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{{Infobox book
| name = The Indian Struggle, 1920–1942
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| author = [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]
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| subject =
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| published = Part I (1920–1934) [[Lawrence and Wishart|Wishart & Co.]], London 1935; Part II (1935–1942) Italy 1942
| awards =
| isbn =
| oclc = 3863565
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'''''The Indian Struggle, 1920–1942''''' is a two-part book by the [[Indian nationalist]] leader [[Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose]] that covers the 1920–1942 history of the [[Indian independence movement]] to end [[British Raj|British imperial rule]] over India. Banned in [[India]] by the British colonial government, ''The Indian Struggle'' was published in the country only in 1948 after India [[Indian Independence Act 1947|became independent]]. The book analyses a period of the Indian independence struggle from the [[Non Cooperation Movement|Non-Cooperation]] and [[Khilafat Movement]]s of the early 1920s to the [[Quit India Movement|Quit India]] and [[Azad Hind|Azad Hind movements]] of the early 1940s.<ref name="hindustantimes">{{cite news|title=The Indian Struggle|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/specials/netaji/hisbooks_6.htm|accessdate=22 December 2013|newspaper=Hindustan Times|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120410074114/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/specials/Netaji/hisbooks_6.htm|archivedate=10 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

== Two parts ==
The first part of ''The Indian Struggle'' covering the years 1920–1934 was published in London in 1935 by [[Lawrence and Wishart]].<ref name="hindustantimes" /> Bose had been in exile in Europe following his arrest and detention by the colonial government for his association with the revolutionary group, the [[Bengal Volunteers]] and his suspected role in several acts of violence.<ref>{{cite web|title=Subhas Chandra Bose|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/74637/Subhas-Chandra-Bose|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=22 December 2013}}</ref> In [[Vienna]], where he wrote the book, Bose had to largely rely on memory as he did not have access to documentary material.<ref>{{cite web|title=THE INDIAN STRUGGLE|url=http://www.missionnetaji.org/article/the-indian-struggle|accessdate=22 December 2013}}</ref> When Bose arrived in [[Karachi]] in December 1934 in defiance of the colonial government's ban on his entry into India, he was arrested and the original manuscript of the book seized.<ref>{{cite book|title=Netaji's Life and Writings Part Two – The Indian Struggle 1920 – 1934|year=1948|publisher=Thacker, Spinck and Co. Ltd|location=Calcutta|page=3|url=http://www.hindustanbooks.com/pdfs/63821109-The-Indian-Struggle-by-Subhash-Chandra-Bose.pdf}}</ref> Published in London the following year, the book was well received by the British press and critics. The British were quick to ban it in India and [[Samuel Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood|Samuel Hoare]], the [[Secretary of State for India]], justified this action to the House of Commons on the grounds that it encouraged terrorism and [[direct action]] among the masses.<ref name="hindustantimes" />

The second part dealing with 1935–1942 was written by Bose during the [[Second World War]]. A planned German edition of the book never came to fruition during Bose's stay in Europe during 1941–'43 while an Italian edition came out in 1942. He was assisted in writing the book by [[Emilie Schenkl]] whom he went on to marry and who bore him a daughter.<ref name="books.google">{{cite book|last=Pelinka|first=Anton|title=Democracy Indian Style: Subhas Chandra Bose and the Creation of India's Political Culture|year=2003|publisher=Transaction Publishers|location=New Brunswick|pages=81–82, 94–97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=prfVHxySTf4C&dq=%22the+indian+struggle%22&pg=PA89|isbn=9781412821544}}</ref>

== Themes ==
''The Indian Struggle'' contains Bose's evaluation of [[M.K. Gandhi|Gandhi's]] role and contribution to the independence struggle, his own vision for an [[independent India]] and his approach to politics. Bose was critical of Gandhi in the book accusing the Mahatma of being too soft and almost naive in his dealings with the colonial regime and who with his status quoism had become "the best policeman the Britisher had in India".<ref name="books.google" /> Bose also predicted a left-wing revolt in the [[Indian National Congress]] that would give rise to a new political party with a "clear ideology, program and plan of action" that would among other things "stand for the interests of the masses", advocate the complete independence of the Indian people, advocate a federal India with a strong central government and support [[Land reforms in India|land reforms]], state planning and a system of [[Panchayati raj|panchayats]].

On his way back to Vienna in 1935, Bose met with [[Benito Mussolini]] in Rome where he gave the dictator a copy of his book. Bose was opposed to [[Jawaharlal Nehru|Nehru's]] [[anti-Fascism]] and argued instead for a synthesis of communism and fascism in India. While a proponent of [[military discipline]] in political life and an advocate of a government by a strong party, Bose was also opposed to [[totalitarianism]] rejecting the model of the [[Nazi party]] and calling for democracy both within and among political parties. Bose's ideological leaning, which he outlines in the book, has been described as 'fascistic' but it was shaped by his increasing frustration with the failure to realise Indian independence and not by a sense of [[wikt:megalomania|megalomania]].<ref name="books.google" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://oaob.nitrkl.ac.in/120/1/indian_strugle.pdf Full Text] of Subhas Chandra Bose – ''The Indian Struggle 1920 – 42'' (1964)
* [https://www.hindustanbooks.com/books/indian_struggle/indian-struggle-1.pdf First Part lightweight] of Subhas Chandra Bose - ''The Indian Struggle 1920 – 34''
* [https://www.hindustanbooks.com/books/indian_struggle/indian-struggle-2.pdf Second Part lightweight] of Subhas Chandra Bose - ''The Indian Struggle 1935 – 42''
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian Struggle, The}}
[[Category:20th-century history books]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian books]]
[[Category:Indian non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Literature of Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Political science books]]
[[Category:Subhas Chandra Bose]]
[[Category:1935 books]]
[[Category:1942 books]]

The Indian Struggle - Revision history

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