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{{short description|Portuguese historian, writer, editor (1947–2019)}}
{{No footnotes|date=January 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Teotónio de Souza
| image = Teotonio R de Souza.jpg
| caption = De Souza in 2009
| birth_name = Teotónio Rosário de Souza
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1947|2|18|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Moira, Goa|Moirá]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]
| occupation = Historian
| spouse = Elvira Correia de Souza
| death_date = {{death date and age|2019|2|20|1947|2|18|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Lisbon]], Portugal
| alma_mater = {{ubl|
* [[Jnana-Deepa Vidyapeeth]]
* [[University of Pune|University of Poona]]}}
| website =
| signature =
| parents =
}}

'''Teotónio Rosário de Souza''' (18 February 1947 – 20 February 2019) was a [[Portugal|Portuguese]] historian and, as a [[Society of jesus|Jesuit]], a cofounder and first director of the [[Xavier Centre of Historical Research]] (XCHR), at [[Porvorim|Alto Porvorim]], [[Goa]].<ref>{{Cite thesis
|last=Abreu
|first=Fr. Savio
|title=Contribution of Jesuits to higher education in Goa: historical background of higher education of the Jesuits
|date=2012
|publisher=GRISO-University of Navarra
|url=http://dadun.unav.edu/handle/10171/27918/
|isbn=978-84-8081-338-9
|pages=9–21
|archive-date=10 February 2015
|access-date=10 February 2015
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210191823/http://dadun.unav.edu/handle/10171/27918/
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> Based in Portugal since 1995, de Souza was Head and chair, Department of History in the [[Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias]] from 1999 to 2014. He was also a fellow of the Portuguese Academy of History since 1983, and of the [[Lisbon Geographic Society|Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa]] since 2000.

==Early and personal life==
Of [[Goan Catholic]] origin, de Souza was born in the village of [[Moira, Goa|Moirá]] in the [[Bardes]] ''[[concelho]]'' of [[Portuguese Goa]]. He belonged to the fifth vangodd (clan) of the village and is the 12th generation descendant of Shantappa Kamat, a [[Goud Saraswat Brahmin]] (GSB) who became Diogo de Souza after his conversion to Christianity in 1618.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.goacom.com/culture/biographies/tdesbio.html
|title=Dr. Teotónio de Souza: An Autobiography
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517122848/http://www.goacom.com/culture/biographies/tdesbio.html
|archive-date=17 May 2011
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

De Souza was educated mostly in Goa during Portuguese colonial rule. He belonged to the [[Goan]] [[Society of Jesus|Jesuits]] for twenty-six years. He left the [[catholic priesthood|priesthood]] in 1995, with [[Dispensation (canon law)|dispensation]] for [[Loss of clerical state (Catholic Church)|laicisation]] from the [[Holy See]] so that he could marry a Portuguese woman named Elvira Correia de Souza.<ref name=":0" /> He was awarded Portuguese nationality in 1995 and was granted [[Overseas Citizenship of India]] (OCI) by the [[Government of India]] in 2007. On 20 February 2019, de Souza died in [[Lisbon]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Well-known historian Teotonio dies |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/well-known-historian-teotonio-dies/articleshow/68087457.cms |access-date=21 February 2019 |work=The Times of India |date=21 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navhindtimes.in/dr-teotonio-de-souza-was-persistent-in-chasing-knowledge/|title=Dr Teotonio de Souza was persistent in chasing knowledge|date=22 February 2019|work=[[The Navhind Times]]|access-date=2019-02-23}}</ref>

==Career==

===In history===
In 1979, de Souza wrote his [[PhD]] thesis, ''Medieval Goa: A Socio-Economic History.''<ref>
{{Cite thesis|last=de Souza|first=Teotónio|title=Medieval Goa: A Socio-Economic History|date=1979|degree=PhD|publisher=Concept Publ. Co.|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/200764375|language=en}}</ref> It challenged the view that Portuguese rule in South Asia resulted in overall prosperity in Goa in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. His work claimed that "Golden Goa" was an expression popularised by art historians, with reference to the [[baroque]] church architecture of the early centuries of the Portuguese rule.

De Souza was the author and editor of many books and research papers, in both [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] and [[English language|English]]. His partial memoirs are penned in a book, titled ''Goa To Me''.<ref>{{Cite book
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy9qBd8u0M0C&q=medieval%2520goa&pg=PA9
|title = Goa to Me
|last = Souza
|first = Teotonio R. De
|date = 1994
|publisher = Concept Publishing Company
|isbn = 9788170225041
|language = en
|access-date = 2018-11-19
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160918130256/https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy9qBd8u0M0C&pg=PA9&dq=medieval+goa&lr=&ei=X_anSoDUNY3GNd-iwKAK&hl=pt-PT#v=onepage&q=medieval%2520goa&f=false
|archive-date = 18 September 2016
|url-status = live
}}</ref> His favourite area of research includes colonial and post-colonial themes, with particular reference to Portuguese in Asia. His authority in this field has at times been hijacked by people stealing his identity on the Internet. An article entitled "The Goa Inquisition", attributes its authorship to him, on a US-based website called ''Christianaggression,'' in 2005. It has since been cited by other communal sites.<ref>{{Cite mailing list
|url = http://www.mail-archive.com/goanet@lists.goanet.org/msg22724.html
|title = Re: [Goanet] Details of the Goa Inquisition or Hindutva cyber crimes?
|website = mail-archive.com
|language = en
|access-date = 2018-11-19
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402155158/http://www.mail-archive.com/goanet@lists.goanet.org/msg22724.html
|archive-date = 2 April 2015
|url-status = live
}}</ref>
{{Better source needed
|reason = citation is the "Goanet forum", which is not an objective source regarding the nature of this dispute
|date=August 2015
}}

On his 60th birthday, de Souza was felicitated with a [[festschrift]] titled, ''Metahistory: History questioning History'', containing personal tributes and 43 research papers contributed by historians and social scientists from the world over.<ref name=":0">
{{Cite book
|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/9635462/Metahistory
|title=Metahistory: History questioning History
|last1=Borges
|first1=C.J.
|last2 = Pearson
|first2 = S.J.
|last3 = Pearson
|first3 = M.N.
|via=Scribd
|publisher=Nova Vega
|year=2007
|location=Lisboa
|language=en
|access-date=2018-11-19
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827084126/http://www.scribd.com/doc/9635462/Metahistory|archive-date=27 August 2013
|url-status=live
}}</ref> The Lusophone University of Lisbon awarded him its Gold Medal of Merit on the same occasion, in recognition of his research, teaching, and critical appreciation and promotion of [[Lusophony]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.grupolusofona.pt/portal/page?_pageid=135,514781&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |title=1º Ciclo – História |access-date=9 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908230937/http://www.grupolusofona.pt/portal/page?_pageid=135,514781&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |archive-date=8 September 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

A firm believer in the power of web since the early 70s, and a defender of digitalization of historical sources, he founded, in partnership with the Goa-based journalist [[Frederick Noronha]], the ''Goa-Research-Net'' in 1997,<ref>
{{Cite web
|url=https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/goa-research-net/info
|title= Goa Research Net on Yahoo! Groups
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810010319/https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/goa-research-net/info
|archive-date=10 August 2016
|url-status=dead
|access-date=12 January 2017
}}</ref> initially hosted in the ''Goanet'' server, and since 2005 on [[Yahoo! Groups]]. It also has branches on [[Facebook]] and on [[Mendeley]], since May 2017.

Since November 2008, de Souza had continually been a columnist to the Goan daily ''Herald,'' in a section which sought to link Goa and Portugal, in the past. Since 2012, he had written [[Op-ed]] columns for ''The Goan Everyday.''<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://www.thegoan.net/Columnists/Unwinding-Culture
|title=Unwinding Culture
|date=2015-03-19
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319083947/http://www.thegoan.net/Columnists/Unwinding-Culture
|archive-date=2015-03-19
|url-status=dead
|access-date=2018-11-19
}}</ref> He also wrote for the ''Goan Observer ''<ref>{{Cite web
|url = http://www.goanobserver.in/2016/11/05/karma-dharma-indian-democracy/
|title = KARMA, DHARMA AND INDIAN DEMOCRACY – Goan Observer
|last = de Souza
|first = Teotónio
|date = 2016-11-05
|website = Goan Observer
|language = en-US
|access-date = 2018-11-19
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161118224416/http://www.goanobserver.in/2016/11/05/karma-dharma-indian-democracy/
|archive-date = 18 November 2016
|url-status = live
}}</ref> and, since April 2018, ran a column for a Portuguese digital newspaper,'' Pátria ''.<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://apatria.org/utilizador/teotoniosouza/?profiletab=posts
|title=Teotónio R. de Souza: Profile on Pátria
|language=pt-PT
|access-date=2018-11-19
}}</ref> Many of his writings are consulted online at [[Academia.edu]],<ref>{{Cite web
|url = https://grupolusofona.academia.edu/TeotonioRdeSouza
|title = Teotonio R. de Souza {{!}} ULHT – Universidade Lusofona de Humanidades e Tecnologias – Academia.edu
|website = grupolusofona.academia.edu
|language = en
|access-date = 2018-11-19
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140523102853/http://grupolusofona.academia.edu/TeotonioRdeSouza
|archive-date = 23 May 2014
|url-status = live
}}</ref> [[Scribd]],<ref>
{{Cite web
|url=https://www.scribd.com/people/documents/723742-teotonio-r-de-souza
|title=Teotónio de Souza {{!}} Scribd
|via=Scribd
|language=en
|access-date=2018-11-19
}}</ref> [[ResearchGate]],<ref>{{Cite web
|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Teotonio_Souza
|title=Teotonio R. de Souza {{!}} M.A, (Philosophy, History), PhD (History) {{!}} Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon {{!}} ULHT {{!}} CPES – Centro de Pesquisa e Estudos Sociais
|website=ResearchGate
|language=en
|access-date=2018-11-19
}}</ref> and the ReCil Lusófona<ref>{{Cite web
|url = http://recil.grupolusofona.pt/browse?value=Souza%252C+Teot%25C3%25B3nio+R.+de&type=author
|title = Visualizar pelo Autor "Souza%2C Teot%C3%B3nio R. de"
|website = recil.grupolusofona.pt
|access-date = 2018-11-19
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141918/http://recil.grupolusofona.pt/browse?value=Souza%2C+Teot%C3%B3nio+R.+de&type=author
|archive-date = 12 June 2018
|url-status = live
}}</ref> – the online scientific repository of the [[Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias]], [[Lisboa Region|Lisboa]].

His book ''Goa: Outgrowing Postcolonialism – Historical Explorations (1961-2014),'' is a cultural-historical analysis of the evolution of Goa since its [[Annexation of Goa|annexation]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Goa outgrowing Postcolonialism: Historical Explorations|last=Souza|first=Teotonio R. de|date=2014-05-08|publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|isbn=9781495346972|location=Lisboa|language=en}}</ref>

===Academic and research activities===
De Souza retired from October 2014 as Cathedratic professor of the [[Universidade Lusófona]], after representing, since 1996, the interests of History teaching and research on the Scientific and Pedagogic Councils, of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Education and Administration of the Universidade Lusófona, as an ex-officio member. While acting as coordinator / Director of the MA and M.Phil. courses in History,<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://fcsh.ulusofona.pt:80/index.php/historia
|title=Apresentação do Curso de História
|date=2009-09-13
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091217180811/http://fcsh.ulusofona.pt/index.php/historia
|archive-date=2009-12-17
|url-status=dead
|access-date=2018-11-19
}}</ref> he guided M.Phil. and PhD researchers in Political Science and Diplomatic Relations and directed a line of research related to "Colonial and Post-Colonial Societies", and Memories of CPES (Centro de Pesquisa e Estudos Sociais) of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa.

He was Director-Editor of the Journal of ACSEL (Associação dos Cientistas Sociais do Espaço Lusófono)<ref>{{Cite web
|url = http://revistas.ulusofona.pt/index.php/campussocial/issue/archive
|title = Edições Anteriores {{!}} Campus Social – Revista Lusófona de Ciências Sociais
|website = revistas.ulusofona.pt
|language = pt-PT
|access-date = 2018-11-19
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091208111110/http://revistas.ulusofona.pt/index.php/campussocial/issue/archive
|archive-date = 8 December 2009
|url-status = live
}}</ref> and continued to help as Chief-Editor of the Journal FLUXOS E RISCOS – Revista de Estudos Sociais, that published the research findings of CPES (Centre for Social Research and Studies). He was also a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Souza, Teotonio de}}
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:2019 deaths]]
[[Category:Scholars from Goa]]
[[Category:Portuguese Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Former Jesuits]]
[[Category:20th-century Portuguese historians]]
[[Category:Portuguese male writers]]
[[Category:Portuguese people of Goan descent]]
[[Category:People from North Goa district]]
[[Category:Savitribai Phule Pune University alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Portuguese writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Portuguese historians]]

Teotónio de Souza - Revision history

VirgilioBrereton: starting initial details with sources