https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Template%3AIndo-European
Template:Indo-European - Revision history
2026-09-03T08:51:52Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.43.6
https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Indo-European&diff=553550&oldid=prev
Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "<includeonly>{{#invoke:sidebar|collapsible |pretitle = Part of a series on |titlestyle = padding-top:0.2em;background:#dcf5dc;color:black; |title = Indo-European topics |image = link=File:Indo-European migrations.gif |listtitlestyle = background:#dcf5dc;color:black;padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left; |listclass = hlist |expande..."
2026-09-02T18:13:37Z
<p>Created page with "<includeonly>{{#invoke:sidebar|collapsible |pretitle = Part of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Indo-European_peoples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Indo-European peoples (page does not exist)">a series</a> on |titlestyle = padding-top:0.2em;background:#dcf5dc;color:black; |title = <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Indo-European_peoples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Indo-European peoples (page does not exist)">Indo-European topics</a> |image = <a href="/wiki/File:Indo-European_migrations.gif" title="File:Indo-European migrations.gif">{{{wide|140px}}}|class=notpageimage|link=File:Indo-European migrations.gif</a> |listtitlestyle = background:#dcf5dc;color:black;padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left; |listclass = hlist |expande..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><includeonly>{{#invoke:sidebar|collapsible<br />
|pretitle = Part of [[:Category:Indo-European peoples|a series]] on<br />
|titlestyle = padding-top:0.2em;background:#dcf5dc;color:black;<br />
|title = [[:Category:Indo-European peoples|Indo-European topics]]<br />
|image = [[File:Indo-European migrations.gif|{{{wide|140px}}}|class=notpageimage|link=File:Indo-European migrations.gif]]<br />
|listtitlestyle = background:#dcf5dc;color:black;padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;<br />
|listclass = hlist<br />
|expanded = {{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}}<br />
<br />
|list1name = Languages<br />
|list1title = [[Indo-European languages|Languages]]<br />
|list1 = <hr/><br />
* [[List of Indo-European languages]]<br />
----<br />
'''''Extant'''''<br />
* [[Albanoid]]<br />
** {{small|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]}}<br />
* [[Armenian language|Armenian]]<br />
* [[Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]]<br />
** {{small|[[Baltic languages|Baltic]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Slavic languages|Slavic]]}}<br />
* [[Celtic languages|Celtic]]<br />
* [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] <br />
* [[Hellenic languages|Hellenic]] <br />
** {{small|[[Greek language|Greek]]}}<br />
* [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]<br />
** {{small|[[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Iranian languages|Iranian]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Nuristani languages|Nuristani]]}}<br />
* [[Italic languages|Italic]] <br />
** {{small|[[Romance languages|Romance]]}}<br />
<br />
'''''Extinct'''''<br />
* [[Anatolian languages|Anatolian]]<br />
* [[Tocharian languages|Tocharian]]<br />
* [[Paleo-Balkan languages|Paleo-Balkan]]<br />
**{{small|[[Dacian language|Dacian]]}}<br />
**{{small|[[Illyrian language|Illyrian]]}}<br />
**{{small|[[Liburnian language|Liburnian]]}}<br />
**{{small|[[Messapic language|Messapic]]}}<br />
**{{small|[[Mysian language|Mysian]]}}<br />
**{{small|[[Paeonian language|Paeonian]]}}<br />
**{{small|[[Phrygian language|Phrygian]]}}<br />
**{{small|[[Thracian language|Thracian]]}}<br />
----<br />
'''''Reconstructed'''''<br />
*[[Proto-Indo-European language]]<br /><br />
**[[Proto-Indo-European phonology|Phonology]]: [[Indo-European sound laws|Sound laws]], [[Proto-Indo-European accent|Accent]], [[Indo-European ablaut|Ablaut]]<br />
----<br />
'''''Hypothetical'''''<br />
* [[Paleo-Balkan languages|Balkanic]]<br />
* [[Daco-Thracian]]<br />
* [[Graeco-Albanian]]<br />
* [[Graeco-Armenian]]<br />
* [[Graeco-Aryan]]<br />
* [[Graeco-Phrygian]]<br />
* [[Indo-Hittite]]<br />
* [[Italo-Celtic]]<br />
* [[Thraco-Illyrian]]<br />
----<br />
'''''Grammar'''''<br />
* [[Indo-European vocabulary|Vocabulary]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European root|Root]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European verbs|Verbs]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European nominals|Nouns]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European pronouns|Pronouns]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European numerals|Numerals]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European particles|Particles]]<br />
----<br />
'''''Other'''''<br />
* [[Proto-Albanian language|Proto-Albanian]]<br />
* [[Proto-Anatolian language|Proto-Anatolian]]<br />
* [[Proto-Armenian language|Proto-Armenian]]<br />
* [[Proto-Germanic language|Proto-Germanic]] ([[Proto-Norse language|Proto-Norse]])<br />
* [[Proto-Italo-Celtic language|Proto-Italo-Celtic]] ([[Proto-Celtic language|Proto-Celtic]] · [[Proto-Italic language|Proto-Italic]])<br />
* [[Proto-Greek language|Proto-Greek]]<br />
* [[Proto-Balto-Slavic language|Proto-Balto-Slavic]] ([[Proto-Slavic language|Proto-Slavic]] · [[Proto-Baltic language|Proto-Baltic]])<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-Iranian language|Proto-Indo-Iranian]] ([[Proto-Indo-Aryan language|Proto-Indo-Aryan]], [[Proto-Iranian language|Proto-Iranian]], [[Proto-Nuristani language|Proto-Nuristani]])<br />
<br />
|list2name = Philology<br />
|list2title = Philology<br />
|list2=<br />
*[[Anitta text]]<br />
*[[Hittite inscriptions]]<br />
*[[Hieroglyphic Luwian]]<br />
*[[Linear B]]<br />
*[[Rigveda]]<br />
*[[Avesta]]<br />
*[[Homer]]<br />
*[[Behistun Inscription|Behistun]]<br />
*[[Greek inscriptions|Greek epigraphy]]<br />
*[[Phrygian language#Inscriptions|Phrygian epigraphy]]<br />
*[[Messapic language#Inscriptions|Messapic epigraphy]]<br />
*[[Old Latin#Corpus|Latin epigraphy]]<br />
*[[Gaulish#Corpus|Gaulish epigraphy]]<br />
*[[Runic inscriptions|Runic epigraphy]]<br />
*[[Ogham]]<br />
*[[Gothic Bible]]<br />
*[[Bible translations into Armenian]]<br />
*[[Tocharian script]]<br />
*[[Old Irish#Sources|Old Irish glosses]]<br />
*[[Kanun (Albania)|Albanian Kanun]]<br />
<br />
|list3name = Origins<br />
|list3title = Origins<br />
|list3=<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European homeland|Homeland]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-Europeans]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European society|Society]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European mythology|Religion]]<br />
-------<br />
'''Mainstream'''<br /><br />
* [[Kurgan hypothesis]]<br />
* [[Indo-European migrations]]<br />
* [[Eurasian nomads]]<br />
----------------<br />
'''Alternative and fringe'''<br /><br />
* [[Anatolian hypothesis]]<br />
* [[Armenian hypothesis]]<br />
* [[Beech argument]]<br />
* [[Indigenous Aryanism]]<br />
* [[Proto-Indo-European homeland#Baltic homeland|Baltic homeland]]<br />
* [[Paleolithic continuity theory]]<br />
<br />
|list4name = Archaeology<br />
|list4title = Archaeology<br />
|list4 =<br />
'''[[Chalcolithic|Chalcolithic (Copper Age)]]'''<br /><br />
''Pontic Steppe''<br /><br />
* [[Domestication of the horse]]<br />
* [[Kurgan]]<br />
** [[Kurgan stelae]]<br />
* [[Kurgan culture]]<br />
* [[The Horse, the Wheel, and Language|Steppe cultures]]<br />
** {{small|[[Bug–Dniester culture|Bug–Dniester]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Sredny Stog culture|Sredny Stog]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Dnieper–Donets culture|Dnieper–Donets]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Samara culture|Samara]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Khvalynsk culture|Khvalynsk]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Yamnaya culture|Yamnaya]]}}<br />
*** {{small|[[Mikhailovka culture]]}}<br />
*** {{small|[[Novotitarovskaya culture]]}}<br />
''Caucasus''<br /><br />
* [[Maykop culture|Maykop]]<br />
''East Asia''<br /><br />
* [[Afanasievo culture|Afanasievo]]<br />
''Eastern Europe''<br /><br />
* {{small|[[Usatove culture|Usatove]]}}<br />
* [[Cernavodă culture|Cernavodă]]<br />
* [[Cucuteni–Trypillia culture|Cucuteni]]<br />
''Northern Europe''<br /><br />
* [[Corded Ware culture|Corded ware]]<br />
** {{small|[[Baden culture|Baden]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Middle Dnieper culture|Middle Dnieper]]}}<br />
----<br />
'''[[Bronze Age]]'''<br /><br />
''Pontic Steppe''<br /><br />
* [[Chariot]]<br />
* [[Yamnaya culture|Yamnaya]]<br />
* [[Catacomb culture|Catacomb]]<br />
* [[Multi-cordoned ware culture|Multi-cordoned ware]]<br />
* [[Poltavka culture|Poltavka]]<br />
* [[Srubnaya culture|Srubnaya]]<br />
''Northern/Eastern Steppe''<br /><br />
* [[Abashevo culture]]<br />
* [[Andronovo culture|Andronovo]]<br />
* [[Sintashta culture|Sintashta]]<br />
''Europe''<br /><br />
* [[Globular Amphora culture|Globular Amphora]]<br />
* [[Corded Ware culture|Corded ware]]<br />
* [[Bell Beaker culture|Bell Beaker]]<br />
* [[Únětice culture|Únětice]]<br />
* [[Trzciniec culture|Trzciniec]]<br />
* [[Nordic Bronze Age]]<br />
* [[Terramare culture|Terramare]]<br />
* [[Tumulus culture|Tumulus]]<br />
* [[Urnfield culture|Urnfield]]<br />
* [[Proto-Villanovan culture|Proto-Villanovan]]<br />
* [[Lusatian culture|Lusatian]]<br />
* [[Este culture|Este]]<br />
''South Asia''<br /><br />
* [[Bishkent culture|Bishkent]]<br />
* [[Vakhsh culture|Vakhsh]]<br />
* [[Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex|BMAC]]<br />
* [[Ochre Coloured Pottery culture|Ochre Coloured Pottery]]<br />
* [[Copper Hoard culture|Copper Hoard]]<br />
* [[Cemetery H culture|Cemetery H]]<br />
* [[Gandhara grave culture|Gandhara grave]]<br />
----<br />
'''[[Iron Age]]'''<br /><br />
''Steppe''<br /><br />
* [[Chernoles culture|Chernoles]]<br />
''Europe''<br /><br />
* [[Thraco-Cimmerian]]<br />
* [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]]<br />
* [[Latial culture|Latial]]<br />
* [[Jastorf culture|Jastorf]]<br />
''Caucasus''<br /><br />
* [[Colchian culture|Colchian]]<br />
''Central Asia''<br />
* [[Yaz culture|Yaz]]<br />
''India''<br />
* [[Painted Grey Ware culture|Painted Grey Ware]]<br />
* [[Northern Black Polished Ware]]<br />
<br />
|list7name = Peoples and societies<br />
|list7title = Peoples and societies<br />
|list7=<br />
'''[[Bronze Age]]'''<br />
* [[Anatolian peoples]] ({{small|[[Hittites]]}})<br /><br />
* [[Armenians]]<br />
* [[Mycenaean Greece|Mycenaean Greeks]]<br />
* [[Indo-Iranians]]<br />
'''[[Iron Age]]'''<br />
''Indo-Aryans''<br /><br />
* [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryans]]<br />
''Iranians''<br /><br />
* [[Iranian peoples|Iranians]]<br />
''Nuristanis''<br /><br />
* [[Nuristanis]]<br />
''East Asia''<br /><br />
* [[Wusun]]<br />
* [[Yuezhi]]<br />
''Europe''<br /><br />
* [[Celts]]<br />
** {{small|[[Gauls]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Celtiberians]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Insular Celts]]}}<br />
* [[Cimmerians]]<br />
* [[Greeks|Hellenic peoples]]<br />
* [[Italic peoples]]<br />
* [[Germanic peoples]]<br />
* [[Paleo-Balkan languages|Paleo-Balkan]]/[[Iron Age Anatolia|Anatolia]]<br />
** {{small|[[Thracians]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Dacians]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Illyrians]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Paeonians]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Phrygians]]}}<br />
* [[Scythians]]<br />
'''[[Middle Ages]]'''<br /><br />
''East Asia''<br /><br />
* [[Tocharians]]<br />
''Europe''<br /><br />
* [[Origin of the Albanians|Albanians]]<br />
* [[Balts]]<br />
* [[Early Slavs|Slavs]]<br />
* [[Norsemen]]/[[North Germanic peoples|Medieval Scandinavians]]<br />
* [[Middle Ages]]<br />
''Indo-Aryan''<br />
* [[Medieval India]]<br />
''Iranian''<br />
* [[Greater Iran]]<br />
<br />
|list8name = Religion and mythology<br />
|list8title = Religion and mythology<br />
|list8 =<br />
'''''Reconstructed'''''<br />
*[[Proto-Indo-European mythology]]<br />
*[[Proto-Indo-Iranian religion]]<br />
*[[Historical Vedic religion]]<br />
*[[Ancient Iranian religion]]<br />
----<br />
'''''Historical'''''<br />
* [[Hittite mythology and religion|Hittite]]<br />
''[[Indian religions|Indo-Aryan]]''<br /><br />
* [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic]]<br />
** {{small|[[Hinduism]]}}<br />
* {{small|[[Buddhism]]}}<br />
* {{small|[[Jainism]]}}<br />
* {{small|[[Sikhism]]}}<br />
''[[Iranian religions|Iranian]]''<br /><br />
* [[Persian mythology|Persian]]<br />
** {{small|[[Zoroastrianism]]}}<br />
* [[Kurdish mythology|Kurdish]]<br />
** {{small|[[Yazidis|Yazidism]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Yarsanism]]}}<br />
* [[Scythian religion|Scythian]]<br />
** {{small|[[Ossetian mythology|Ossetian]]}}<br />
<br />
''Others''<br /><br />
* [[Armenian mythology|Armenian]] <br />
''[[European paganism|European]]''<br /><br />
* [[Paleo-Balkan mythology|Paleo-Balkan]] ([[Albanian paganism|Albanian]] '''·''' [[Illyrian religion|Illyrian]] '''·''' [[Thracian religion|Thracian]] '''·''' [[Dacian religion|Dacian]])<br />
* [[Ancient Greek religion|Greek]]<br />
* [[Religion in ancient Rome|Roman]]<br />
* [[Ancient Celtic religion|Celtic]]<br />
** {{small|[[Irish mythology|Irish]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Scottish mythology|Scottish]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Breton mythology|Breton]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Welsh mythology|Welsh]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Cornish mythology|Cornish]]}}<br />
* [[Germanic paganism|Germanic]]<br />
** {{small|[[Anglo-Saxon paganism|Anglo-Saxon]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Continental Germanic mythology|Continental]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Old Norse religion|Norse]]}}<br />
* [[Baltic mythology|Baltic]]<br />
** {{small|[[Latvian mythology|Latvian]]}}<br />
** {{small|[[Lithuanian mythology|Lithuanian]]}}<br />
* [[Slavic paganism|Slavic]]<br />
'''''Practices'''''<br />
* [[Fire worship#Indo-European religions|Fire rituals]]<br />
* [[Horse sacrifice]]<br />
* [[Sati (practice)|Sati]]<br />
* [[Winter solstice]]/[[Yule]]<br />
<br />
|list9name = Academic research<br />
|list9title = [[Indo-European studies]]<br />
|list9 =<br />
'''''Scholars'''''<br />
* [[Marija Gimbutas]]<br />
* [[J. P. Mallory]]<br />
'''''Institutes'''''<br />
* [[Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European]]<br />
'''''Publications'''''<br />
* ''[[Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture]]''<br />
* ''[[The Horse, the Wheel, and Language]]''<br />
* ''[[Journal of Indo-European Studies]]''<br />
* ''[[Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch]]''<br />
* ''[[Indo-European Etymological Dictionary]]''<br />
<br />
| below = {{icon|category}} [[:Category:Indo-European peoples|Category]]<br />
<br />
}}</includeonly><noinclude><br />
{{Documentation}}<br />
</noinclude></div>
Bharatwiki Socrates