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{{Short description|Indian writer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Thakur Akshay Singh Ratnu
| birth_date = 24 December 1910
| birth_place = [[Jaipur State]]
| death_date = {{dda|1995|7|1|1910|12|24|df=y}}
| death_place = Jaipur
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Poet]]|[[Writer]]}}
| language = {{hlist|[[Dingal]]|[[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]]|[[Brajbhasha]]|[[Hindi]]}}
| notable_works = Akshaya Kesari- Pratap Charitra<br>
Akshay Bharat Darshan<br>
Akshay Jan Smriti
| children = 5
| relatives = Thakur Jhujhar Singh Ratnu(father)
| honorific_prefix = Sahityabhushana
}}

'''Thakur Akshay Singh Ratnu''' (24 December 1910 – 1 July 1995) was a [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]], [[Braj Bhasha|Brajbhasha]] and [[Hindi]] [[poet]] from [[Rajasthan]]. His penned poems criticising the British policies of divide & rule. He is considered as one of the modern traditionalist poets. He was a scholar of [[Hindi]], [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]], [[Dingal]](Old Rajasthani), [[Urdu]], [[Sanskrit]] and [[Prakrit]]. He has been awarded with epithets of 'Sahitya Bhushan', 'Sahitya Ratna', and 'Kavi Ratna'.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://artandculture.rajasthan.gov.in/content/dam/doitassets/art-and-culture/Rajasthani-Bhasha-Sahitya-Avm-Sanskriti-Academy-Bikaner/pdf/JJ_All_Pdf/JJ_06_12_12_February_to_February_1979.pdf |title=Jagti Jot Year-6 Vol 12 |publisher=Rajasthani Bhasha Sahitya & Sanskriti Academy |year=1979 |location=Bikaner |language=Rajasthani}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=S.babu Rao |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.61804 |title=Who's Who Of Indian Writers |quote=Ratnu Thakur, Akshaya Singh, sahitya bhushana, sahitya ratna, kavi RATNA. b. 24.12.10, Kali Pahadi, Jaipur Dist., Raj. Farming, mt. Raj. & Hindi. Pubs. 11. In Raj. : Basant Varnan, 60; Kashmir Vijay, 62; Bangla Vijay, 65; Chittor ke Teen Shake, 68; Pat Parivartan, 77; Jaipur ri Jhamal, 77 (all poetry).}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=जिज्ञासु |first=लेखक, मोहनलाल |title=चारण साहित्य का इतिहास |url=http://www-lib.tufs.ac.jp/opac/recordID/catalog.bib/BA91121351 |access-date=2022-03-01 |website=東京外国語大学附属図書館ＯＰＡＣ |quote=अपने काकोसा श्री अक्षयसिंह रतनू को काव्य-गुरु मानकर उनके सान्निध्य में अध्ययन का क्रम जारी रखा और राजस्थानी तथा हिन्दी ग्रंथों का पारायण किया।}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Aśānta |first=Bī Ela Mālī |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UOshAAAAMAAJ |title=Ādhunika Rājasthānī padya sāhitya |date=1991 |publisher=Rājasthānī Bhāshā Bāla Sāhitya Prakāśana Ṭrasṭa |language=hi |quote=अक्षय सिंह रतनू आधुनिक परम्परावादी कवियों में एक संघर्षशील कवि कहे जा सकते हैं ।}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Delhi |first=All India Radio (AIR),New |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Ib4DwAAQBAJ |title=आकाशवाणी: वर्ष-43, अंक-5 ( 1 मार्च, 1978 ) |date=1978-03-01 |publisher=All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mudgala |first=Gopālaprasāda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMVjAAAAMAAJ |title=Brajabhāshā sāhityakāra paricai kośa |date=1999 |publisher=Rājasthāna Brajabhāshā Akādamī |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6MFjAAAAMAAJ |title=Rājasthāna ke ajāne Brajabhāshā sāhityakāra darapana |publisher=Rājasthāna Brajabhāshā Akādamī |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8zFuAAAAMAAJ |title=Rājasthāna vārshikī |date=1997 |publisher=Pañcagaṅgā Prakāśana |language=hi}}</ref>

== Early life and family ==
Thakur Akshay Singh Ratnu was born on 24 December 1910 in a [[Ratnu]]-[[Charan]] family of Kali Pahari-Hanphawat village in [[Jaipur State|Jaipur]]. His father was Thakur Jhujhar Singh Ratnu of Charanwas village in [[Nagaur]], Rajasthan. His grandfather Thakur Jawahar Dan was well to do and affluent, his [[Hundi]](credit instrument) used to operate from [[Kuchaman City|Kuchaman]]. His mother died while he was young. Akshay Singh was subsequently sent to [[Alwar State|Alwar]] where he was raised by his aunt. Thakur Akshay Singh has four sons and one daughter.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |url=https://artandculture.rajasthan.gov.in/content/dam/doitassets/art-and-culture/Rajasthani-Bhasha-Sahitya-Avm-Sanskriti-Academy-Bikaner/pdf/JJ_All_Pdf/JJ_24_04_04_July_to_July_1995.pdf |title=Jagti Jot Year-24 Vol-4 |publisher=Rajasthani Bhasha Sahitya & Sanskriti Academy |year=1995 |location=Bikaner |language=Rajasthani}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mudgala |first=Gopālaprasāda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMVjAAAAMAAJ |title=Brajabhāshā sāhityakāra paricai kośa |date=1999 |publisher=Rājasthāna Brajabhāshā Akādamī |language=hi |quote=1. नाम श्री अक्षय सिंह रत्नू 2. पिता का नाम श्री झुझार सिंह 3. जन्म तिथि : अंकन में -24.12.1910 सब्दन में -चौबीस दिसम्बर उन्नीस सौ दस}}</ref>

== Education ==
Thakur Akshay Singh completed his education in Alwar under his guru Girdharilal Bhatt Tailang. He learned [[Kaumudi-Mahotsava|Kaumudi]], [[Raghuvaṃśa|Raghuvansh]], Kuvalyananda, Chandralak, and [[Amarakosha|Amarkosh]]. He became a scholar of Hindi, Dingal, Sanskrit, Urdu, Rajasthani, Brajbhasha, and Prakrit.<ref name=":2" />

== Career ==
Sources:<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Po9jAAAAMAAJ |title=Rājasthāna ke agyāta Braja bhāshā sāhityakāra: vyaktitva, kr̥titva, aru Braja-racanā mādhurī saṅkalana |date=1991 |publisher=Rājasthānī Brajabhāshā Akādamī |language=hi |quote=वे पैले-पले पूर्व रियासत अलवर सचिवालय राज सेवा में हते । मत्स्य राज्य बनिबे पं वे मत्स्य राज्य सचिवालय मांहि चीफ रीडर बनाये गये।... श्री करणी माता के अनन्य उपासक अरु परम भक्त श्री अक्षयसिह रत्नू सरलता अरु सौम्यता की अखै निधि हैं ।...बजभाषा, हिन्दी अरु राजस्थानी में काव्य रचना करिबे वारे रत्नू जी ने सबसों पहले ब्रजभाषा में रचना करी। वा समै बिनकी आयु 17-18 बरस ही अरु अलवर मैं...महाराज सवाई जयसिंह जी कूँ जब अड़तालीस घंटनि माहि आबू जाईवे को आदेस भयो बो तब अलवरेन्द्र ने एक मोहर बन्द लिफाफा लेक नरेन्द्र मण्डल के अध्यच्छ नवाव भोपाल में ढिंग भेजो जा आदेश के संग के काऊ ये जि पतौ न चल के रतनू जी अलवर सू आयो है। रतनू जी तो मालवीय जी को दूत बनिक नवाव साहब के पास पहुंचे । लिफाफा खोलिब पे पतो चलो के अच्छय सिंह जी तौ अलवर सूं आये भये हैं।}}</ref>

Akshay Singh began his career as a civil servant in the erstwhile princely state of [[Alwar State|Alwar]]. He was on good terms with the ruler Sawai Jaisingh. After Independence, Akshay Singh moved to Jaipur and served as Chief Reader in the Matsya Sangh, Sanyukt Rajasthan, and Jaipur Secretariat, finally retiring in 1968.

Alwar State was one of the first to declare Hindi as the official state language. Akshay Singh served as the Principal of the Hindi Training Center established to promote & teach Hindi.

== Poet ==
Sources:<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Prabhākara |first=Manohara |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLNjAAAAMAAJ |title=Ājādī kā alakha: Rājasthāna kī svatantratā saṅgrāma kālīna kāvya-cetanā kā prāmāṇika dastāveja |date=1986 |publisher=Jana-Jīvana Prakāśana |language=hi}}</ref>

Thakur Akshay Singh began composing poems at an early age. At the age of 6, he presented a poem to the Maharaja of Bikaner, [[Ganga Singh]] congratulating him on his Gang Nahar project to bring the river waters to the farmers in Ganganagar.

In 1939, Akshay Singh criticized the role of British Government for their divide & rule policy when they incited the [[Meo (ethnic group)|Meo]] community of Alwar & surrounding regions which led to riots and the Maharaja of Alwar was banished to Abu & later to Bombay by the British Government. Akshay Singh penned a poem ‘Alwar me Ulatfer’ outlining the role of British. Akshay Singh also travelled to meet Maharaja Jai Singh who called on him during his banishment. He stayed with the ruler for 15 days at his request.

Akshay Singh criticized the move of removing [[Charan]]s from the Walterkrit Charan Rajput Hitkarini Sabha.

He was given epithet of ‘Braj-Ratan’ by the Brajbhasha Akademi. The academy published a monograph on Thakur Akshay Singh Ratnu for his contribution in Brajbhasha literature.

Akshay Singh has also written on the themes of sacrifice of Jauhars of Chittor as well as Gandhian philoshphy.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dhamora |first=Sawai Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ON5jEqxoHgC |title=Cittaura ke jauhara va sake |date=1968 |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Aśānta |first=Bī Ela Mālī |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DbINAAAAIAAJ |title=Rājasthānī sāhitya kā itihāsa: Ādhunika kāla |date=1990 |publisher=Viveka Pabliśiṅga Hāusa |language=hi}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

== Social service ==
Akshay Singh led the efforts for the renovation of Karni Mata Temple in [[Mathura]], originally built in the 16th century by [[Lakhaji Barhath]]. In Alwar, Thakur Akshay Singh constructed a Charan Boarding House(Chatravas) as well as Gujki Bhavan and Thabhawali Bhavan. In 1949, Akshay Singh moved to Jaipur and made efforts for the construction of a Charan Boarding House. He collected donations for the cause and was aided by Gulabdanji Hampavat(Kot) and Shishdanji Palawat(Kishanpura). The boarding was inaugurated by the Revenue Secretary Hetudan Ujjwal.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />

=== Quote ===
<blockquote>“'''''अपनी भाषा अपना वेश, अपनी संस्कृति अपना देश, स्वतंत्रता का यह ही सार, सादा जीवन उच्च विचार।'''''”<ref name=":2" /></blockquote>"Our language our dress, our culture our country, this is the essence of freedom, simple life and dignified thoughts."

== Works ==
Sources:<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" />

# Akshaya kesarī, pratāpa caritra By Akshayasiṃha Ratnū · 1989<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ratnū |first=Akshayasiṃha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=buoeAAAAIAAJ |title=Akshaya kesarī, pratāpa caritra |date=1989 |publisher=Cāraṇa Sāhitya Śodha Saṃsthāna |language=hi}}</ref>
# Akshay Bharat Darshan
# Akshay Jan Smriti
# Walterkrit Charan Rajput Sabha ke naye rulings par do shabd
# Brajbhasha verse translation of the tenth skanda of Shrimad Bhagavad
# Alwar Mein Ulatfer (Khand Poetry)
# Akshay Tej Niti Samuchhay
# Dasori Darshan
# Rajasthan Vandana
# Bhisam Grisam<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3sJjAAAAMAAJ |title=Naī raṅgata kau Brajakāvya |date=1994 |publisher=Rājasthāna Brajabhāshā Akādamī |language=hi}}</ref>
# Doha chhand aur uske vibbhin bhed<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sqdjAAAAMAAJ |title=Maru-Bhāratī |date=1988 |publisher=Biṛlā Ejyūkeśana Ṭrasṭa. |language=hi}}</ref>
# Anyokti Gulab Ikkisi<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A5xjAAAAMAAJ |title=Braja-śatadala: Rājasthāna Brajabhāshā Akādamī kī mukha patrikā |date=1999 |publisher=Rājasthāna Brajabhāshā Akādamī |language=hi}}</ref>
# Farishte varo hazaro<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dhamora |first=Sawai Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOIhAAAAMAAJ |title=Sultian Sujada |date=1964 |language=hi}}</ref>
# Basant Varnan
# Kashmir Vijay
# Chittor ke teen Shake
# Pat Parivartan
# Jaipur ri Jhamal

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Rajasthani people]]
[[Category:Indian poets]]
[[Category:Charan]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:People from Jaipur district]]
[[Category:People from Alwar district]]
[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:1995 deaths]]
[[Category:Administrators in the princely states of India]]
[[Category:Dingal poets]]

Thakur Akshay Singh Ratnu - Revision history

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