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adding first data first draft

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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tewar
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Tripuri
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Madhya Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position =
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| coordinates = {{coord|23.1430|79.8465|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jabalpur district|Jabalpur]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Community development block in India|Block]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Jabalpur]]
| seat_type =
| seat =
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| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
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| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 388
| population_footnotes =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_note =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number]]
| postal_code = 483053
| area_code_type = 
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| website =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|MP-IN]]
| footnotes =
}}'''Tewar''' is a village in the [[Jabalpur district]] of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the site of '''Tripuri''', an ancient city-state, and the capital of the [[Kalachuris of Tripuri|later Kalachuris]] during the 8th–13th centuries.

== Etymology ==

Tewar was originally known as "Tripuri" (literally, "three cities"), a [[Sanskrit]]-language name that occurs in ancient literature and inscriptions, sometimes with the variation "Tripura". "Tirpuri", the [[Prakrit]] form of the name, can be found on copper coins dated to the 2nd century BCE or earlier. The 11th-century Iranian scholar [[Al-Biruni]] mentions the town as "Tiori". The modern name of the town may be derived from "Tiura", a corruption of "Tripura".{{sfn|A.M. Shastri|1995|p=148}}

According to the [[Puranas|Puranic]] legends, the name of the town derives from the three forts built by the three demons, collectively known as [[Tripurasura]].{{sfn|Parmanand Gupta|1989|p=157}}

== History ==

The town of Tripuri may have been settled since the late [[Chalcolithic]] period.{{sfn|A.M. Shastri|1995|pp=147-148}} During 1951–52, a [[Sagar University]] team led by M G Dixit conducted excavations at Tewar, and found remnants of the [[black and red ware culture]], along with [[microlith]]s. During 1966–67, further excavations were conducted by a team comprising members from Sagar, [[Pune University|Pune]] and [[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda|Vadodara]] universities. The excavation was financed by the Madhya Pradesh government, and led by [[Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia|H. D. Sankalia]]. The Pune and Baroda teams later withdrew, but the Sagar University continued the excavations until 1971, under the leadership of K. D. Bajpai. These excavations revealed sherds of Chalcolithic pottery, but could not firmly confirm the evidence of a Chalcolithic settlement at the site.{{sfn|M. C. Choubey|2006|p=125}}

Several coins with the legend "Tripuri" have been discovered from Tewar.{{sfn|Parmanand Gupta|1989|p=156}} John Allan, the editor of ''Catalogue of Indian Coins in the British Museum'', assigned these coins to late 3rd century BCE or early 2nd century BCE; other scholars have dated these coins to the later half of the 3rd century BCE.{{sfn|Parmanand Gupta|1989|p=157}} These coins appear to have been issued by the [[city-state]] of Tripuri.{{sfn|Om Prakash Misra|2003|p=17}} The people of Tripuri were known as Traipuras, and the town served as the capital of the ancient [[Chedi Kingdom]].{{sfn|Shiv Kumar Tiwari|2002|p=62}}

The excavations at Tewar have also yielded lead coins of the rulers Bhavadatta, Ajadatta, and Abhayadatta; these coins are dated to the late 2nd century BCE or early 1st century BCE.{{sfn|Om Prakash Misra|2003|p=17}} Between the 2nd century BCE and 1st century CE, the region appears to have been ruled by the Datta and the [[Mitra dynasty (Mathura)|Mitra]] dynasties:{{sfn|Shiv Kumar Tiwari|2002|p=62}} a Mitra dynasty coin has also been discovered here.{{sfn|Om Prakash Misra|2003|p=17}} Coins of several [[Satavahana]] kings have been discovered at the site, indicating that they ruled the region subsequently.{{sfn|Shiv Kumar Tiwari|2002|p=62}} From the post-Satavahana period, the excavations have revealed baked clay sealings and coins of the Bodhi dynasty, whose rule is dated to the 2nd and the 3rd centuries.{{sfn|Parmanand Gupta|1989|pp=157-158}} The coins and seals were issued by the kings Shiva Bodhi, Vasu Bodhi, and Chandra Bodhi.{{sfn|Om Prakash Misra|2003|p=162}}

Tripuri became the capital of the [[Kalachuris of Tripuri|Kalachuri]]-ruled Dahala-mandala kingdom in the 8th century.{{sfn|A.M. Shastri|1995|p=148}}{{sfn|Shiv Kumar Tiwari|2002|p=62}} It remained an important town until the dynasty's end in the 13th century.{{sfn|A.M. Shastri|1995|pp=147-148}} In the 13th century, the area came under the control of the [[Garha Kingdom|Gond]].{{sfn|Shiv Kumar Tiwari|2002|p=62}}

== Demographics ==

According to the [[2011 Census of India]], the Tewar village has 724 households, with a population of 3,468.{{sfn|Census|2011|p=528}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===

{{ref begin}}
* {{cite book |author=A.M. Shastri |author-link=Ajay Mitra Shastri |title=Inscriptions of the Śarabhapurīyas, Pāṇḍuvaṁśins, and Somavaṁśins: Part I |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Idd9i5nP160C&pg=PA47 |year=1995 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0635-1 }}
* {{cite book |author=M. C. Choubey |title=Tripurī, history and culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=axpuAAAAMAAJ |year=2006 |publisher=Sharada |isbn=978-81-88934-28-7 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/23/2334_PART_A_DCHB_JABALPUR.pdf |title=District Census Handbook - Jabalpur |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations |year=2011 |ref={{harvid|Census|2011}} }}
* {{cite book |author=Om Prakash Misra |title=Archaeological Excavations in Central India: Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o0ISjDDWJwQC&pg=PA9 |year=2003 |publisher=Mittal |isbn=978-81-7099-874-7 |page=9 }}
* {{cite book |author=Parmanand Gupta |title=Geography from Ancient Indian Coins & Seals |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzHpZ5N5MhcC&pg=PA157 |year=1989 |publisher=Concept |isbn=978-81-7022-248-4 }}
* {{cite book |author=Shiv Kumar Tiwari |title=Tribal Roots of Hinduism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n0gwfmPFTLgC&pg=PA62 |year=2002 |publisher=Sarup & Sons |isbn=978-81-7625-299-7 }}
{{ref end}}

[[Category:Villages in Jabalpur district]]

Tewar, Madhya Pradesh - Revision history

Robxgr: adding first data first draft