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{{Short description|Perumal temple in Mayiladuthurai district, Tamil Nadu, India}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox temple
| name = Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram
| image = Arimeya Vinnagaram - Kuamadukoothan5.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| map_type = India Tamil Nadu
| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu
| coordinates = {{coord|11|10|29|N|79|46|43|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| native_name = Arimeya Vinnagararm
| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| district = [[Mayiladuthurai district|Mayiladuthurai]]
| location = Thirunangur
| elevation_m =
| deity = Kudamaadukoothan Perumal ([[Vishnu]])<br>
Amirtagadavalli ([[Lakshmi]])
| Direction_posture =
| Vimanam =
| Prathyaksham =
| festivals=
| architecture = [[Dravidian architecture]]
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| creator =
| website =
}}

'''Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram''' or '''Kudamadukoothan Perumal Temple''' is dedicated to Hindu god [[Vishnu]] located in Tirunangur, a village in the outskirts of [[Sirkazhi|Sirkaḻi]] in the South Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. Constructed in the [[Dravidian architecture|Dravidian style of architecture]], the temple is glorified in the ''[[Divya Prabandha|Nalayira Divya Prabandham]]'', the early medieval [[Tamil literature|Tamil]] canon of the [[Alvars|Alvar]] saints from the 6th–9th centuries CE. It is one of the 108 ''[[Divyadesam|Divya Desams]]'' dedicated to Vishnu, who is worshipped as Kudamudakoothan and his consort [[Lakshmi]] as Amirtagadavalli.

It is one among the eleven Divya Desams of [[Thirunangur tirupathi|Tirunangur Tirupatis]] and is closely associated with [[Thirumangai Alvar]]. The temple is open from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. to 7 p.m and has four daily rituals at various times of the day. The Thirumangai Alvar Mangalasasana Utsavam celebrated annually during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil]] month of ''Thai'' is the major festival of the temple during which the festival images of the eleven [[Thirunangur tirupathi|Tirunangur Tirupatis]] are brought on mount designed like [[Garuda]], called Garuda Vahana, to Tirunangur.

==Legend==
[[File:Arimeya Vinnagaram - Kuamadukoothan7.jpg|200px|left|thumb|Image of the [[vimana (shrine)|vimanam]]]]
The legend of all the eleven temples of Tirunangur are closely associated with each other. As per legend, the Hindu god [[Shiva]] started dancing in fury at this place after the death of his consort [[Sati (Hindu goddess)|Sati]] due to the ''[[Daksha yajna|yajna]]'' (sacrifice) of [[Daksha]]. Each time his lock of hair touched the ground, there were eleven other forms of Shiva who appeared. The celestial deities were worried that if the dance continues, it would result in decimation of entire creations. They prayed to [[Vishnu]] for help, who appeared at this place. On seeing Vishnu, Shiva's anger was reduced and he requested Vishnu to appear in eleven forms like he did. On his request, Vishnu appeared in eleven different forms at Tirunangur. The eleven places where Vishnu appeared are believed to be where the eleven temples in Tirunangur are located.<ref name="R">[[#R.|R. 2001]], pp. 470-1</ref> ''Arimeya Vinnagaram'' literally translates to the place where [[Hari]] (another name of Vishnu) resides. It is believed that sage Uthanga performed his penance at this place. There is another local legend that Govardana (Vishnu) descended here at the request of Shiva.<ref name="R1">[[#R.|R. 2001]], pp. 439-40</ref>

==Temple==
The temple has a 3-tier ''[[gopuram]]''. It is surrounded by paddy fields and is located in Tirunangur, a small village, 10 km away from [[Sirkali]] en route to Thiruvenkadu. The temple tank is located north of the temple. Sage Uthankar is believed to have worshiped the presiding deity of the temple.<ref>[[#Ayyar|Ayyar 1993]], p. 535</ref> The central shrine houses the image of Krishna seated with his legs on a pot. Thirumangai Alvar refers this action and calls the deity "Kudamadukoothar", meaning "Oh, pot dancer".<ref name="T.">[[#T.|T. 2002]], p. 94</ref> The [[vimana (shrine)|vimana]] of the temple is called Vedamodha Vimanam.<ref name="dinamalar">{{cite web|title=Sri Kudamadu Koothan temple|url=https://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=274|publisher=dinamalar|access-date=4 August 2014}}</ref> The presiding deity is sported in seated posture facing east. The festival deity, Gopala, is a [[panchaloha]] image sported with four arms and his consort is Amruthakadavalli.<ref name=A>{{cite book|title=Temples of South India|first=Ambujam |last=Anantharaman|pages=65–67|publisher=East West Books (Madras)|year=2006|isbn=978-81-88661-42-8}}</ref>

==Religious significance==
The temple is revered in ''[[Nalayira Divya Prabhandam]]'', the 7th–9th century Vaishnava canon, by [[Periazhwar|Periyalvar]], [[Thirumalisai Alvar|Tirumalisai Alvar]], and [[Thirumangai Azhwar|Tirumangai Alvar]]. The temple is classified as a ''[[Divyadesam|Divya Desam]]'', one of the 108 Vishnu temples that are mentioned in the book. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the temple finds mention in several works like ''108 Tirupati Antati'' by Divya Kavi Pillai Perumal Aiyangar.<ref name="dinamalar"/>

==Worship practices and festivals==
[[File:Arimeya Vinnagaram - Kuamadukoothan4.jpg|200x200px|left|thumb|Image of [[Garuda]] mount used during festivals]]
The temple is open from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. The temple priests perform the ''[[puja (Hinduism)|puja]]'' (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. As at other Vishnu temples of Tamil Nadu, the priests belong to the [[Vaishnavism|Vaishnava]] community, from the Brahmin class. The temple rituals are performed four times a day: ''Ushathkalam'' at 8 a.m., ''Kalasanthi'' at 10:00 a.m., ''Sayarakshai'' at 5:00 p.m. and ''Ardha Jamam'' at 7:00 p.m. Each ritual has three steps: ''alangaram'' (decoration), ''neivethanam'' (food offering) and ''deepa aradanai'' (waving of lamps) for both Kudamudakoothan and his consort Amirtagadavalli. During the worship, religious instructions in the ''[[Vedas]]'' (sacred text) are recited by priests, and worshippers prostrate themselves in front of the [[Iconography of Shiva temples in Tamil Nadu#Dvajasthamba and Pali Peedam|temple mast]]. There are weekly, monthly and fortnightly rituals performed in the temple.

During the new moon day of the Tamil month ''Thai'', the [[utsavar|festival deity]] of Thirumangai Alvar is brought to the temple from [[Thiruvali-Thirunagari]].<ref name="hindu">{{cite news|title=Shrine dedicated to Arjuna|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/shrine-dedicated-to-arjuna/article3631326.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=12 July 2012|access-date=2013-09-09|last=S.|first=Prabhu}}</ref> The Thirumangai Alvar Mangalasasana Utsavam is celebrated in the Tamil month of ''Thai'' (January–February). The highlight of the festival is ''Garudasevai'', an event in which the festival images of the eleven [[Thirunangur tirupathi|Tirunangur Tirupathis]] are brought on mount designed like [[Garuda]], called Garuda ''[[Vahana]]'', to Tirunangur. The festive image of Thirumangai Alvar is also brought on a ''Hamsa Vahanam'' (palanquin) and his ''pasurams'' (verses) dedicated to each of these eleven temples are recited during the occasion. The festival images of Thirumangai Alvar and his consort Kumudavalli Naachiyar are taken in a palanquin to each of the eleven temples. The verses dedicated to each of the eleven temples are chanted in the respective shrines. This is one of the most important festivals in the region which draws thousands of visitors.<ref name="hindu"/><ref name="Garuda Sevai Festival">{{cite news| title=Garuda Sevai| work=Ramanuja.org|
url=http://www.ibiblio.org/sripedia/ramanuja/archives/feb08/pdfUQOxvBFB4v.pdf|access-date= 2011-08-19}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=20em}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
*{{Cite book |last=Ayyar |first=P. V. Jagadisa |title=South Indian shrines: illustrated|year=1993|edition=2 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location=New Delhi |isbn=81-206-0151-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLSGFW1uZboC&q=tiruvidaimaruthur&pg=PA535|ref=Ayyar}}
* {{cite book|title=An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY2lZpy.TVA_BOK_0006115|last=R.|first=Dr. Vijayalakshmy|publisher=International Institute of Tamil Studies| location=Chennai|year=2001|edition=1st|ref=R.}}
* {{cite book |last=T. |first=Padmaja |title=Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: history, art, and traditions in Tamilnāḍu |year=2002 |publisher=Shakti Malik |location=New Delhi |isbn=81-7017-398-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pzgaS1wRnl8C&q=kavalambadi&pg=PA94|ref=T.}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{commons category inline}}
{{Thirunangur Tirupathis}}
{{Famous Vishnu temples}}
{{Mayiladuthurai Topics}}

[[Category:Divya Desams| ]]
[[Category:Vishnu temples in Mayiladuthurai district]]
[[Category:Villages in Mayiladuthurai district]]
[[Category:Krishna temples]]

Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram - Revision history

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