https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Taxation_in_medieval_IndiaTaxation in medieval India - Revision history2026-08-18T11:20:36ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taxation_in_medieval_India&diff=270423&oldid=prev->Kerostopher: /* Vijayanagara Empire */2021-11-25T09:01:54Z<p><span class="autocomment">Vijayanagara Empire</span></p>
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This page examines the forms of taxation levied in India during the Middle Ages.<br />
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==''Ghari''==<br />
''Ghari'' was a tax on houses. It was introduced by [[Alauddin Khalji|Allauddin Khilji]].<ref name=autogenerated1>Vijeta competition APPSC Group II Paper – I General Studies Book page no. 505</ref><br />
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==''Charah''==<br />
''Charah'' was a tax on grasslands used for grazing of animals. It was also introduced by Allauddin Khilji.<ref name=autogenerated1 /><br />
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==''Kharaz''==<br />
''Kharaz'' was a tax levied on the gross product of lands belonging to non-Muslims. It was introduced by [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq|Firoz Shah Tughlaq]].<br />
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==''Ushraf''==<br />
''Ushraf'' was a tax levied on the gross product of lands belonging to Muslims.<br />
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==''Zakat/Sadka''==<br />
{{main|Zakat}}<br />
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''Zakat'' was a religious tax levied on Muslims.<ref name=autogenerated1 /> It was kept in the special treasury of Diwan-i-Rasalat headed by kabir-i-Mulk.<ref>Vijeta competition APPSC Group II Paper – I General Studies Book page no. 509</ref><br />
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==''Jizya''==<br />
{{main|Jizya}}<br />
''Jizya'' was a tax levied on non-Muslims and non-followers of Islam.<br />
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==''Khums''==<br />
''Khums'' was a tax which was {{Fraction|1|5}} of the product (20%) if a person's earnings exceeded the expenditure needed for them and their family.<br />
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==''Sharab'' or ''Sharb''==<br />
''Sharab'' or ''Sharb'' was {{Fraction|1|10}} of crop production levied on farmers to develop and maintain water supply facilities. It was introduced by [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq|Firuz Tughlaq]].<ref>Vijeta competition APPSC Group II Paper – I General Studies Book page no. 507</ref><br />
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==Vijayanagara Empire==<br />
In the [[Vijayanagara Empire]], the government department responsible collecting the land revenue was called ''Athanave''. The Vijayanagara emperors collected the taxes based on the [[soil fertility]] of lands. Tax on production was {{Fraction|1|6}} of the gross product. It was paid either in the form of crops or money. Heavy taxes were levied on prostitution.<br />
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Turkic sultans followed the [[Hanafi|Hanafi School of Islamic jurisprudence]] as their monetary policy. The costs were very low in the time of [[Ibrahim Lodhi]]. In the Vijayanagar Empire the cost of goods was also low.<br />
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==''Zarib''==<br />
''Zarib'' was introduced by [[Murshid Quli Khan]] based on the unit ''[[bigha]].'' It was collected as one quarter of the crop production. It was paid in any form.<br />
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==''Chauth'' and ''Sardeshmukhi''==<br />
{{main|Chauth}}<br />
[[Shivaji]] collected these taxes outside of his territory. ''Chauth...' was {{Fraction|1|4}} of the government revenue paid by Mughal officers. In addition to this, the ''sardeshmuki'' was another ten percent tax.<br />
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== See also ==<br />
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* [[Taxation in India]]<br />
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==References==<br />
<references /><br />
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[[Category:History of taxation in India]]<br />
[[Category:Medieval India]]</div>->Kerostopher