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In popular culture

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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| image = File:Madhava_Rao.jpg
| group = Thanjavur Marathi people
| population = ~70,000 (2001)
| popplace = {{IND}} ([[Chola Nadu]] region of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Chennai]], [[Dharmapuri district]], [[Kerala]])
| langs = [[Thanjavur Marathi (language)|Thanjavur Marathi]] (mother tongue), [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| rels = [[Hinduism]]
| related = [[Marathi people]], [[Deshasta Brahmin]], [[Tamil people]]
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image_caption = Portrait of Sir T. Madhava Rao, a Thanjavur Maharashtrian of 19th Century
}}
{{short description|People group}}

'''Thanjavur Marathi''' (colloquially called '''Rayar'''), are a [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-speaking [[Ethnolinguistic group|ethno-linguistic group]], who reside in the central and northern parts of the [[Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. They are the descendants of Marathi administrators, soldiers and noblemen who migrated during the rule of the [[Thanjavur Maratha kingdom]]. [[Thanjavur]] was a [[Maratha Empire|Maratha kingdom]] in [[Tamil country|Tamil Country]], until the [[United Kingdom|British]] dethroned the last Thanjavur Maratha king, [[Shivaji of Thanjavur]]. It was founded by Maratha Warrior King Chatrapati Shivaji's half-brother, [[Ekoji]] alias Venkoji Rajē Bhonsalē.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/07/stories/2003070700160300.htm|title=The Maharashtrians of TN|last=|first=|date=2003-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031028225512/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/07/stories/2003070700160300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2003-10-28|website=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=2018-11-12}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/marathi-identity-with-tamil-flavour-2790955/|title=Marathi identity, with Tamil flavour|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-11-12|language=en-US}}</ref> The [[Kshatriyas]] use '''Maratha''', while the [[Brahmins]] use the name '''Deshastha'''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yfCICwAAQBAJ&pg=PT221|title=Intercultural Communication: The Indian Context|author1=Ramesh N. Rao|author2=Avinash Thombre|date=23 April 2015|publisher=SAGE Publications India|accessdate=23 April 2015|page=221|isbn=9789351505075}}</ref>

== Demographics and distribution ==

According to the 2001 census, Marathi is spoken as a mother tongue by about 0.1% of the total population of Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement3.htm |title=Census of India – DISTRIBUTION OF 10,000 PERSONS BY LANGUAGE |publisher=Government of India |date= |accessdate=2009-09-23}}</ref> Exact districtwise statistics are not available, but according to estimates, Marathis are mostly concentrated in the city of [[Chennai]] and the [[Thanjavur district|Thanjavur]], [[Nagapattinam district|Nagapattinam]], [[Dharmapuri district|Dharmapuri]], [[Tirupattur District|Tirupatttur]], [[Krishnagiri District|Krishnagiri]], [[Vellore district|Vellore]], [[Ranipet]], [[Salem district|Salem]], [[Thiruvannamalai district|Thiruvannamalai]], [[Tiruvarur district|Tiruvarur]], [[Kanchipuram district|Kanchipuram]] and [[Tiruchirappalli district|Tiruchirappalli]] districts of Tamil Nadu. The Marathi population in Tamil Nadu has dwindled recently due to migrations to [[Maharashtra]], [[Bangalore]], [[North India]] and foreign countries.<ref name="pdigest1986">{{cite journal|title=Shivaji's Forgotten Cousins|first=Ashok|last=Gopal|url=http://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~sudarsha/MEF/Shivaji%20Forgotton-%20New.pdf|journal=Poona Digest|date=August 1986}}</ref>

== Language ==
The mother tongue of the Thanjavur Marathi people is [[Thanjavur Marathi dialect|Thanjavur Marathi]], a Tamilized dialect of the [[Marathi language]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="dvaitap544">{{cite book|title=A history of the Dvaita school of Vedānta and its literature: from the earliest beginnings to our own times|author=B. N. Krishnamurti Sarma|pages=544|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|year=2000|isbn=978-81-208-1575-9}}</ref>

== Organizations ==
There are many organisations that support the cause of Thanjavur Marathi people across various parts of India. One of the prominent ones is [[The Mahratta Education Fund]] (MEF), a non-profit organisation working for the spread of education to poor and deserving students of the [[South India]]n Marathi-speaking community.<ref>http://mef.4mg.com/</ref>

== In popular culture ==

* The fictitious [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh|RSS]] [[Swayamsevak]] Shriram Abhyankar, in the 1999 movie ''[[Hey Ram]]'', played by [[Atul Kulkarni]], is a Thanjavur Marathi.

== Notable people ==
* [[Anandarayar Sahib]], Diwan of the [[Thanjavur Maratha kingdom]] during the reigns of [[Shahuji I]], [[Serfoji I]] and [[Tukkoji]].
* [[Reddy Row]], Diwan of Travancore from 1817 to 1821 and 1843 to 1845.
* [[R. Venkata Rao]], Diwan of Travancore from 1821 to 1829 and 1838 to 1839.
* [[Sir T. Madhava Rao]] (1828–1891), Diwan of [[Travancore]] from 1857 to 1872 and an early leader of the [[Indian National Congress]]. He was also Dewan of two other princely States, Indore & Baroda.
* [[Thanjavur Subha Rao]], Diwan of Travancore in the 1830s.
* [[T. Rama Rao (administrator)|T. Rama Rao]] (1831–1895), Indian civil servant. Served as Diwan of Travancore from 1887 to 1892.
* [[T. Ananda Rao]] (1852–1919), Indian administrator. Diwan of Mysore from 1909 to 1912. Son of Sir [[T. Madhava Rao]].
* [[V. P. Madhava Rao]] (1850–1934), Indian administrator. Diwan of Mysore from 1906 to 1909 and Baroda from 1910 to 1913.
* [[N. Vittal]] (born 31 January 1938), belonging to the Indian Administrative Service 1960 batch, is one of the eminent public servants of India, who has held important positions in the Government of India, most prominent of which was that of the Central Vigilance Commissioner.
* [[T. Gopala Rao]] (1832–1886), Indian educator. Was one of the pioneers of [[Government Arts College, Kumbakonam]]. Gopal Rao Public Library in Kumbakonam is named after him.
* [[Palladam Sanjiva Rao]] (1882–1962), Indian flautist and carnatic musician.
* [[R. Balaji Rao]] (1842–1896), Indian politician and [[Indian independence activist]]. First Secretary of the [[Madras Mahajana Sabha]]. Represented [[Tanjore]] along with [[S. A. Swaminatha Iyer]] at the first session of the Indian National Congress.
* [[R. Raghunatha Rao]] (1831–1912), Indian civil servant, administrator, politician and Indian independence activist. Diwan of Indore 1875–88.
* [[K. Krishnaswamy Rao]] (1845–1923), Diwan of Travancore 1898–1904.
* [[R. Ramachandra Rao]] (1871–1936), Indian civil servant and Indian independence activist. Served as District Collector of Kurnool, Nellore and Madras.
* [[T. Ramachandra Rao]] (1825–1879), First Deputy Commissioner of Police, Madras.
* [[C. R. Krishnaswamy Rao Sahib]], IAS ( 1927– 2013) a distinguished administrator and civil servant who was awarded the [[Padma Vibhushan]] in 2008. Krishnaswamy Rao Saheb distinguished himself by becoming the Principal Secretary to Prime Minister [[Charan Singh]] and then becoming the Cabinet Secretary when [[Indira Gandhi]] became the Prime Minister.
* [[Sundar Narayana Rao]], Reputed singer from Chennai, Tamil Nadu

==See also==
*[[Saurashtra people]]
* [[Dravid (surname)]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite news|title=Struggle for survival|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2000/01/15/stories/1315063j.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120024651/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2000/01/15/stories/1315063j.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 January 2012|date=15 January 2000|work=[[The Hindu]]|author=M. Vinayak}}
* {{cite news|title=The Maharashtrians of T. N.|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/07/stories/2003070700160300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031023132752/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/07/stories/2003070700160300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 October 2003|date=7 July 2003|author=S. Muthiah|work=[[The Hindu]]|authorlink=S. Muthiah}}
* {{Citation| title=Elite Formation in Nineteenth Century South India, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Tamil Culture and History|publisher=Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaysia Press|year=1968|author=Robert Eric Frykenberg}}
* {{Citation| title=South Indian Maharashtrians (Cultural and Economic Studies), Silver Jubilee Souvenir|publisher=Mahratta Education Fund|year=1937|url=http://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~sudarsha/MEF/}}

{{Chola Nadu}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Thanjavur Marathi (People)}}
[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:History of Thanjavur]]
[[Category:Social groups of Kerala]]
[[Category:Internal migrations in India]]

Thanjavur Marathi people - Revision history

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