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{{Short description|A lady in Meitei folklore}}
{{About|a character in [[Meitei folklore]]|the [[Meitei language]] lullaby|Tha Tha Thabungton{{!}}Thabungton|eponymous [[Meitei cinema|Meitei language film]] series|Thabaton (film series)}}
{{Contains special characters|Meitei}}
{{Infobox deity
| type = Meitei
| name = Thabaton
| deity_of = Lady with seven brothers
| member_of =
| image = Keibu Keioiba (Kabui Keioiba) and Thabaton (Thaba).jpeg
| alt = 
| caption = Lady Thabaton and her suitor [[Keibu Keioiba]]
| other_names = Thabaaton, Thaba, Thabaa
| hiero =
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| script_name = Meitei
| script = {{lang|mni|{{script|mtei|ꯊꯕꯥꯇꯣꯟ}}}}
| affiliation = [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei folklore]] 
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| consort = [[Keibu Keioiba]]{{efn|Some folklorists opined that Thabaton was just a captive of [[Keibu Keioiba]]; some opined Thabaton to be Keibu Keioiba's wife; [[Patricia Monaghan]] opined that Thabaton is a [[sex slave]] of Keibu Keioiba.}}
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| siblings = 7 brothers
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| gender = female
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| region = {{langnf|mni|[[Kangleipak]]|[[Manipur]]}}
| ethnic_group = [[Meitei people]]
| festivals =
}}
'''Thabaton''', lovingly called as '''Thaba''',<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Moirangthem Kirti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q5eBAAAAMAAJ |title=Folk Culture of Manipur |date=1993 |publisher=Manas Publications |isbn=978-81-7049-063-0 |page=14 |language=en |author-link=Moirangthem Kirti Singh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Regunathan |first=Sudhamahi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xfDNm96yCPIC&q=thabaton+lovingly+thaba&pg=PA49 |title=Folk Tales of the North-East |date=2005 |publisher=[[Children's Book Trust]] |isbn=978-81-7011-967-8 |page=49 |language=en |quote=She was called Thabaton and was the youngest sister of seven brothers who lovingly called her Thaba.}}</ref> was a lady in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei folklore|folklore]] of [[Ancient Kangleipak]] (early [[Manipur]]). She had seven elder brothers who took care of her at every cost. She was [[Bride kidnapping|kidnapped]] by [[Keibu Keioiba]], a tiger headed man, during the absence of her siblings. After staying at the captivity of the beast for some time, she was later rescued and freed from bondage by her brothers.<ref>{{Cite book |last=PhD |first=Patricia Monaghan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cj5OAwAAQBAJ&dq=thabaton&pg=PA127 |title=Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines |date=2014 |publisher=[[New World Library]] |isbn=978-1-60868-218-8 |page=127 |language=en |author-link=Patricia Monaghan}}</ref>

The story of ''Thabaton and [[Keibu Keioiba]]'' is considered as one of the classic examples of the [[Meitei folklore|Meitei folk legends]] that is passed down through generation to generation.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Meitei |first1=Sanjenbam Yaiphaba |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FhUHEAAAQBAJ&dq=thabaton&pg=PA342 |title=The Cultural Heritage of Manipur |last2=Chaudhuri |first2=Sarit K. |last3=Arunkumar |first3=M. C. |date=2020 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-000-29629-7 |page=342 |language=en}}</ref>

== Legend ==
Thabaton ({{lang-mni|{{script|mtei|ꯊꯕꯥꯇꯣꯟ}}}}) was born as the only daughter of her parents, alongside seven sons. So, she was the darling sister of her seven elder brothers. Once all her brothers went to a distant place for some time, she was left alone at home.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Borgohain |first1=B. K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uc4iAAAAMAAJ&q=thabaton |title=Folk Tales of Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura & Mizoram |last2=Choudhury |first2=Pranab Chandra Roy |date=1975 |publisher=Sterling Publishers |page=59 |language=en |quote=There's a beautiful young girl named Thabaton . She is the only girl among eight children of their parents . All her seven brothers have left her locked inside the house and gone off to work and earn her dowry ...}}</ref> While leaving home, her brothers told her some [[Code word (figure of speech)|code words]] which when told to her only, she should open the door of her house. There was an old woman at her neighboring house. Unfortunately, the old lady heard those code words. Some time after the brothers left, in one fateful night, [[Keibu Keioiba]] ({{lang-mni|{{script|mtei|[[ꯀꯩꯕꯨ ꯀꯩꯑꯣꯏꯕ]]}}}}), the tiger headed man, entered into the house of the old lady, to devour her flesh. To save herself from being killed, the old lady told Keibu Keioiba about the young, beautiful and lonely Thabaton. Having the curiosity about her, Keibu Keioiba attempted to open the door of Thabaton's house. At first attempt, it failed. Later, when the old lady told him the code words, he recited it standing in front of the door. Hearing to the correctly said words, Thabaton misunderstood that the person might be one of her brothers. So, she opened the door from inside the house. Thus, Thabaton was abducted by Keibu Keioiba. She was held captive in the [[Den (room)|den]] ([[cave]] in another version of the story) of Keibu Keioiba in the middle of the thick [[forest|woodlands]]. On the other side, after some time ("months" or "years" according to different versions of the story), her brothers returned home and found her missing. The old lady informed them about the abduction. So, the brothers came to search for Thabaton. After some time, she was discovered by her brothers. She tricked the beast to fetch water from the [[stream]] using a bamboo pipe (bamboo container) ({{lang-mni|{{script|mtei|ꯎꯇꯣꯡ}}}}). The bamboo pipe was actually hollow from both sides, which was unknown to Keibu Keioiba. Keioiba could never fully fill the bamboo pipe, thereby endlessly fetching water. On the other hand, after burning down Keibu Keioiba's home, Thabaton and her brothers fled from the spot.<ref name=":Bhattacharyya">{{Cite book |last=Bhattacharyya |first=Rituparna |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DEZ1EAAAQBAJ&dq=thabaton&pg=PT190 |title=Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History |date=2022-07-29 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |isbn=978-1-000-62390-1 |page=190 |language=en}}</ref>

== Code words ==
The code words that was instructed to Thabaton by her brothers and later used by [[Keibu Keioiba]] to make her open the door is quoted as:
{{Blockquote|"Sana O, Naril O Chenga Pellona Ebung gi Ebema Thabaton Ebung Lakle Thong hanglo."<ref name=":Bhattacharyya" />}}
English translation of the code words is as follows:
{{Blockquote|"Oh! Gold, Oh! Silver, Put on the door bar, your brother has come, open the door."<ref name=":Bhattacharyya" />}}

== Way of abduction ==
The way lady Thabaton was abducted by [[Keibu Keioiba]] varies according to different versions of the story.

In most versions, Thabaton was tricked by Keibu Keioiba by reciting the code words learned from the neighborhood old woman. Upon hearing the correctly said code words, she believed it might be one of her brothers for sure. And so, she opened the door. Thus, she was abducted.<ref name=":Bhattacharyya" />

In some versions, Keibu Keioiba recited the code words correctly but his voice alerted Thabaton as it did not resemble any of her brothers' voices. So, the old woman intervened by asking Thabaton to lend her a needle. Thabaton told her to take it from a small hole through the wall of the house. The old woman persuaded her to open the door a little bit so that she could directly take the needle from her hands as her eyesight wasn't good enough due to old age to take the needle through tiny hole of the house. Thabaton, feeling pity for her, opened the door a little bit. Taking advantage of the situation, Keibu Keioiba, who was hiding behind the old woman, sprang out, forcibly open the door and abducted the helpless Thabaton.<ref name=":Beck">{{Cite book |last1=Beck |first1=Brenda E. F. |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmKu3t-sYi4C&q=Thabaton&pg=PA105 |title=Folktales of India |last2=Claus |first2=Peter J. |last3=Goswami |first3=Praphulladatta |last4=Handoo |first4=Jawaharlal |date=1999 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=978-0-226-04083-7 |pages=101–106 |language=en |chapter=Thabaton (Manipur)}}</ref><ref name=":Adhikary">{{Cite book |last=Adhikary |first=Qiron |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LajbAtQW9D8C&q=Thabaton&pg=PA50 |title=Feminist Folktales from India |date=2003 |publisher= |isbn=978-0-9714127-3-6 |pages=48–52 |language=en}}</ref>

== Portrayal analysis ==
Thabaton was described as a lady well known for ''"her chastity, beauty, loyalty, and obedience to her brothers"''. She is described as grown up in a family of poor brothers who lived from hand to mouth.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Beck |first1=Brenda E. F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmKu3t-sYi4C&dq=thabaton&pg=PA104 |title=Folktales of India |last2=Claus |first2=Peter J. |last3=Goswami |first3=Praphulladatta |last4=Handoo |first4=Jawaharlal |date=1999 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=978-0-226-04083-7 |page=104 |language=en}}</ref>

Thabaton was a witty lady. She used her wisdom during the time she was abducted by [[Keibu Keioiba]]. To leave the tracks of her, she tore her clothes into small pieces and threw them on the way she was taken away so that her brothers could find her later on.<ref name=":Beck" /><ref name=":Adhikary" /><ref name=":Patricia" />
In some versions of the story, using her wisdom, lady Thabaton planned to kill Keibu Keioiba and the treacherous old woman. She asked Keibu Keioiba that she wanted an old woman's skin. Keibu Keioiba, who dearly loved her, fulfilled her wish by killing and skinning the old woman. Later, Thabaton gave Keibu Keioiba a hollow bamboo pipe (or bamboo pole) to fetch water. Keioiba Keioiba, unknown of the hollowness of the container, went to fetch water, which took him endless efforts but always in vain. During his absence, Thabaton and her brothers burned down the house of Keibu Keioiba, by putting the woman's skin inside the house in such a way that it could be seen from outside. Upon being revealed the reality of the bamboo container and the live situation happening in his home by a crow, Keibu Keioiba immediately returned home. Seeing the woman's skin burning inside the house, thoughtless Keibu Keioiba assumed it to be Thabaton getting burned. He jumped in the house and died in fire.{{efn|The way [[Keibu Keioiba]] was killed in this version of the story is totally different from the general version of the story.}}<ref name=":Beck" /><ref name=":Adhikary" /><ref name=":Patricia" />

In the "Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines" by [[Patricia Monaghan]], Thabaton was described as a [[sex slave]] of [[Keibu Keioiba]].<ref name=":Patricia">{{Cite book |last=Monaghan |first=Patricia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8zHxlL8my-YC&dq=thabaton&pg=PA209 |title=Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines [2 volumes] |date=2009 |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |isbn=978-0-313-34990-4 |page=209 |language=en |author-link=Patricia Monaghan}}</ref>

== Moral ==
The story of Thabaton gives the [[moral]] that ''"Smart person won't open door to stranger."''<ref>{{Cite book |last1=MacDonald |first1=Margaret Read |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J33YAAAAMAAJ&q=thabaton |title=The Storyteller's Sourcebook: A Subject, Title, and Motif Index to Folklore Collections for Children, 1983-1999 |last2=Sturm |first2=Brian W. |date=2001 |publisher=[[Gale Group]] |isbn=978-0-8103-5485-2 |page=225 |language=en |quote=Smart person won't open door to stranger. Seven brothers leave sister (271.5.1). Thabaton, with warning not to open door until they return. With help of neigh- bor woman, who doesn't want to be eaten, tiger demon tricks Thabaton into opening door, carries her into ...}}</ref>

== Movie character ==
{{Infobox character
| name = Thabaton
| series = [[Keibu Keioiba (Tiger Head)]] 
| image = The appearance of the animated film character Thabaton in the film "Keibu Keioiba (Tiger Head)".jpeg
| alt =
| caption = The appearance of the animated film character Thabaton in the 2009 [[Meitei language]] animation film "[[Keibu Keioiba (Tiger Head)]]"
| first_major = film 
| first_minor = 
| first_date = 2009
| first = 
| last_major =
| last_minor = 
| last_date =
| last = 
| creator = Bhumenjoy Konsam 
| based_on = {{based on|Thabaton}} 
| adapted_by = 
| designer = Bhumenjoy Konsam<ref name=":part-ii" />
| portrayer = Bhumenjoy Konsam<ref name=":part-ii" />
| voice = Kalpana<ref name=":part-ii" />
| motion_actor =
| full_name = Thabaton
| nickname = Thaba 
| alias = 
| species = human being 
| gender = female 
| title = {{langnf|mni|Mabung Taretki Thabaton|Thabaton of the seven brothers}}
| occupation = sister of 7 brothers, housekeeping 
| affiliation = 
| fighting_style =
| weapon =
| family = 7 siblings
| spouse = [[Keibu Keioiba]] 
| significant_other = talking crow<ref name=":part-ii" /> 
| children =
| relatives = seven brothers
| religion = [[Meitei religion]]
| origin = {{langnf|mni|[[Kangleipak]]|[[Manipur]]}} 
| nationality =
}}
In the 2009 animation film [[Keibu Keioiba (Tiger Head)]], the creation of Thabaton's character was a challenge to the filmmakers.
In accordance to the filmmakers, Thabaton's age was assumed to be between 16 and 20 years. And her eldest brother's age was assumed to be around 30. The animation artists found it hard to develop the features of the faces and physiques of Thabaton and her seven different but lookalike brothers who all belong to one family having the age range between 10 and 14 years.<ref name=":part-ii" />

The making of Thabaton's character was extremely time-consuming in comparison to others. It was because artist Bhumenjoy was not handy in creating feminine arts. Observing from the photos of women, artist Bhumenjoy later attempted to draw Thabaton's image. While doing so, he used to remember hairstyles, eyes, height, dresses and everything about the female character. Later on, the innocent looks of lady Thabaton was finally created.<ref name=":part-ii" />

== Depictions in popular culture ==
* Dr. Iram Babu Singh reproduced a [[Sound recording and reproduction|tape-recorded version]] of the story of "Thabaton" narrated by Tombi Devi, from Keinou village in [[Manipur]] in February 1980. The tale was later translated by Dr. Singh.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Beck |first1=Brenda E. F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmKu3t-sYi4C&dq=thabaton&pg=PA303 |title=Folktales of India |last2=Claus |first2=Peter J. |last3=Goswami |first3=Praphulladatta |last4=Handoo |first4=Jawaharlal |date=1999 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=978-0-226-04083-7 |page=303 |language=en}}</ref>
* In the 2009 animation feature film [[Keibu Keioiba (Tiger Head)]] ({{lang-mni|{{script|mtei|ꯀꯩꯕꯨ ꯀꯩꯑꯣꯏꯕ}}}}), the story of Thabaton being kidnapped by [[Keibu Keioiba]] and later rescued by her brothers was featured.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Naorem Nishikanta |title=Bhumenjoy Konsam on the Chemistry of Making Keibu-Kei-Oiba – Part I |newspaper=Manipur Times |url=https://manipurtimes.com/bhumenjoy-konsam-on-the-chemistry-of-making-keibu-kei-oiba-part-i/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":part-ii">{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Naorem Nishikanta |title=Bhumenjoy Konsam on the Chemistry of Making Keibu-Kei-Oiba – Part II |newspaper=Manipur Times |url=https://manipurtimes.com/bhumenjoy-konsam-on-the-chemistry-of-making-keibu-kei-oiba-part-ii/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In the play [[Yamata Amasung Keibu Keioiba]] ({{lang-mni|{{script|mtei|[[ꯌꯥꯃꯥꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯩꯕꯨ ꯀꯩꯑꯣꯏꯕ]]}}}}), written and directed by Heisnam Tomba, under the production of the [[Kalakshetra Manipur]], the character of Thabaton (alias Thaba) was played by Thangjam Salini.<ref name="stagebuzz.in">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-16 |title=Heisnam Tomba's Play: Yamata Amasung Keibu Keioiba |url=https://stagebuzz.in/2020/02/16/heisnam-tombas-play-yamata-amasung-keibu-keioiba/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=StageBuzz |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Similar characters ==
* [[Kushinadahime|Kushinada]] being rescued from the [[Yamata no Orochi]]<ref name="stagebuzz.in"/>
* [[Belle (Beauty and the Beast)]] in association with [[Beast (Beauty and the Beast)|the Beast]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WOwJAQAAMAAJ&q=thabaton |title=Seagull Theatre Quarterly |date=1996 |publisher=Seagull Foundation for the Arts |page=29 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Andromeda (mythology)|Andromeda]] being rescued from the sea monster
* [[Sita]] being abducted by [[Ravana]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Beck |first1=Brenda E. F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmKu3t-sYi4C&dq=thabaton&pg=PA103 |title=Folktales of India |last2=Claus |first2=Peter J. |last3=Goswami |first3=Praphulladatta |last4=Handoo |first4=Jawaharlal |date=1999 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=978-0-226-04083-7 |page=103 |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Lairembigee Eshei]]
* [[Phouoibi Shayon]]
* [[Phou-oibi, the Rice Goddess]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Other websites ==
* [http://e-pao.net/epSearchResults.asp?cx=partner-pub-3342616103029311%3A3788634109&cof=FORID%3A10&ie=UTF-8&q=Thabaton&sa.x=0&sa.y=0 Thabaton] at {{URL|e-pao.net}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Oinam |first1=Bhagat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X31aDwAAQBAJ&dq=thabaton&pg=PT227 |title=Northeast India: A Reader |last2=Sadokpam |first2=Dhiren A. |date=2018-05-11 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |isbn=978-0-429-95320-0 |page=227 |language=en}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Fictional prisoners and detainees]]
[[Category:Keibu Keioiba]]
[[Category:Kidnapped people]]
[[Category:Meitei folklore]]
[[Category:Meitei literature]]
[[Category:Meitei mythology]]
[[Category:Mythological rape victims]]

Thabaton - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article