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{{Short description|Indian obstetrician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox medical person|honorific_prefix=Sir|name=Temulji Bhicaji Nariman|honorific_suffix=|image=Temulji Bhicaji Nariman.jpg|image_size=|alt=|caption=Nariman in his freemason's robes|birth_name=|birth_date=3 September 1848|birth_place=|death_date=1 August 1940 (aged {{age in years|1848|9|3|1940|8|1}})
|death_place=|death_cause=|nationality=Indian|citizenship=|education=|occupation=[[Obstetrician]] and physician|years_active=|known_for=Founding Bombay's [[Parsi Lying-in Hospital]] in 1887|relations=|website=|profession=|field=|work_institutions=|specialism=|research_field=|notable_works=|prizes=1909 [[Kaisar-i-Hind Medal]]|child=|module2=|signature=}}

'''Sir Temulji Bhicaji Nariman''' [[Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh|RCSEd]], also recorded as '''Tehmulji B. Nariman''' (3 September 1848 – 1 August 1940), was a [[Parsis]] [[obstetrician]] from Bombay (now [[Mumbai]]) who co-founded one of the city's first [[Maternity hospital|lying-in hospitals]] in 1887 and was knighted in 1914 for his work during the [[List of epidemics|plague epidemic]] in [[India]] at the turn of the 19th century.

A graduate of [[Grant Medical College]], he became its Dean and remained active in medical education. He headed the maternity hospital for twenty-one years, was awarded the [[Kaisar-i-Hind Medal]] in 1909 and became president of the [[College of Physicians & Surgeons of Mumbai|College of Physicians and Surgeons of Bombay]].

==Early life and family==
Temulji B. Nariman was born on 3 September 1848 to a poor family at [[Navsari]].<ref name=Nariman1941>{{Cite book|last=Nariman|first=Sam D.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vVA0AAAAMAAJ&q=1848|title=Dr. Sir Temulji Bhicaji Nariman Kt: A Short Sketch of His Life|year=1941|publisher=Mody's Diamond Print. Works|pages=1}}</ref>

He was married to his cousin in 1853 when he was about 5 years old, and in 1997 (57 years after his death) his marriage to Lady Nariman of Bombay of 86 years duration was officially noted as the [[List of long marriages|longest marriage]] ever recorded and has only been recorded to have been surpassed by two other couples, with the longest being 90 years and 291 days.<ref name="khilani1993">{{Cite book|last=Khilnani|first=N. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i7ayFbhJ9GcC&q=Temulji+Bhicaji+Narima&pg=PA132|title=Socio-political Dimensions of Modern India|publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd.|year=1993|isbn=978-81-85880-06-8|location=New Delhi}}
</ref><ref name="Independent1997">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people-marriage-that-has-lasted-for-75-years-1246301.html|title=People: Marriage that has lasted for 75 years|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|access-date=29 October 2018}}</ref>

==Career==
[[File:Mumbai 03-2016 37 University.jpg|thumb|Mumbai (Bombay) University|alt=]]
[[File:Grant medical college 1860.jpg|220x220px|thumb|Old Grant Medical College building, 1860|alt=]]
In 1872, Temulji passed his medical licentiate at [[Grant Medical College]].<ref name="Pandya2018"/> Subsequently, he became the first [[University of Bombay]] graduate to be elected its medical [[Dean (education)|Dean]].<ref name="Pandya2018"/>

In 1887,<ref name="Dwivedi1999">{{Cite book|last=Dwivedi|first=Sharada|last2=Mehrotra|first2=Rahul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rTRuAAAAMAAJ&q=1887|title=Fort walks: around Bombay's Fort area|publisher=Eminence Designs|year=1999|isbn=9788190060233|pages=132}}
</ref> his interest in [[puerperal fever]] led him to co-found the [[Parsi Lying-in Hospital]],<ref name="Pandya2018"/> one of Bombay's first maternity hospitals,<ref name="Zoroastrian">{{Cite news|url=https://zoroastrians.net/2014/10/18/the-history-behind-the-parsi-lying-in-hospital/|title=The history behind the Parsi Lying-In Hospital|work=Zoroastrians.net|date=18 October 2014|access-date=31 October 2018}}</ref> which was completed in 1895.<ref name=Dwivedi1999/> It was later popularly known as Temulji's Lying-in Hospital<ref name="Times">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Parsi-maternity-home-on-the-block/articleshow/2005821.cms|title=Parsi maternity home on the block|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref><ref name=parsikhabar2017>{{Cite news|url=https://parsikhabar.net/news/tehmulji-parsi-lying-in-hospital-case-thrown-out-as-infructuous-by-su|title=Tehmulji Parsi Lying In Hospital case thrown out as 'infructuous' by Supreme Court|work=Parsi Khabar|date=27 March 2017|access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref> and he came to be symbolic of "Parsi motherhood".<ref name=Rammana2012>{{Cite book|last=Ramanna|first=Mridula|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mm14U_6JVwoC&q=Tehmulji+Parsi+Lying&pg=PA93|title=Health Care in Bombay Presidency, 1896–1930|publisher=Primus Books|year=2012|isbn=978-93-80607-24-5|pages=93}}
</ref> Nariman headed the maternity hospital for twenty one years and joined the Governor's council in 1910.<ref name=Rammana2012/>

In 1902, he prepared an essay describing his time at Grant Medical College (1867 to 1902). Among the descriptions of the training and examination arrangements there he noted that the college physicians were often in competition with local "quacks" and unqualified medical practitioners known as ''vaids'' and ''hakims'' who offered traditional remedies and sometimes were able to claim a success when a patient who was already close to recovery was transferred to their care.<ref name="Pandya2018"/>

For his diverse activities, Nariman was awarded the gold [[Kaisar-i-Hind Medal]] in 1909.<ref name="medal1909">{{Cite journal|date=2 October 1909|title=Meetings of Branches and Divisions; Bombay Branch|journal=British Medical Journal |volume=2|issue=2544|pages=S245–S252|issn=0007-1447|pmc=2320955|doi=10.1136/bmj.2.2544.s245}}
</ref><ref name=Nariman50>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&id=vVA0AAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=kaiser Nariman, Sam D. (1941), p.50]</ref>

In 1913, Nariman was elected vice president of the newly formed [[College of Physicians & Surgeons of Mumbai|College of Physicians and Surgeons of Bombay]] and later became its president.<ref name=Nariman37>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?redir_esc=y&id=vVA0AAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=president+ Nariman, Sam D. (1941), p.37]</ref><ref name=IndianGazette1954>{{Cite journal|date=May 1954|title=Convocation Address at The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Bombay|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319697230|journal=The Indian Medical Gazette|pages=308}}</ref>

He was knighted in 1914 for his work during the plague epidemic in India at the turn of the 19th century.<ref name="Pandya2018">{{Cite book|last=Pandya|first=Sunil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_N0DwAAQBAJ&q=Temulji+Narima&pg=PA258|title=Medical Education in Western India: Grant Medical College and Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy's Hospital|year=2018|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-5275-1805-6|pages=258}}
</ref> He later became a Fellow of [[Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh]] in 1922,<ref name=BMJ1922>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/2/3229/1002.2.full.pdf|title=RCS (Edinburgh) fellowship|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=2|issue=3229|pages=1002|doi=10.1136/bmj.2.3229.1002-a|s2cid=220197757|date=18 November 1922}}</ref> by which time he claimed to have attended more than 25,000 maternity cases.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=India|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=3203|pages=816–817|issn=0007-1447|pmc=2416146|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.3203.816-a|date=20 May 1922}}
</ref> He was selected as [[Sheriff of Bombay]] for 1922–23.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Directory Of Bombay City Province 1939|year=1939|page=86}}</ref>

From 1932 to 1938, he was grandmaster of the [[Grand Lodge of India|District Grand Lodge of India]],<ref name=LodgeIndia>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dgli-sc.com/nariman.htm|title=Lodge Sir Tehmulji Nariman|date=1909|website=www.dgli-sc.com|access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref> the first grandmaster of All Scottish Freemasonry in India.<ref name=Luhrma1996>{{Cite book|last=Luhrmann|first=Taya M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Lw1_dj9Yh4C&q=tehmulji+nariman&pg=PA94|title=The Good Parsi: The Fate of a Colonial Elite in a Postcolonial Society|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0-674-35675-7|pages=94–95}}</ref>

==Death and legacy==
Nariman died on 1 August 1940 at almost 92.<ref name="Independent1997"/> A painting of him was unveiled at Grant Medical College in 1925.<ref name="Portrait1925">{{Cite journal|title=Service Notes|journal=The Indian Medical Gazette|volume=60|issue=11|pages=555–557|issn=0019-5863|pmc=5188887|pmid=29010320|date=November 1925}}
</ref> In 2014, plans were confirmed to rebuild Temulji's Lying-in hospital into an orthopaedic hospital.<ref name=MumbaiMirror>{{Cite news|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/vacant-for-25-years-parsi-lying-in-hospital-to-become-rs-100-crore-ortho-facility/articleshow/34220100.cms|title=Vacant for 25 years, Parsi Lying-In hospital to become Rs 100 crore ortho facility|work=Mumbai Mirror|access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* [http://www.worldcat.org/title/dr-sir-temulji-bhicaji-nariman-kt-a-short-sketch-of-his-life/oclc/12719384 ''Dr. Sir Temulji Bhicaji Nariman Kt. : a short sketch of his life''], S. D. Nariman (1941), {{OCLC|12719384}}.
* [https://archive.org/details/historyoflodgeri00wadirich/page/n3 ''History of Lodge Rising Star of Western India''], by D. F. Wadia, Bombay, British India Press (1912).

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1848 births]]
[[Category:1940 deaths]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian Zoroastrians]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian medical doctors]]
[[Category:Indian knights]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]
[[Category:Indian Freemasons]]
[[Category:Sheriffs of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Parsi people from Mumbai]]

Temulji Bhicaji Nariman - Revision history

imported>Bart Versieck at 00:48, 24 August 2021