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	==~~Source~~==		==Sources==
	* {{cite book\| title=New Poetry in Hindi: Nayi Kavita, An Anthology		* {{cite book\| title=New Poetry in Hindi: Nayi Kavita, An Anthology
	\| last=Rosenstein		\| last=Rosenstein

imported>Jiggyziz: Changing short description from "1943 anthology of Hindi language poems compiled by Agyeya" to "1943 anthology of Hindi language poems compiled by Agyeya" (Shortdesc helper)

2021-06-14T12:26:39Z

Changing short description from "1943 anthology of Hindi language poems compiled by Agyeya" to "1943 anthology of Hindi language poems compiled by Agyeya" (Shortdesc helper)

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{{italics title}}
{{Short description|1943 anthology of Hindi language poems compiled by Agyeya}}
'''''Tar Saptak''''' or '''''Taar Saptak''''' ({{IPA-hi|tar səp.tək|pron|}}; {{trans|High Septet}}) is an anthology of [[Hindi]] language poems written by seven poets, published in 1943. Compiled by [[Sachchidananda Vatsyayan]] (under his penname 'Agyeya'), it contain poems of [[Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh]], [[Nemi Chandra Jain]], Bharat Bhushan Agrawal, Prabhakar Machwe, [[Girija Kumar Mathur]], [[Ram Vilas Sharma]], and Agyeya himself. The publication of ''Tar Saptak'' has been seen as 'historically significant' event, as it influenced later development of modern Hindi poetry.<ref name="Lal1992">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Mishra|first=S. D.|editor-last=Lal|editor-first=Mohan|title=Tar Saptak|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4299|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|page=4299}}</ref>

==Content==
Indian music, both vocal and instrumental normally has three registers (''[[saptak]]'').<ref>{{cite book|title=Learning the Sitar|last1=Courtney|first1=David|last2=Koumounduri|first2=Srinivas|year=2016|publisher =Mel Bay Publications|isbn=978-1-610-65256-8|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=kzDviilslLsC&pg=PA11|page=11}}</ref> The term ''Tar Saptak'' refers to the highest range of the three, and specifically means the 'upper or high [[octave]]' or 'high octave'.{{sfn|Rosenstein|2004|p=18}} The volume with this title marked the advent of 'experimentalism' (''prayogvad'') in Hindi poetry.{{sfn|Bali|2005|p=1247}}

The poets of ''Tar Saptak'' in many ways were different from each other, yet they shared a common impulse to explore new possibilities in the form and content of poetry. As Agyeya wrote, 'The poet of ''Tar Saptak'' consider poetry a subject of experiment. They do not claim to have explored the truth of poetry or to have reached the ultimate destination - they are only explorers of new ways.<ref name="Lal1992"/>

Agyeya was fascinated by the [[Subconscious|sub-conscious mind]] and the way it revealed itself through symbols that often proved to be wholly new. He felt that in order to express the 'emotional experience' one had to be experimental. Girija Kumar Mathur experimented with words and their sounds, particularly vowels. His description of images is reminiscent of [[Arthur Rimbaud|Rimbaud]]'s [[Voyelles|idea of different vowels having different colours]]. Mathur emphasized language, colour and imagery in the communication of [[Rasa (aesthetics)|rasa]]. Muktibodh sought to delve into the individual mind and creates new patterns of verse in novel rhyme schemes. Bharat Bhushan Agrawal and Ram Vilas Sharma approached their themes under the influence of [[Marxism|Marxist ideology]]. Prabhakar Machwe and Nemi Chandra Jain were both clearly indented to [[Psychoanalysis|Freudian theory]].<ref name="Lal1992"/>

==Reception==
The publication of ''Tar Saptak'' gave rise to the ''Prayogvad'' ([[Experimental literature|Experimentalism]]) in Hindi poetry,<ref name="Dave1979">{{cite journal|last=Dave|first=Radhekant|title=Recent Trends in Hindi Poetry|journal=[[Indian Literature (journal)|Indian Literature]]|date=May–June 1979|volume=22|issue=3|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|page=63|jstor=23329987}} {{closed access}}</ref> and later grow into another movement known as ''Nayī Kavitā'' (New Poetry).{{sfn|Rosenstein|2004|p=9}}<ref name="Satyendra2000">{{cite book|last=Satyendra|first=Kush|title=Dictionary of Hindu Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UcAwrV60cpAC&pg=PA132|year=2000|publisher=Sarup & Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-7625-159-4|pages=132–133}}</ref>

''Tar Saptak'' was followed up with a sequel of two anthologies: ''Dusara Saptak'' (Second Septet; 1951) and ''Tisara Saptak'' (Third Septet; 1959).<ref name="Tripathi2011">{{cite journal|last=Tripathi|first=Brajendra|title=The Social Context of "Nayi Kavita"|journal=[[Indian Literature (journal)|Indian Literature]]|date=November–December 2011|volume=55|issue=6|pages=257–264|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|jstor=23348760}} {{closed access}}</ref> In 1979, Agyeya published ''Chautha Saptak'' (Fourth Septet), but unlike its predecessors, it left no mark on the development of Hindi poetry, according to Lucy Rosenstein.{{sfn|Rosenstein|2004|p=18}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Source==
* {{cite book| title=New Poetry in Hindi: Nayi Kavita, An Anthology
| last=Rosenstein
| first=Lucy
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HRVe1wvQuQkC&pg=PA8
| year=2004
| publisher=Anthem Press
| isbn=978-1-843-31125-6
}}
*{{Cite book| chapter = Experimental Literature
| last= Bali| first =T. N.
| title = Encyclopedia of Indian Literature
| editor-last =Datta
| editor-first =Amaresh
| publisher = Sahitya Akademi
| volume = 2
| pages = 1247–1248
| year = 2005
| orig-year =1988
| chapter-url =https://books.google.com/books?id=zB4n3MVozbUC&pg=PA1247
| isbn = 978-8-126-01194-0
}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|author1=S. C. Narula|author2=Sachchidanand Hiranand Vatsyayan|title=Selections from the Saptaks|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xeNjAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Rupa & Co.|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-291-0453-3}}
* {{cite book|editor-last=Dalmia|editor-first=Vasudha|title=Hindi Modernism: Rethinking Agyeya and His Times|year=2012|publisher=Center for South Asia Studies, University of California|location=Berkeley|isbn=978-0-944613-26-9|last=Czekalska|first= Renata|chapter="Tar Saptak" Poetry & the Polish Avant-Garde : Observations on the Universality of Artistic Thought|chapter-url=
https://www.academia.edu/1486760/_Tar_Saptak_Poetry_and_the_Polish_Avant-Garde_Observations_on_the_Universality_of_Artistic_Thought_in_Hindi_Modernism._Rethinking_Agyeya_and_His_Times_Ed._by_Vasudha_Dalmia_Berkeley_2012_pp._160-192}}
* {{cite book|last=Prasad|first=Rājendra|script-title=hi:'तार सप्तक' के कवियों की समाज-चेतना|title=Tāra Saptaka Ke Kaviyoṃ Kī Samāja-cetanā|trans-title=Social Consciousness of the Poets of Tar Saptak|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gVSHlqRbEUQC|year=2006|orig-year=1987|edition=3rd|publisher=Vani Prakashan|location=New Delhi|oclc=38305191|language=hi}}
* {{cite book|last=Mishra|first=Akhilesh Kumar|script-title=hi:तार सप्तक कवियों के काव्य सिद्धान्त और उनकी कविता|trans-title=Poetics of Tar Saptak Poets and Their Poetry|year=2001|type=PhD thesis|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.480799|publisher=[[Allahabad University]]|location=Allahabad|language=hi}}

==External links==
* {{Internet Archive|id=in.ernet.dli.2015.514995}}
* {{Google Books|id=9eW3KcITo8oC}}

[[Category:Works by Agyeya]]
[[Category:1943 poetry books]]
[[Category:Hindi poetry collections]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian books]]
[[Category:Indian poetry anthologies]]

Tar Saptak - Revision history

CleanupBot: /* Sources */clean up

imported>Jiggyziz: Changing short description from "1943 anthology of Hindi language poems compiled by Agyeya" to "1943 anthology of Hindi language poems compiled by Agyeya" (Shortdesc helper)