Elphinstone and Shelton were captured and interned by the Afghan rebels, Anquetil on the other hand would die fighting with his force in the mountain passes between Kabul and [[Jalalabad]].<ref>{{cite web\|title=Brigadier General Thomas Anquetil - theislandwiki\|url=https://www.theislandwiki.org/index.php/Brigadier_General_Thomas_Anquetil\|website=www.theislandwiki.org\|accessdate=21 January 2018\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=The Retreat from Kabul: A Lesson from History – Prisoners of Eternity\|url=http://www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk/the-retreat-from-kabul-a-lesson-from-history/\|website=www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk\|accessdate=21 January 2018}}</ref> The British Army and [[East India Company]] would lose 4,500 men (mainly Indian soldiers) and 12,000 civilians (mainly Indian), massacred by Afghan tribesmen loyal to the rebel leader [[Wazir Akbar Khan]]. Anquetil was said to have died ‘fighting hand to hand with the enemy’ near Jugdulluk, close to the Kabul pass.

	==Family Background==		==Family Background==

Bot at 15:18, 25 May 2022

2022-05-25T15:18:58Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Thomas John Anquetil
| honorific_suffix =
| image = St Peters Plaque Anquetii 1842.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| alt =
| caption = Memorial in St Peter's Anglican Church (Fort William, Kolkata)
| birth_date = December 1784
| birth_place = [[Jersey]], Channel Islands
| death_date = {{death date and given age|1842|01|12|58|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Afghanistan]]
| placeofburial =
| placeofburial_label = Unknown
| placeofburial_coordinates = 
| allegiance = [[United Kingdom]]
| branch = [[East India Company]]'s [[Bengal Army]]
| serviceyears = 1804–42
| rank = [[Lieutenant Colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant Colonel]]<br />([[Brigadier General (United Kingdom)|Brigadier General]] in the British Indian army)
| unit = 22nd, 44th and 57th Regiments [[Bengal Native Infantry]]
| commands =
| battles = Shekhawati Campaign<br />[[First Anglo-Afghan War]]
| battles_label = Wars
| awards =
| memorials =
| spouse = 
| relations =
}}
Brigadier General''' Thomas John Anquetil ''' (1784 – 12 January 1842) was an officer of the [[British Indian Army]] who was the last senior officer to command the ill-fated Army of the Indus force as it retreated from [[Kabul]] in the [[First Anglo-Afghan War]] in 1842.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Luscombe|first1=Stephen|title=The British Empire, Imperialism, Colonialism, Colonies|url=http://www.britishempire.co.uk/forces/armycampaigns/indiancampaigns/afghanistan1839.htm|website=www.britishempire.co.uk|accessdate=21 January 2022}}</ref> His superiors during the campaign were Generals [[William George Keith Elphinstone|Sir William Elphinstone]] and [[John Shelton (British Army officer)|John Shelton]]. Elphinstone and Shelton were captured and interned by the Afghan rebels, Anquetil on the other hand would die fighting with his force in the mountain passes between Kabul and [[Jalalabad]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Brigadier General Thomas Anquetil - theislandwiki|url=https://www.theislandwiki.org/index.php/Brigadier_General_Thomas_Anquetil|website=www.theislandwiki.org|accessdate=21 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Retreat from Kabul: A Lesson from History – Prisoners of Eternity|url=http://www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk/the-retreat-from-kabul-a-lesson-from-history/|website=www.prisonersofeternity.co.uk|accessdate=21 January 2022}}</ref> The British Army and [[East India Company]] would lose 4,500 men (mainly Indian soldiers) and 12,000 civilians (mainly Indian), massacred by Afghan tribesmen loyal to the rebel leader [[Wazir Akbar Khan]]. Anquetil was said to have died ‘fighting hand to hand with the enemy’ near Jugdulluk, close to the Kabul pass.

==Family Background==
Thomas John Anquetil is recorded as being baptised at his parents’ home and later registered in [[Saint Helier]], Jersey on 17 January 1785. His parents were Thomas Anquetil and Marie Poingdestre.<ref>Jersey, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1540-1812</ref>

==Military career==
In 1803 Anquetil is recorded in the 6th Class of Cadets in India as a cadet officer destined for the Bengal Native Infantry.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Asiatic Annual Register, Or, a View of the History of Hindustan and of the Politics, Commerce and Literature of Asia|date=1807|publisher=Debrett|page=140|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U3ZfAAAAcAAJ&q=thomas+john+anquetil&pg=RA2-PA140|accessdate=22 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> He served in the Mahratta campaign attached to the Light Brigade. He commanded the Pioneer Corps, the 22nd,<ref>{{cite book|title=The India Office and Burma Office List|date=1821|page=384|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eAULAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=22 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> 44th and 57th Bengal Native Infantry Regiments. He was appointed Adjutant-General of General Robert Stevenson's force in the Shekhawati campaign of 1834 in the restive Rajputna Agency.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bingley|first1=A.H.|title=Hand-book on Rajputs : history and origin, geographical distribution, religion, custom, and festivals|date=2011|publisher=Asian Educational Services|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-8120602045|page=90|edition=Reprint.|url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8120602048|accessdate=24 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> He was then appointed brigadier and commanded the Oudh Contingent. He went on to command [[Shah Shujah Durrani|Shah Shuja]]'s army. He was killed in the retreat from Kabul at or near an ambush at Jagdalak on 12 January 1842.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dictionary of Indian Biography|date=1906|pages=14&15}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Clark|first1=F|title=The India Office and Burma Office List|date=1843|publisher=Wm H Allen|location=London|page=246|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PgcLAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=22 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Retreat from Jugdulluk - FIBIwiki|url=https://wiki.fibis.org/w/Retreat_from_Jugdulluk|website=wiki.fibis.org|publisher=FIBIS|accessdate=22 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>

==Memorials==
Anquetil has no known grave; as with most of the fallen of his force their remains were scattered where they fell in the mountain passes of Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Retreat from Jugdulluk - FIBIwiki|url=https://wiki.fibis.org/w/Retreat_from_Jugdulluk|website=wiki.fibis.org|accessdate=21 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> He is remembered in two churches: one in the [[Anglican]] parish church in St Helier, Jersey; the other in St John's Church in [[Kolkata]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=BRIGADIER THOMAS JOHN ANQUETIL - War Memorials Online|url=https://www.warmemorialsonline.org.uk/memorial/239937/|website=www.warmemorialsonline.org.uk|accessdate=21 January 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Holmes and Co|first1=Calcutta|title=The Bengal Obituary: Or, a Record to Perpetuate the Memory of Departed Worth: Being a Compilation of Tablets and Monumental Inscriptions from Various Parts of the Bengal and Agra Presidencies. To which is Added Biographical Sketches and Memoirs of Such as Have Pre-eminently Distinguished Themselves in the History of British India, Since the Formation of the European Settlement to the Present Time|date=1851|publisher=J. Thomas|location=Calcutta|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bengalobituaryo00calgoog/page/n56 30]& 31|url=https://archive.org/details/bengalobituaryo00calgoog|accessdate=21 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Anquetil, Thomas John}}
[[Category:1784 births]]
[[Category:1842 deaths]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the First Anglo-Afghan War]]
[[Category:Jersey military personnel]]
[[Category:People from Saint Helier]]
[[Category:British East India Company Army generals]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the First Anglo-Burmese War]]

{{UK-mil-bio-stub}}

Thomas John Anquetil - Revision history

Bot at 15:18, 25 May 2022

Bot at 15:18, 25 May 2022