https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=TemporinTemporin - Revision history2026-10-28T11:53:44ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporin&diff=151001&oldid=previmported>RedTent1701: Fixed citation by adding four more authors. Only the first author was originally listed.2021-06-17T15:25:47Z<p>Fixed citation by adding four more authors. Only the first author was originally listed.</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Peptide secretion}}<br />
[[File:Sekretausscheidung zur Musth.JPG|right|thumb|Secretion of temporins visible on an [[African elephant]] during musth (2007).]]<br />
'''Temporins''' are a family of [[peptide]]s isolated originally from the skin secretion of the European red frog, ''[[Rana temporaria]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Eur J Biochem |date=Dec 15, 1996 |volume=242 |issue=3 |pages=788–792 |title=Temporins, antimicrobial peptides from the European red frog Rana temporaria |author1=Simmaco M |author2=Mignogna G |author3=Canofeni S |author4=Miele R |author5=Mangoni ML |author6=Barra D |doi=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0788r.x|doi-access=free }}</ref> Peptides belonging to the '''temporin''' family have been isolated also from closely related North American frogs, such as ''Rana sphenocephala''.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Holden|first1=Whitney|last2=Reinert|first2=Laura K|last3=Hanlon|first3=Shane M|last4=Parris|first4=Matthew J|last5=Rollins-Smith|first5=Louise A|date=January 2015|title=Development of antimicrobial peptide defenses of southern leopard frogs, Rana sphenocephala, against the pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145305X14002286|journal=Developmental & Comparative Immunology|volume=48|issue=1|page=65-75|doi=10.1016/j.dci.2014.09.003|pmid=25218643|access-date=16 June 2021}}</ref><br />
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In [[elephant]]s, temporin is secreted by [[temporal bone|temporal]] [[exocrine gland|glands]] during the period of [[musth]]. It contains [[protein]]s, [[lipid]]s (notably [[cholesterol]]), [[phenol]]s, [[cresol]]s and [[sesquiterpene]]s (notably [[farnesol]] and its derivatives).<ref>{{cite book |title=The living elephants: evolutionary ecology, behavior, and conservation |last=Sukumar |first=R |year=2003 |publisher= [[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=9780195107784 |page=[https://archive.org/details/livingelephantse00suku_0/page/155 155] |url= https://archive.org/details/livingelephantse00suku_0 |url-access=registration |accessdate=2010-12-25}}</ref> This is not related to temporins that are antimicrobial peptides.<br />
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In old Sanskrit texts, it is referred to as [[Rut (mammalian reproduction)|rut]] fluid ({{lang|sa-Latn|dāna}}, or {{lang|sa-Latn|mada}}) and is considered to be a symbol of potency and vigour:<ref>Bana, ''Kadambari''. Transl. P. Rajappa, Penguin Books 2010, p. 19</ref><br />
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However, from the point of view of ancient Indian elephant science ({{lang|sa-Latn|gajaśāstra}}), temporin is not a direct symptom of rut.<ref name="NilakanthaEdgerton1931">{{cite book|author1=Nilakantha|author2=Franklin Edgerton|author2-link=Franklin Edgerton|title=The Elephant-lore of the Hindus: The Elephant-sport (Matanga-lila) of Nilakantha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u6-41berm3IC|year=1931|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0005-2}}, pp. 29-38.</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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[[Category:Peptide hormones]]<br />
[[Category:Exocrine system]]<br />
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