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{{Short description|Ethnic group of Asia}}
{{Contains special characters|Meitei}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Tangkhul people
|image = "Tangkhul" written in Meitei script.jpg
|image_caption = ''Tangkhul'' written in [[Meitei script]]
|population = 142,000 (2001 census)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tangkhul |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/nmf/ |website=[[Ethnologue]]}}</ref>
|region1 = [[Ukhrul District]], [[Manipur]], India
|region2 = {{flag|Burma}}
|languages = [[Tangkhul language]], other [[Tangkhulic languages]], [[Meitei language]] and other [[Naga languages]]
|religions = [[Christianity]], [[Animism]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/ntx|title=Naga, Tangkhul}}</ref>
|related = [[Meitei people]], [[Naga people|Naga]]s, [[Chin people|Chin]].
|footnotes =
}}
The '''Tangkhul people''', also known as the '''Tangkhul Naga''', are a [[Tibeto-Burmese]] [[ethnic group]] living in the Indo–Mayanmar border area, occupying the [[Ukhrul district]] and [[Kamjong district]] in the [[Northeast India|Northeast Indian]] state of [[Manipur]], and in parts of neighboring [[Myanmar]]. Despite this international border, many Tangkhul have continued to regard themselves as "one nation".<ref>Khamrang, Khayaipam (2000) "The Tangkhul Naga Tribe between Tradition and Modernity" pp. 37–71, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6cHQHThtD20C&pg=PA49 page 49], ''In'' Frei, Fritz (editor) (2000) ''Inkulturation zwischen Tradition und Modernität: Kontext, Begriffe, Modelle'' Freiberg University Press, Freiberg, Switzerland, {{ISBN|3-7278-1292-3}}</ref> The name "Tangkhul" is originated from the [[Meitei language]] words, "Tang" ({{lang-mni|{{script|mtei|ꯇꯥꯡ}}|/tāng/}}) meaning "scarce" and "Khul" ({{lang-mni|{{script|mtei|ꯈꯨꯜ}}|/khūl/}}) meaning "village" respectively.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sanyu |first=Visier |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1D1uAAAAMAAJ&q=meitei+language+influence+on+tangkhul |title=A History of Nagas and Nagaland: Dynamics of Oral Tradition in Village Formation |date=1996 |publisher=Commonwealth Publishers |others=[[University of Michigan]] |isbn=978-81-7169-369-6 |pages=25 |language=en |quote=... a sparse nature of settlement that the Tangkhul tribe got its name. In Meitei language-literally, Tang means scarce and khul means village.}}</ref> According to another theory of origin, the term "Tangkhul" is derived from "Thankhul", meaning "Than village" in [[Meitei language]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shimray |first=A. S. W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E1MwAQAAIAAJ&q=Meitei+language+Tang+Khul |title=History of the Tangkhul Nagas |date=2001 |publisher=Akansha Publishing House |isbn=978-81-87606-04-8 |pages=43 |language=en |quote=... the village which they lived was known by the name ' THANKHUL ' meaning Than - Village in Meitei language . Therefore , the name ' TANGKHUL ' is derived from Than - Khul ...}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lisam |first=Khomdan Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z6d-IyINtk4C&dq=Meitei+language+Tang+Khul&pg=PA516 |title=Encyclopaedia Of Manipur (3 Vol.) |date=2011 |publisher= |year=2011 |isbn=978-81-7835-864-2 |pages=516 |language=en |quote=The name Tangkhul was given to them by the Meiteis. There are many legends regarding the origin of the word Tangkhul.}}</ref>

== Relationship with the Meiteis ==
[[File:HAOREIMA STATUE.jpg|thumb|Statue of [[Haoreima]], a [[Meitei deities|Meitei goddess]] who's of Tangkhul origin, installed in the [[Kakching Garden]] of [[Kakching district]], [[Manipur]]]]
[[Haoreima]], the [[Meitei deities|Meitei goddess]] of tragic love and separation, was actually a [[deified]] person of the Tangkhul origin.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hareshwar Goshwami |url=https://archive.org/details/hareshwar-goshwami-history-of-the-people-of-manipur/page/214/mode/2up?q=Haoreima |title=History of the People of Manipur |publisher=Yaol Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-9993057-0-3 |edition=Revised |location=London |pages=214–215 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hareshwar Goshwami |url=https://archive.org/details/hareshwar-goshwami-history-of-the-people-of-manipur/page/216/mode/2up?q=Haoreima |title=History of the People of Manipur |publisher=Yaol Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-9993057-0-3 |edition=Revised |location=London |pages=216–217 |language=en-GB}}</ref> She was a daughter of ''Khelemba'', a Tangkhul chief of Chingdai village, and was married to ''Khamlangba'',{{efn|He is [[eponymous]] with Meitei God [[Khamlangba]], because "Khamlangba" is a popular male [[given name]] in [[Kangleipak]] ([[Manipur]]).}} a Tangkhul chief of Chingshong village. Despite marrying Khamlangba, she had a secret love affair with [[List of Meitei kings|Meitei king]] ''Meidingu Tabungba'', also called ''Tabung Saphaba'' (1359-1394). Upon discovering the secret relationship between the two, Khamlangba, getting furious, [[beheaded]] Tabung Saphaba.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hareshwar Goshwami |url=https://archive.org/details/hareshwar-goshwami-history-of-the-people-of-manipur/page/214/mode/2up?q=Haoreima |title=History of the People of Manipur |publisher=Yaol Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-9993057-0-3 |edition=Revised |location=London |pages=214–215 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Shocked by the tragic death of her lover, Haoreima took away her lover's head to the ''Kanglei Pungmayol''. Later, she also died, following her lover's path and was eventually venerated as the Meitei goddess of tragic love and separation.
She is also identified as goddess [[Ireima]], who's also an incarnation of goddess [[Panthoibi]] of the [[Meitei religion|Meitei pantheon]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hareshwar Goshwami |url=https://archive.org/details/hareshwar-goshwami-history-of-the-people-of-manipur/page/216/mode/2up?q=Haoreima |title=History of the People of Manipur |publisher=Yaol Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-9993057-0-3 |edition=Revised |location=London |pages=216–217 |language=en-GB}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bible translations into the languages of Northeast India]]

==Further reading==
* Akhui, Z. A. S. (1973) ''A Short Account of Tangkhul Naga Culture'' Imphal
* Arokianathan, S. (1987) ''Tangkhul Naga Grammar'' Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore, India, {{OCLC|19543897}}
* Horam, Mashangthei (1988) ''Naga Insurgency: The Last Thirty Years'' Cosmo Publications, New Delhi, {{OCLC|19452813}}
* Shimray, A. S. W. (2001) ''History of the Tangkhul Nagas'' Akansha Pub. House, New Delhi, {{ISBN|81-87606-04-5}}
* Shongzan, Mayaso (2013) "A Portrait of the Tangkhul Nagas" the Exodus, Ukhrul.
* Josiah Luithui, (2014) "Liberation Theology of the Head-Hunters Tangkhul Naga", TTA, Ukhrul.

== Notable people ==
*[[Rishang Keishing]]
*[[Darlando Khathing]]
*[[Ralengnao Khathing]]
*[[Rewben Mashangva]]
*[[Wungngayam Muirang]]
*[[Thuingaleng Muivah]]
*[[Min Naing]]
*[[Hormipam Ruivah]]
*[[W. A. Shishak]]
*[[Hangmila Shaiza]]
*[[Yangmaso Shaiza]]
*[[Rungsung Suisa]]
*[[Ringyuichon Vashum]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*http://www.tangkhul.com
*http://www.ukhrul.nic.in
*http://www.tangkhulnet.tripod.com
*https://tangkhulonline.com/
{{Naga tribes}}
{{Hill tribes of Northeast India}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Manipur]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Myanmar]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Northeast India]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Manipur]]
[[Category:People from Ukhrul district]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in South Asia]]

Tangkhul people - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article