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{{terrorism|Jihad=muslim affiliated groups}}{{More citations needed|date=May 2018}}
A '''terrorist training camp''' is a facility established to train individuals in the ways of [[terrorism]]. By teaching them the methods and tactics of [[terrorism]], those conducting such facilities aim to create an "army" of individuals who will do their bidding. They are often located in, but not confined to, regions where it is intended that acts of terrorism will be carried out, or in traditional areas of extremism, such as [[Pakistan]], [[Afghan training camp|Afghanistan]], [[Iraq]], [[State of Palestine|Palestine]], [[Syria]] and [[Somalia]].<ref name="AFGHANISTAN">{{cite news |url=http://english.people.com.cn/200207/12/eng20020712_99617.shtml |title=4000 Britons trained at terror camps in Afghanistan |newspaper=[[The People's Daily]] |date=July 12, 2002 |access-date=17 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4841170.stm |title=Is Somalia next for 'war on terror'? |work=[[BBC News]] |date=7 June 2006 |access-date=17 December 2019 |first=Joseph |last=Winter |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Wide-open spaces such as parks<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_1768396,001302420000.htm |title=UK parks being used as terror camps: Report |access-date=17 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070315180741/http://www.hindustantimes.in/news/181_1768396,001302420000.htm |archive-date=15 March 2007 |date=14 August 2006 |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |url-status=dead |publisher=[[HT Media Ltd]]}}</ref> and wilderness areas<ref>{{cite news |work=[[CBS News]] |date=May 26, 2004 |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/05/27/terror/main620045.shtml |title=U.S.: Cleric Eyed Ore. Terror Camp |access-date=17 December 2019 |publisher=[[CBS Interactive Inc.]] |agency=Associated Press }}</ref> are common sites for these camps.

Despite the destruction of many jihadist training facilities, numerous camps are known to still exist. Terrorist groups like the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Al Nusra Front (ANF), and Hamas continue to provide these facilities. Camps usually include basic physical fitness training, progression to weapons training and armed assault techniques and potentially instruction in bomb making. Individuals in these camps will also be given guidance to help them avoid coming to the attention of the authorities, and on communicating securely. In most cases, these camps take place in parts of the world which lack stable government oversight, such as Syria, Iraq and Somalia. Spending time there will involve physical hardship and danger. The trainee will have to satisfy those providing the training of their commitment and loyalty.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.mi5.gov.uk/terrorist-training-and-indoctrination |title=MI5 Terrorist Training and Indoctrination |access-date=13 February 2019 |work=[[Security Service (MI5)]]}}</ref>

== Locations ==
Many camps are located in regions of conflict. The call to [[jihad]] has seen many Muslims enter such camps, followed by US drone strikes.{{cn|date=February 2021}}

[[Abu Hamza al-Masri]] was indicted in a conspiracy to attempt to establish a "terrorist training camp" in late 1999 and early 2000 with Taliban supporter [[Earnest James Ujaama]] who traveled to [[Bly, Oregon]], with a dozen men from his Seattle house of worship. Ujaama is a US citizen who had met Abu Hamza in England in 1999 and was indicted in the US for providing aid to al-Qaeda, attempting to establish a terrorist training camp, and for running a website advocating global jihad.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/LAW/08/29/ujaama.background/index.html|work=CNN|title=From community activist to alleged terror conspirator|date=29 August 2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/05/the-terror-camp-that-wasnt-106446 |title= The Terror Camp That Wasn't jihadist training ground, or an elaborate scam? |author= PHIL HIRSCHKORN |date= May 7, 2014 |work= [[Politico]] |access-date= March 19, 2019 }}</ref> The FBI has confirmed some reports [[Jamaat ul-Fuqra]] headquartered at the “Islamberg” community in upstate New York was training members in isolated communes across America and Canada.<ref>[https://clarionproject.org/exclusive-fbi-confirms-jihadi-training-camps-america/ January 31, 2018 By Ryan Mauro Exclusive: FBI Confirms Jihadi Training Camps in America Clarion Project]</ref><ref name="cnn.com">[https://www.cnn.com/2018/08/08/us/new-mexico-compound-complaint-school-shooting/index.html/ New Mexico compound suspects were training children for school shootings, prosecutors say] cnn.com, 8 August 2018.</ref>

In [[Amalia, New Mexico]] in the United States of America, in the summer of 2018 on a remote site with a small camping trailer within a surrounding wall of car tires, 5 adults, 11 hungry children (ages 1 to 15), and later a dead child, were found. Court documents stated the children had been trained for shootings at schools.<ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/prosecutor-man-at-new-mexico-compound-trained-kids-for-school-shooting/ Prosecutor: Man at New Mexico compound trained kids for school shooting] timesofisrael.com, 9 August 2018.</ref><ref name="cnn.com"/>
Federal terrorism, kidnapping, and firearms charges were brought against five adults in March 2019.<ref name="ChargesFederalYilekExaminer">{{cite web |url= https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/new-mexico-compound-was-alleged-terrorist-training-camp-to-kill-us-officers |title= New Mexico compound was alleged terrorist training camp to kill US officers |author= Caitlin Yilek |date= March 15, 2019 |work= [[Washington Examiner]] |quote= Assistant Attorney General John Demers said those attacks were being planned against federal law enforcement officers and members of the military. |access-date= March 15, 2019 }}</ref>

==Purpose==
These encampments provide recruits with weapons training, protocol training, interaction with skilled veterans, and a secure geographic location for operations. Recruits are regularly indoctrinated in the goals and beliefs of the organization.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/terrorist-indoctrination-turning-people-killers-norman |author1=Lihou Dr. Norman T. Lihou |date=25 January 2015 |title=Terrorist Indoctrination Turning People into Killers |website=LinkedIn|access-date=20 June 2017}}{{dead link|date=July 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Organizational leaders attempt to isolate recruits from their outside social connections and force them to establish a new identity.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}} This allows the organization to become the “family” of the recruit and generate loyalty to the organization's goals.

== Psychological traits ==
Depending on the type of organization, the religion and “strength of faith” of the recruit is often an indicator of their status within the organization. Those who are not willing to comply, even after completion of training, are often punished and undergo training to strengthen their observance.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}} Terrorist recruits are tested on knowledge of their religion and of rival groups. Recruiters do this to verify that each recruit has the necessary beliefs, which ensures organizational unification. Religious verification ensures that each member is working towards mutual goals.<ref name="Understanding terrorism">{{Cite web|url=http://www.apa.org/monitor/2009/11/terrorism.aspx |title=Understanding Terrorism |last=DeAngelis |first=Tori |date=November 2009|website=American Psychological Association |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109122812/http://www.apa.org/monitor/2009/11/terrorism.aspx|archive-date=2010-01-09|url-status=dead |access-date=20 June 2017}}</ref>

Recruiters use techniques that exploit or create mental trauma in order to produce a dissociated mindset in recruits — a condition in which the identity and awareness of the recruit is reset.<ref name="Understanding terrorism"/> Typical recruits look to join terrorist organizations because they are angry, alienated and/or disenfranchised.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} Common thought processes include: believing that their current political involvement does not give them the power to effect change; identifying with perceived victims of the perceived social injustice they are fighting; feeling the need to take action; believing that violence is not immoral; having friends or family sympathetic to the cause; and craving social and psychological rewards such as adventure, camaraderie, and a heightened sense of identity.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} Internet and cyber-skills are sought after as technically knowledgeable recruits can help the organization.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

== Examples of physical demands ==
Many terrorist organizations train recruits in [[guerrilla warfare]]. Recruits must be in shape in order to learn these tactics. An [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|ISIS]] workout video shows that cardiovascular fitness is important.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://domesticity.gawker.com/a-fitness-critique-of-the-isis-terrorist-workout-video-1593208538|title=A Fitness Critique of the ISIS Terrorist Workout Video|last=Nolan|first=Hamilton|date=19 June 2014|website=Domesticity|access-date=20 June 2017}}</ref> Recruits often train in full uniform, with weapons in hand. Recruits need to be able to survive in their environment with little nourishment. Recruits learn that if success is not attained, they will not be rescued.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Terrorist Training Centers Around the World|last=Forest|first=James|publisher=Praeger Security International|year=2006|location=Westport, Conn.|pages=296–309}}</ref>

== Known locations of terrorist training camps ==
Abu Isa training camp is an [[ISIL]] [[training camp]] located in [[Ninewa]] whose trainer was identified as Jundullah al-Azeri.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yDOoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT187 |title=Networked Insurgencies and Foreign Fighters in Eurasia |first1=Jean-Francois |last1=Ratelle |first2=Laurence |last2=Broers |publisher=[[Routledge]] |date=29 October 2016 |page=187 |isbn=9781351583534}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.intelcenter.com/reports/islamic-state-videos/IntelCenter-IslamicState-VideoSampleListing-23Nov2015r.pdf |title=Terrorist & Rebel Video Listing: Islamic State (IS) |date=23 November 2015 |access-date=17 December 2019 |work=[[IntelCenter]] Database (ICD) |page=66}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=The Islamic State and the connections to historical networks of Jihadism in Azerbaijan |first=David |last=Lonardo |pages=239–260 |date=22 August 2016 |doi=10.1080/23761199.2016.1221218 |journal=Caucasus Survey |volume=4 |issue=3 |publisher=[[Tandfonline]]|s2cid=133350303 }}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

{{Terrorism topics}}
{{US War on Terror|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Terrorism]]
[[Category:Terrorist training camps]]

Terrorist training camp - Revision history

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