Tarantul-class corvette - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 22:23, 24 August 2022
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	{{short description\|Class of Soviet missile corvettes}}		{{short description\|Class of Soviet missile corvettes}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=December ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2015}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=December ~~2022~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=December 2015}}
	{{more citations needed\|date=January ~~2022~~}}		{{more citations needed\|date=January 2013}}
	{\|{{Infobox ship begin		{\|{{Infobox ship begin
	\| sclass = 2		\| sclass = 2
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	===Project 1242.1/1241.8 'Molniya'===		===Project 1242.1/1241.8 'Molniya'===
	[[File:Second Edition of Indian Navy-Vietnam Peoples’ Navy Bilateral Exercise (1).jpg\|thumb\|A Molniya-class corvette of [[Vietnam People's Navy]]]]		[[File:Second Edition of Indian Navy-Vietnam Peoples’ Navy Bilateral Exercise (1).jpg\|thumb\|A Molniya-class corvette of [[Vietnam People's Navy]]]]
	Project 1242.1 and project 1241.8 ''Molniya'' ("Lightning") are further developments of the Tarantul family of ships. The two projects has been modified and rearmed with modern missile systems like the [[SS-N-25 Switchblade\|Uran-E]] and are more capable ships than the Tarantul types. The ships are built by the Russian Vympel Shipyard.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/1242.htm \|title=Molniya Class - Project 1242.1 / 1241.8 \|website=[[Federation of American Scientists]] \|access-date=2011-12-28 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018225615/http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/1242.htm \|archive-date=2012-10-18}}</ref> Russia received at least one boat for trials in the 1990s and in 1999 Vietnam ordered two vessels. Vietnam is currently the main user of the Molniya class, with two [[Russian Federation\|Russian]] made ships and six locally built ships. Vietnam started its own production line of 1241.8 Molniya ships with the assistance of Almaz Central Design Bureau in [[Russia]]. The first two locally built ships were delivered in July 2014, two more in June 2015, and the last two in October 2017.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://vpk-news.ru/news/27262 \|title=ВМС Вьетнама получили вторую пару ракетных корветов проекта 1241.8 \|trans-title=The Vietnamese Navy received the second pair of Project 1241.8 missile corvettes \|date=28 September 2015 \|website=vpk-news.ru \|language=ru}}</ref><ref name="bmpd">{{Cite web \|url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/2888368.html \|title=Во Вьетнаме построены еще два ракетных катера проекта 12418 \|trans-title=Two more Project 12418 missile boats were built in Vietnam \|date=10 October 2017 \|website=bmpd.livejournal.com \|language=ru}}</ref> The Vietnamese ships are armed with a [[AK-176]] 76 mm gun, 16 [[Kh-35\|Uran-E]] anti-ship missiles, four [[Igla-M]] air-defence missiles and two [[AK-630]] close-in-weapon systems. The Vietnamese ships are also larger at {{cvt\|56.9\|m\|ftin}} in length and a maximum displacement of 563 tons. They have a range of {{convert\|1700\|nmi}} with 44 crew members on board. The [[Indian Navy]] ordered four further modified 1241.8 Tarantuls, this order was later reduced to two. These last two ships of the ''Veer'' class are armed with 16 [[Kh-35\|SS-N-25 'Switchblade' / URAN E]] missiles, a [[OTO Melara 76 mm]] gun instead of the [[AK-176]], and MR 352 Positiv-E (NATO: Cross Dome) radar.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/174-Veer-Class.html \|title=Veer (Tarantul I) Class \|work=[[Bharat Rakshak]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Tarantul14.jpg \|title=K91 INS Pralaya \|work=Bharat Rakshak \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211225332/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Tarantul14.jpg \|archive-date=11 December ~~2022~~}}</ref> In 2009 Libya ordered three ships,<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090310/120495201.html \|title=Russia, Libya sign warship contract worth up to $200 mln \|date=10 March 2009 \|website=RIA Novosti \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312003313/http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090310/120495201.html \|archive-date=2009-03-12}}</ref> however, the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)\|civil war]] in 2011 put a stop to any acquisitions. Shortly afterwards Turkmenistan acquired three Type 1241.8 vessels, possibly those that had been ordered by Libya but not delivered.<ref name = "FI">{{cite web \|url=https://www.forecastinternational.com/archive/disp_pdf.cfm?DACH_RECNO=1257 \|title=Project 1241 (Tarantul) \|website=ForecastInternational.com \|date=December 2016 \|access-date=5 July 2018 \|url-access=registration}}</ref>		Project 1242.1 and project 1241.8 ''Molniya'' ("Lightning") are further developments of the Tarantul family of ships. The two projects has been modified and rearmed with modern missile systems like the [[SS-N-25 Switchblade\|Uran-E]] and are more capable ships than the Tarantul types. The ships are built by the Russian Vympel Shipyard.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/1242.htm \|title=Molniya Class - Project 1242.1 / 1241.8 \|website=[[Federation of American Scientists]] \|access-date=2011-12-28 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018225615/http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/1242.htm \|archive-date=2012-10-18}}</ref> Russia received at least one boat for trials in the 1990s and in 1999 Vietnam ordered two vessels. Vietnam is currently the main user of the Molniya class, with two [[Russian Federation\|Russian]] made ships and six locally built ships. Vietnam started its own production line of 1241.8 Molniya ships with the assistance of Almaz Central Design Bureau in [[Russia]]. The first two locally built ships were delivered in July 2014, two more in June 2015, and the last two in October 2017.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://vpk-news.ru/news/27262 \|title=ВМС Вьетнама получили вторую пару ракетных корветов проекта 1241.8 \|trans-title=The Vietnamese Navy received the second pair of Project 1241.8 missile corvettes \|date=28 September 2015 \|website=vpk-news.ru \|language=ru}}</ref><ref name="bmpd">{{Cite web \|url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/2888368.html \|title=Во Вьетнаме построены еще два ракетных катера проекта 12418 \|trans-title=Two more Project 12418 missile boats were built in Vietnam \|date=10 October 2017 \|website=bmpd.livejournal.com \|language=ru}}</ref> The Vietnamese ships are armed with a [[AK-176]] 76 mm gun, 16 [[Kh-35\|Uran-E]] anti-ship missiles, four [[Igla-M]] air-defence missiles and two [[AK-630]] close-in-weapon systems. The Vietnamese ships are also larger at {{cvt\|56.9\|m\|ftin}} in length and a maximum displacement of 563 tons. They have a range of {{convert\|1700\|nmi}} with 44 crew members on board. The [[Indian Navy]] ordered four further modified 1241.8 Tarantuls, this order was later reduced to two. These last two ships of the ''Veer'' class are armed with 16 [[Kh-35\|SS-N-25 'Switchblade' / URAN E]] missiles, a [[OTO Melara 76 mm]] gun instead of the [[AK-176]], and MR 352 Positiv-E (NATO: Cross Dome) radar.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/174-Veer-Class.html \|title=Veer (Tarantul I) Class \|work=[[Bharat Rakshak]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Tarantul14.jpg \|title=K91 INS Pralaya \|work=Bharat Rakshak \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211225332/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Tarantul14.jpg \|archive-date=11 December 2013}}</ref> In 2009 Libya ordered three ships,<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090310/120495201.html \|title=Russia, Libya sign warship contract worth up to $200 mln \|date=10 March 2009 \|website=RIA Novosti \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312003313/http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090310/120495201.html \|archive-date=2009-03-12}}</ref> however, the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)\|civil war]] in 2011 put a stop to any acquisitions. Shortly afterwards Turkmenistan acquired three Type 1241.8 vessels, possibly those that had been ordered by Libya but not delivered.<ref name = "FI">{{cite web \|url=https://www.forecastinternational.com/archive/disp_pdf.cfm?DACH_RECNO=1257 \|title=Project 1241 (Tarantul) \|website=ForecastInternational.com \|date=December 2016 \|access-date=5 July 2018 \|url-access=registration}}</ref>

	The Russian Navy received two upgraded ''Molniya''-class missile boats in early 2019; they were initially built for a foreign customer, but the contract was cancelled, so the Russian Navy acquired them. The boats replaced the Moskit with eight Kh-35U anti-ship missiles and MANPADS launcher with the [[Pantsir-S1#Pantsir-M/EM\|Pantsir-M]] gun/missile system. They also had a modern radar phased antenna array. One boat was expected to operate in the Black Sea and the other in the Caspian Sea.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2018/july-2018-navy-naval-defense-news/6346-russian-navy-to-get-two-upgraded-molniya-class-missile-boats.html \|title=Russian Navy to get Two Upgraded Molniya-class Missile Boats \|date=10 July 2018 \|website=Navy Recognition}}</ref>		The Russian Navy received two upgraded ''Molniya''-class missile boats in early 2019; they were initially built for a foreign customer, but the contract was cancelled, so the Russian Navy acquired them. The boats replaced the Moskit with eight Kh-35U anti-ship missiles and MANPADS launcher with the [[Pantsir-S1#Pantsir-M/EM\|Pantsir-M]] gun/missile system. They also had a modern radar phased antenna array. One boat was expected to operate in the Black Sea and the other in the Caspian Sea.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2018/july-2018-navy-naval-defense-news/6346-russian-navy-to-get-two-upgraded-molniya-class-missile-boats.html \|title=Russian Navy to get Two Upgraded Molniya-class Missile Boats \|date=10 July 2018 \|website=Navy Recognition}}</ref>
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	{{navy\|Egypt}}		{{navy\|Egypt}}
	*One ship in service. In 2014, Egypt showed interest in the acquisition of the P-32 (Project 12421 Molniya) missile boat but the contract was signed in 2015. In July 2015, the missile boat headed to the Mediterranean Sea and arrived at the port of Alexandria at the end of the month. The P-32 was handed over to the Egyptian Navy on 10 August after participating in the inauguration of the [[New Suez Canal]].<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://balabin-1712.livejournal.com/3395.html \|website=Balabin-1712.livejournal.com \|title=Гвардейский Ракетный Катер "Р-32" Передан Египту \|trans-title=Guards Missile Boat "R-32" transferred to Egypt \|date=13 August 2015 \|language=ru \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150813194412/http://balabin-1712.livejournal.com/3395.html \|archive-date=13 August ~~2022~~}}</ref>		*One ship in service. In 2014, Egypt showed interest in the acquisition of the P-32 (Project 12421 Molniya) missile boat but the contract was signed in 2015. In July 2015, the missile boat headed to the Mediterranean Sea and arrived at the port of Alexandria at the end of the month. The P-32 was handed over to the Egyptian Navy on 10 August after participating in the inauguration of the [[New Suez Canal]].<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://balabin-1712.livejournal.com/3395.html \|website=Balabin-1712.livejournal.com \|title=Гвардейский Ракетный Катер "Р-32" Передан Египту \|trans-title=Guards Missile Boat "R-32" transferred to Egypt \|date=13 August 2015 \|language=ru \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150813194412/http://balabin-1712.livejournal.com/3395.html \|archive-date=13 August 2015}}</ref>

	{{navy\|India}}		{{navy\|India}}
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	{{navy\|United States}}		{{navy\|United States}}
	*{{ship\|German corvette\|Hiddensee\|\|2}} was briefly in service with U.S. Navy, after it was transferred from the [[German Navy]].<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://hnsa.org/ships/hiddensee.htm \|title=Hiddensee \|website=Historic Naval Ships Association \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124115305/http://hnsa.org/ships/hiddensee.htm \|archive-date=24 November ~~2022~~}}</ref> The ship has been retired and has since become a museum ship in [[Battleship Cove]] in [[Fall River, Massachusetts]].		*{{ship\|German corvette\|Hiddensee\|\|2}} was briefly in service with U.S. Navy, after it was transferred from the [[German Navy]].<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://hnsa.org/ships/hiddensee.htm \|title=Hiddensee \|website=Historic Naval Ships Association \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124115305/http://hnsa.org/ships/hiddensee.htm \|archive-date=24 November 2010}}</ref> The ship has been retired and has since become a museum ship in [[Battleship Cove]] in [[Fall River, Massachusetts]].

	{{navy\|Ukraine}}		{{navy\|Ukraine}}

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{{short description|Class of Soviet missile corvettes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2022}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin
| sclass = 2
}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = ORP Metalowiec in Gdynia.JPG
| Ship caption = ORP ''Metalowiec'', a Polish Navy Tarantul-I missile corvette in [[Gdynia]]
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Name = Tarantul class
| Builders = [[Vympel Shipyard]]
| Operators = *{{navy|Soviet Union}}
*{{navy|Russia}}
*{{navy|Bulgaria}}
*{{navy|East Germany}}
*{{navy|Germany}}
*{{navy|India}}
*{{navy|Myanmar}}
*{{navy|Poland}}
*{{navy|Romania}}
*{{navy|Ukraine}}
*{{navy|Vietnam}}
*{{navy|Yemen}}
*{{navy|Egypt}}
*{{navy|United States}}
*{{navy|Turkmenistan}}
| Class before =
| Class after =
| Subclasses = *{{sclass2|Pauk|corvette|1}}
*{{sclass|Veer|corvette|1}}
| Cost =
| Built range =
| In service range =
| In commission range =
| Total ships building =
| Total ships planned =
| Total ships completed = ~80 (including {{sclass2|Pauk|corvette|4}})
| Total ships cancelled =
| Total ships active =
| Total ships laid up =
| Total ships lost =
| Total ships retired =
| Total ships preserved = 3
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption =
| Ship type = Missile [[corvette]]
| Ship displacement = {{convert|480|LT|t|0}} standard, {{convert|540|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} full load
| Ship length = {{convert|56.0|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|10.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship draught = {{convert|2.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship draft =
| Ship propulsion = 2 shaft [[COGAG]] turbines at {{cvt|11000|hp|lk=in}} each, plus 2 cruising engines at {{cvt|4000|hp}} each (there were diesel and turbine versions of the cruising engines),
| Ship speed = {{convert|42|kn|lk=in}}
| Ship range = {{cvt|2400|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|12|kn}}, operational autonomy for 10 days
| Ship complement = 50
| Ship sensors = * Radar: Spin trough, Bass Tilt, Peel pair, Pop group
| Ship armament = * 4 × [[P-15 Termit]]/SS-N-2 Styx or 4 × [[P-270 Moskit]]/SS-N-22 Sunburn or 16 × [[Kh-35]] Uran/SS-N-25 Switchblade anti-ship missiles.
* 1 [[SA-N-5]] SAM (1x4) [[MANPAD]] air defence missiles
* 1 × 76 mm [[AK-176]] dual purpose main gun
* 2 × [[AK-630]] 30 mm gun or 1 × [[CADS-N-1 Kashtan]] CIWS ([[Close-in weapon system]]) for air defence
| Ship armour =
| Ship armor =
| Ship aircraft =
| Ship notes =
}}
|}

The Soviet designation '''Project 1241 ''Molniya''''' ({{lang-ru|Молния||Lightning}}) are a class of [[Russia]]n missile [[corvette]]s (large missile cutters in Soviet classification). They have the [[NATO reporting name]] '''Tarantul''' (not to be confused with the {{sclass2|Stenka|patrol boat|3}}, whose official Soviet name is also Project 205P ''Tarantul''). These ships were designed to replace the Project 205M ''Tsunami'' missile cutter (NATO: {{sclass2|Osa|missile boat|3}}).

==Development==

In the late 1970s, the Soviets realised the need for a larger, more seaworthy craft with better gun armament and higher positioned air search [[radar]]s. The need for these improvements was underscored by the [[First Gulf War]], when 12 Iraqi [[Osa-class missile boat|Osa-I-class missile boats]] were destroyed or damaged by short ranged [[Sea Skua]] [[anti-ship missile]]s. They were attacked by British [[Westland Lynx|Lynx]] helicopters, but the Osa crews did not notice them because they flew below their radar horizon. In the Tarantul class, both the single {{cvt|76|mm}} main gun and the two {{cvt|30|mm}} [[Gatling gun|Gatling]]-type guns are used for air defence, together with a comprehensive electronic warfare suite. The boats are built by the Petrovsky yard ([[St. Petersburg]]), Rybinsk and Ulis yard ([[Vladivostok]]). A version of these ships for coastal [[anti-submarine warfare]] and patrol was developed as the {{sclass2|Pauk|corvette|1}} or Project 1241.2. The [[Indian Navy]] paid approximately $30 million each to license-produce Tarantul-I in the early 1990s. With over 30 sales on the export market the Tarantul has been a relative success for the Russian shipbuilding industry.

==Versions==

===Project 1241.1 (NATO: Tarantul-II)===

The naming convention for [[NATO reporting name]] Tarantul was a special case here. [[NATO]] called the first version of the class as Tarantul-II, given that they had a better sensor suite/equipment than the ships of the following class Tarantul-I, which was produced exclusively for export.

First version, based on the Pauk-class hull, though with a significantly increased weight. Equipped with four [[SS-N-2]] 'Styx' anti-ship missiles (either the {{cvt|40|km|disp=comma}} range P-15 'Termit' missile or the later P-20 variant with {{cvt|80|km|disp=comma}} range) and the associated 'Plank Shave' radar targeting system ({{cvt|45|km|disp=comma}} range in active mode of surveillance, {{cvt|75|–|100|km|disp=comma}} range in passive mode, with an added air surveillance capability). One [[AK–176]] 76.2 mm main gun and two [[AK-630]] 30 mm six-barreled Gatling guns, the latter [[CIWS]] system supported by the 'Bass Tilt' targeting radar. Furthermore, there is a Fasta-N [[SA-N-5]] quadruple [[MANPAD]] launcher and two PK-16 decoy launchers.

Propulsion is a [[COGOG]] system (COmbined Gas Or Gas) consisting of two M70 at {{cvt|12000|hp|lk=in}} high power [[gas turbine]]s with a combined {{cvt|24200|hp}} output for full power and two cruise gas turbines type M75 with a combined output of {{cvt|5000|hp}}. Top speed is {{convert|38|kn|lk=in}}.

Between 1979 and 1984, 13 ships of the type were built. Another ship, R-55, was rebuilt after its completion as a [[Test ship|test vessel]] for the 'Kortik' short-range defense system for Project 1241.7.

===Project 1241.RE (NATO: Tarantul-I)===

To clarify, by NATO's definition, Project 1241.RE (NATO: Tarantul-I) was an export version of Project 1241.1 (NATO: Tarantul-II).

This class of ships could be distinguished by the lack of [[Fire control system|fire control]] radar on the roof of the [[Bridge (nautical)|bridge]]. Instead, the fire control radar, X-band "Garpun-Bal" (NATO: "Plank Shave"), built for the anti-ship missiles, was installed on the top of the mast. Other equipment included a small navigation radar type "Kivach-2" on the bridge roof (or MR-312 "Pechera-1" on the ships of Poland), and the gun-fire control radar MR-123 Vympel (NATO: "Bass Tilt") at the foot of the mast. Two PK-16 decoy launchers were also installed. The model of the missiles in the KT-138 launch containers were P-20 (NATO: SS-N-2B), basically they were P-15 updated with the new guidance system but with the original 40 km range.

Between 1977 and 1979, 22 ships of this class were produced exclusively for export. Only one of these ships, R-26, was retained by the Soviet Navy for training purposes. India bought five of these ships as {{sclass|Veer|corvette|1}}s, and would later produce eight ships of the same class domestically. Vietnam also bought four Project 1241.RE ships from various sources over the years.

===Project 12411 (1241.1M/1241.1MR) (NATO: Tarantul-III/Tarantul-III Mod)===
[[File:Missile boat Dimitrovgrad during the naval parade. July 31, 2022.png|thumb|Missile boat «Dimitrovgrad» during the naval parade. July 31, 2022]]
Retaining the main armament and basic hull form of the 1241.RE (NATO: Tarantul-I) class, 1241.1M (NATO: Tarantul-III) received important upgrades. Apart from a modest but useful internal redesign, the Tarantul-III had a new type of propulsion—a CODAG (COmbined Diesel And Gas) system. Two M-70 gas turbines (rated at 12,000 hp each) and two M510 (rated at 4,000 hp each) diesel engines were used, being a big improvement over the earlier COGOG system both in terms of serviceability (the two cruise diesels being almost something of a Soviet 'classic'), fuel efficiency and, most importantly, service life expectancy compared to the older NK-12Ms. The maximum speed reached {{convert|42|kn}}.

The superstructures were redesigned and the angled mast of the previous projects has been replaced by a narrow, straight lattice. The sensor position remained almost the same as the Project 1241.1. The "Pechera" navigation radar was off the roof of the bridge, with the MR-123 "Vympel" fire control radar installed. Two jamming system (NATO: "Wine Glass") were installed on both sides at the foot of the mast. The reason for this was the installation of four [[SS-N-22]] 'Sunburn' supersonic ship-to-ship missiles with a range of at least 100 km. The associated radar system is the L-band 'Band Stand' radar, with a 120 km active and {{cvt|500|km}} passive range and the capability to track 15 different targets. The missiles can also receive third party guidance through the 'Light Bulb' uplink (from other ships, helicopters or long range patrol aircraft). Cannon armament is retained, as were the PK-16 launchers, although Soviet Navy ships benefited from the improved SA-N-8 quadruple MANPAD launcher. At least one ship had an SA-N-11 Kashtan gun and missile CIWS installed instead of the AK-630s.

The Tarantul-III, built from 1987 on, received an improved ECM ([[Electronic countermeasures]]) suite, consisting of two 'Half Hat' and two 'Foot Ball' jamming systems, coupled to four improved PK-10 decoy launchers. At least 24 of these ships were built for the Soviet Navy before production ended in 1992.

Between 1985 and 2001, 34 ships of this class were built. After the construction of first batch of 11 ships, the anti-ship missiles were changed from the P-80 "Moskit" to the more modern model P-270 "Moskit-M", therefore the following 23 boats had a new ID: '''Project 1241.1MR'''.

The guided missile corvette ''R-60'' was further modernized in 2005, having the two AK-630M CIWS removed, and replaced with [[Kashtan CIWS|"Palash" CIWS]].

===Project 1242.1/1241.8 'Molniya'===
[[File:Second Edition of Indian Navy-Vietnam Peoples’ Navy Bilateral Exercise (1).jpg|thumb|A Molniya-class corvette of [[Vietnam People's Navy]]]]
Project 1242.1 and project 1241.8 ''Molniya'' ("Lightning") are further developments of the Tarantul family of ships. The two projects has been modified and rearmed with modern missile systems like the [[SS-N-25 Switchblade|Uran-E]] and are more capable ships than the Tarantul types. The ships are built by the Russian Vympel Shipyard.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/1242.htm |title=Molniya Class - Project 1242.1 / 1241.8 |website=[[Federation of American Scientists]] |access-date=2011-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018225615/http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/1242.htm |archive-date=2012-10-18}}</ref> Russia received at least one boat for trials in the 1990s and in 1999 Vietnam ordered two vessels. Vietnam is currently the main user of the Molniya class, with two [[Russian Federation|Russian]] made ships and six locally built ships. Vietnam started its own production line of 1241.8 Molniya ships with the assistance of Almaz Central Design Bureau in [[Russia]]. The first two locally built ships were delivered in July 2014, two more in June 2015, and the last two in October 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://vpk-news.ru/news/27262 |title=ВМС Вьетнама получили вторую пару ракетных корветов проекта 1241.8 |trans-title=The Vietnamese Navy received the second pair of Project 1241.8 missile corvettes |date=28 September 2015 |website=vpk-news.ru |language=ru}}</ref><ref name="bmpd">{{Cite web |url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/2888368.html |title=Во Вьетнаме построены еще два ракетных катера проекта 12418 |trans-title=Two more Project 12418 missile boats were built in Vietnam |date=10 October 2017 |website=bmpd.livejournal.com |language=ru}}</ref> The Vietnamese ships are armed with a [[AK-176]] 76 mm gun, 16 [[Kh-35|Uran-E]] anti-ship missiles, four [[Igla-M]] air-defence missiles and two [[AK-630]] close-in-weapon systems. The Vietnamese ships are also larger at {{cvt|56.9|m|ftin}} in length and a maximum displacement of 563 tons. They have a range of {{convert|1700|nmi}} with 44 crew members on board. The [[Indian Navy]] ordered four further modified 1241.8 Tarantuls, this order was later reduced to two. These last two ships of the ''Veer'' class are armed with 16 [[Kh-35|SS-N-25 'Switchblade' / URAN E]] missiles, a [[OTO Melara 76 mm]] gun instead of the [[AK-176]], and MR 352 Positiv-E (NATO: Cross Dome) radar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/174-Veer-Class.html |title=Veer (Tarantul I) Class |work=[[Bharat Rakshak]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Tarantul14.jpg |title=K91 INS Pralaya |work=Bharat Rakshak |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211225332/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Tarantul14.jpg |archive-date=11 December 2022}}</ref> In 2009 Libya ordered three ships,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090310/120495201.html |title=Russia, Libya sign warship contract worth up to $200 mln |date=10 March 2009 |website=RIA Novosti |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312003313/http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090310/120495201.html |archive-date=2009-03-12}}</ref> however, the [[Libyan Civil War (2011)|civil war]] in 2011 put a stop to any acquisitions. Shortly afterwards Turkmenistan acquired three Type 1241.8 vessels, possibly those that had been ordered by Libya but not delivered.<ref name = "FI">{{cite web |url=https://www.forecastinternational.com/archive/disp_pdf.cfm?DACH_RECNO=1257 |title=Project 1241 (Tarantul) |website=ForecastInternational.com |date=December 2016 |access-date=5 July 2018 |url-access=registration}}</ref>

The Russian Navy received two upgraded ''Molniya''-class missile boats in early 2019; they were initially built for a foreign customer, but the contract was cancelled, so the Russian Navy acquired them. The boats replaced the Moskit with eight Kh-35U anti-ship missiles and MANPADS launcher with the [[Pantsir-S1#Pantsir-M/EM|Pantsir-M]] gun/missile system. They also had a modern radar phased antenna array. One boat was expected to operate in the Black Sea and the other in the Caspian Sea.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2018/july-2018-navy-naval-defense-news/6346-russian-navy-to-get-two-upgraded-molniya-class-missile-boats.html |title=Russian Navy to get Two Upgraded Molniya-class Missile Boats |date=10 July 2018 |website=Navy Recognition}}</ref>

==Current operators==
[[File:ORP Rolnik.jpg|thumb|{{ORP|Rolnik}}, a [[Polish Navy]] missile Tarantul-class corvette]]
[[File:Morshansk.jpg|thumb|''Morshansk'']]
[[File:Lastunul.jpg|thumb|''Lăstunul'']]

{{navy|Bulgaria}}
*One ship in service - 101 ''Мълния'' ("Lightning").

{{navy|Egypt}}
*One ship in service. In 2014, Egypt showed interest in the acquisition of the P-32 (Project 12421 Molniya) missile boat but the contract was signed in 2015. In July 2015, the missile boat headed to the Mediterranean Sea and arrived at the port of Alexandria at the end of the month. The P-32 was handed over to the Egyptian Navy on 10 August after participating in the inauguration of the [[New Suez Canal]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://balabin-1712.livejournal.com/3395.html |website=Balabin-1712.livejournal.com |title=Гвардейский Ракетный Катер "Р-32" Передан Египту |trans-title=Guards Missile Boat "R-32" transferred to Egypt |date=13 August 2015 |language=ru |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150813194412/http://balabin-1712.livejournal.com/3395.html |archive-date=13 August 2022}}</ref>

{{navy|India}}
*Seven license-built Indian variants, designated as {{sclass|Veer|corvette}}s, are currently in active service. The last Soviet-built vessel in service, ''Nishank'', was decommissioned on 3 June 2022.<ref>{{cite web|title=INS Nishank and INS Akshay Decommissioned|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1831080|website=Press Information Bureau of India|date=3 June 2022|access-date=5 June 2022}}</ref>

{{navy|Romania}}
*Three ships, all in service, homeport [[Mangalia]].
**''Zborul'', commissioned 1990
**''Pescăruşul'', commissioned 1991
**''Lăstunul'', commissioned 1991

{{navy|Russia}}
*{{As of|2022}} - c. 21 ships of project 1241.1/1241.7 and project 12411/1242.1 are in service with the Russian Navy (10 Pacific, 6 Baltic, 4 Black Sea, 1 Caspian).

{{flagicon image|Ensign of Vietnam People's Navy.svg}} [[Vietnam People's Navy]]
*12 ships in service:<ref name="bmpd" />
**Four project 1241.RE Tarantul-I missile boats:
***Hull numbers: 371,372, 373 and 374.
**Eight project 1241.8 Molniya missile boats/[[fast attack craft]]s:
***Hull numbers: 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 382 and 383. Six of them were locally built in [[Ba Son Shipyard]] under license.

{{navy|Turkmenistan}}
*Three ships acquired circa 2011, possibly the three originally ordered by Libya but not delivered.<ref name = "FI"/>
**830 ''Ederman''
**831 ''Arkadag''
**832 ''Gayratli''

{{navy|Nicaragua}}
*Two or possibly three ships ordered in 2013. Reports that two or possibly three ships would be donated by Russia in 2016. They may be the former Russian Navy vessels ''Kuznetsk'', ''Groza'' and ''Burya'', or vessels captured from Ukraine in 2014.<ref name = "FI"/>

{{navy|Yemen}}
*Two ships in service.

==Former operators==
{{navy|Myanmar}}
*Myanmar operated two ''Tarantul''-class corvettes at its main surface command, leased from [[Russia]], between 1988 and 2010. The ships were scrapped in 2011.

{{navy|Poland}}
*Four ships built.
**{{ORP|Górnik}} (434), decommissioned
**{{ORP|Hutnik}} (435), decommissioned
**{{ORP|Metalowiec}} (436), decommissioned
**{{ORP|Rolnik}} (437), decommissioned

{{navy|Soviet Union}}
*48 ships built.

{{navy|United States}}
*{{ship|German corvette|Hiddensee||2}} was briefly in service with U.S. Navy, after it was transferred from the [[German Navy]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hnsa.org/ships/hiddensee.htm |title=Hiddensee |website=Historic Naval Ships Association |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124115305/http://hnsa.org/ships/hiddensee.htm |archive-date=24 November 2022}}</ref> The ship has been retired and has since become a museum ship in [[Battleship Cove]] in [[Fall River, Massachusetts]].

{{navy|Ukraine}}
*Four type 1241 ships, all captured by Russia in March 2014 during the [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexation of Crimea]]<ref name = "FI"/>
**''Prydniprovia'' (believed hulked as floating barracks)<ref name = "FI"/>
**''Kremenchuk'' (believed to be in [[Russian Border Guard]] service as ''Kuban'')<ref name = "FI"/>
**''Uzhgorod'' (believed to be in [[Russian Border Guard]] service as ''Novorossisk'')<ref name = "FI"/>
**''Khmelnitsky'' (believed hulked as floating barracks)<ref name = "FI"/>

{{navy|East Germany}}
*Five ships built - all retired, including {{ship|German corvette|Hiddensee||2}}, which is currently a museum ship in Fall River, U.S.A.

==See also==
* [[List of ships of the Soviet Navy]]
* [[List of ships of Russia by project number]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* ''Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1947–1995''

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Tarantul class missile boats}}
* [https://archive.today/20131111005213/http://warfare.be/db/linkid/1720/catid/243/type/corvettes/ State of the Russian Navy: Corvettes]
* [http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/1241.htm Project 1241 Tarantul class Guided Missile Corvette]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071118105013/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Veer.html Bharat Rakshak Indian Navy Veer class]
* [http://russianships.info/eng/warfareboats/project_12411.htm All Tarantul Class Corvettes - Complete Ship List]
* [http://flot.sevastopol.info/eng/ship/warfarecorvettes/r109.htm Guided Missile Corvette "R-109" from Russian Black Sea Fleet (with photos)]
* [http://flot.sevastopol.info/eng/ship/warfarecorvettes/r239.htm Guided Missile Corvette "R-239" from Russian Black Sea Fleet (with photos)]
* [http://flot.sevastopol.info/eng/ship/warfarecorvettes/ivanovetc.htm Guided Missile Corvette "Ivanovetc" from Russian Black Sea Fleet (with photos)]

{{Soviet and Russian ships after 1945}}

[[Category:Tarantul-class corvettes| ]]
[[Category:Corvette classes]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Bulgarian Navy]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Indian Navy]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Polish Navy]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Romanian Naval Forces]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Russian Navy]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Soviet Navy]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Vietnam People's Navy]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Volksmarine]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Yemen Navy]]
[[Category:Corvettes of the Egyptian Navy]]