Tanda, Bengal - Revision history

SidneySorensen: enhanced content also

2026-03-13T22:59:37Z

enhanced content also

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:29, 14 March 2026
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	\| map_type =		\| map_type = India West Bengal
	\| map_caption =		\| map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
	\| relief =		\| relief = y
	\|coordinates =		\|coordinates = {{coord\|23.476401\|86.358962\|display=inline,title}}
	\|location = [[East India]]		\|location = [[East India]]
	\|type = Settlement		\|type = Settlement
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	}}{{Bengal Sultanate}}		}}{{Bengal Sultanate}}
	'''Tanda''' ({{~~lang-~~bn\|তান্ডা}}, lit~~. ''~~high ground''), also known as '''Tandah''' and '''Khwaspur Tandah''', was a historic 16th-century city of [[Bengal]] in the eastern part of [[South Asia]], and one of the most prominent medieval capitals; serving the [[Karrani dynasty\|Karrani]] [[Sultans of Bengal]] and the early [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] [[Subahdar\|governors]] of [[Bengal Subah\|Bengal]].<ref name=bpedia/>		'''Tanda''' ({{langx\|bn\|তান্ডা}}, {{lit\|high ground}}), also known as '''Tandah''' and '''Khwaspur Tandah''', was a historic 16th-century city of [[Bengal]] in the eastern part of [[South Asia]], and one of the most prominent medieval capitals; serving the [[Karrani dynasty\|Karrani]] [[Sultans of Bengal]] and the early [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] [[Subahdar\|governors]] of [[Bengal Subah\|Bengal]].<ref name=bpedia/>

	==Location==		==Location==
	Almost completely opposite to the city of [[Gauḍa (city)\|Gaur]], Tanda is located ~~west~~ of [[Teliagarhi]] by approximately 19.31km, 1.60km away from [[Lakshipur]] and southeast of [[Malda, West Bengal]] by roughly 24.14km. It lay on the western banks of the [[Ganges River]] where the river historically used to split into two.<ref name=bpedia/>		Almost completely opposite to the city of [[Gauḍa (city)\|Gaur]], Tanda is located east of [[Teliagarhi]] by approximately 19.31km, 1.60km away from [[Lakshipur]] and southeast of [[Malda, West Bengal]] by roughly 24.14km. It lay on the western banks of the [[Ganges River]] where the river historically used to split into two.<ref name=bpedia/>

	==History==		==History==
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	In 1586, a gentleman merchant from [[London]] by the name of [[Ralph Fitch]] visited the city, describing it as prosperous whilst at the same time decaying due to the [[Ganges River\|Ganges' course]] changing. Tanda remained the capital of Bengal up until the governorship of [[Man Singh I]] in the 1590s, who abandoned the city for [[Rajmahal]].		In 1586, a gentleman merchant from [[London]] by the name of [[Ralph Fitch]] visited the city, describing it as prosperous whilst at the same time decaying due to the [[Ganges River\|Ganges' course]] changing. Tanda remained the capital of Bengal up until the governorship of [[Man Singh I]] in the 1590s, who abandoned the city for [[Rajmahal]].

	According to [[Baharistan-i-Ghaibi]] of Mirza Nathan (later known as Shitab Khan),<ref name=vol2/>{{rp\|666}} Tanda was noted for its stock of goods. Mirza Nathan's officer, Madari, purchased a shipload of [[lead]], [[gunpowder]] and [[bow and arrow\|bows and arrows]].<ref name=vol2/>{{rp\|585}} There was a notable [[dargah]] (shrine) located in the village of Malatipur in Tanda. This contained the tomb of Mir Syed Ahmad al-Husayni, who was a notable Muslim ascetic who lived in Malatipur and would receive hundreds of visitors. After his death, Ahmad was succeeded by his [[Sajjada nashin\|Sahib-i-Sajjada]] Mir Syed Nizam ad-Din as the chief Sufi of the town. During the reign of Emperor [[Jahangir]], it was common for Mughal officers to visit the shrine and commemorate [[urs]] there, as done by Shitab Khan - a disciple of [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar]].<ref name=vol2>{{cite book\|title=Baharistan-I-Ghaybi – Volume II\|author=M. I. Borah\|year=1936\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.279665/page/n281/mode/2up}}</ref>{{rp\|716}} In April 1660, Prince [[Shah Shuja (Mughal prince)\|Shah Shuja]] and his family briefly took shelter in Tanda whilst hiding from [[Mir Jumla II]].<ref>{{cite Banglapedia\|article=Shah Shuja\|author=Abdul Karim}}</ref>		According to [[Baharistan-i-Ghaibi]] of Mirza Nathan (later known as Shitab Khan),<ref name=vol2/>{{rp\|666}} Tanda was noted for its stock of goods. Mirza Nathan's officer, Madari, purchased a shipload of [[lead]], [[gunpowder]] and [[bow and arrow\|bows and arrows]].<ref name=vol2/>{{rp\|585}} There was a notable [[dargah]] (shrine) located in the village of Malatipur in Tanda. This contained the tomb of Mir Syed Ahmad al-Husayni, who was a notable Muslim ascetic who lived in Malatipur and would receive hundreds of visitors. After his death, Ahmad was succeeded by his [[Sajjada nashin\|Sahib-i-Sajjada]] Mir Syed Nizam ad-Din as the chief Sufi of the town. During the reign of Emperor [[Jahangir]], it was common for Mughal officers to visit the shrine and commemorate [[urs]] there, as done by Shitab Khan — a disciple of [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar]].<ref name=vol2>{{cite book\|title=Baharistan-I-Ghaybi – Volume II\|author=M. I. Borah\|year=1936\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.279665/page/n281/mode/2up}}</ref>{{rp\|716}} In April 1660, Prince [[Shah Shuja (Mughal prince)\|Shah Shuja]] and his family briefly took shelter in Tanda whilst hiding from [[Mir Jumla II]].<ref>{{cite Banglapedia\|article=Shah Shuja\|author=Abdul Karim}}</ref>

	By 1826, Tanda had been destroyed by floods, thus disappearing into the river. Presently, Tanda is a heap of dusts.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite Banglapedia\|article=Tandah\|author=Akhtaruzzaman, Muhammad}}</ref>		By 1826, Tanda had been destroyed by floods, thus disappearing into the river. Presently, Tanda is a heap of dusts.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite Banglapedia\|article=Tandah\|author=Akhtaruzzaman, Muhammad}}</ref>
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	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
	{{Non-extant Bengal places}}		{{Non-extant Bengal places}}

	~~{{coord missing\|West Bengal}}~~

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Tanda}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Tanda}}
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	[[Category:Cities and towns in West Bengal]]		[[Category:Cities and towns in West Bengal]]
	~~[[Category:History of Bengal]]~~		[[Category:Former capitals in India]]
	[[Category:Former ~~capital cities~~ in India]]
	[[Category:Ruins in India]]		[[Category:Ruins in India]]
	[[Category:Capitals of Bengal]]		[[Category:Capitals of Bengal]]

imported>GhostInTheMachine: Changing short description from "Mughal Emperor Humayun struck silver coins in Tanda in the late 1530s. According to numismatics, Tanda achieved mint town status in 1544 when the region was under the Sur Empire ruled by Sher Shah Suri. During the reign of the Sultan of Bengal Sulaim" to "16th-century city of Bengal in South Asia" (Shortdesc helper)

2021-09-03T16:54:05Z

Changing short description from "Mughal Emperor Humayun struck silver coins in Tanda in the late 1530s. According to numismatics, Tanda achieved mint town status in 1544 when the region was under the Sur Empire ruled by Sher Shah Suri. During the reign of the Sultan of Bengal Sulaim" to "16th-century city of Bengal in South Asia" (Shortdesc helper)

New page

{{Short description|16th-century city of Bengal in South Asia}}{{Distinguish|Tandah}}
{{EngvarB|date=February 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox ancient site
|name = Tanda
|alternate_name = Tandah
|image =
|alt =
|caption =
| map_alt =
| map_type =
| map_caption =
| relief =
|coordinates =
|location = [[East India]]
|type = Settlement
|part_of =
|length =
|width =
|height =
|builder =
|material =
|built = 16th century
|abandoned =
|epochs =
|cultures =
|dependency_of =
|occupants =
|event =
|excavations =
|archaeologists =
|condition =
|ownership =
|management =
|public_access =
|website = 
|notes =
| designation1 =
| designation1_offname =
| designation1_date =
| designation1_number =
| designation1_criteria =
| designation1_type =
| designation1_free1name =
| designation1_free1value =
| designation1_free2name =
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}}{{Bengal Sultanate}}
'''Tanda''' ({{lang-bn|তান্ডা}}, lit. ''high ground''), also known as '''Tandah''' and '''Khwaspur Tandah''', was a historic 16th-century city of [[Bengal]] in the eastern part of [[South Asia]], and one of the most prominent medieval capitals; serving the [[Karrani dynasty|Karrani]] [[Sultans of Bengal]] and the early [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] [[Subahdar|governors]] of [[Bengal Subah|Bengal]].<ref name=bpedia/>

==Location==
Almost completely opposite to the city of [[Gauḍa (city)|Gaur]], Tanda is located west of [[Teliagarhi]] by approximately 19.31km, 1.60km away from [[Lakshipur]] and southeast of [[Malda, West Bengal]] by roughly 24.14km. It lay on the western banks of the [[Ganges River]] where the river historically used to split into two.<ref name=bpedia/>

==History==
During the reign of [[Mughal emperor]] [[Humayun]] struck silver coins in Tanda in the late 1530s. According to [[numismatics]], Tanda achieved mint town status in 1544 when the region was under the [[Sur Empire]] ruled by [[Sher Shah Suri]]. During the reign of the [[Sultan of Bengal]] [[Sulaiman Khan Karrani]], the capital of Bengal was switched from [[Gauḍa (city)|Gaur]] to Tanda.<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|article=History|author=Ahmed, Helal Uddin}}</ref> From then on, it continued as the capital of Bengal's [[Karrani dynasty]]. Tanda continued to host a prominent [[Mint (facility)|mint]] up until 1576.

The rise of [[Mughal Empire|Mughal dominion]] in the region was led by the [[Bengal Subah]]'s first Mughal [[Subahdar|governor]] [[Munim Khan]]. Defeating the [[Bengal Sultanate]] at the [[Battle of Tukaroi]] in 1575, the capital was switched back to Gaur. An epidemic plague in Gaur swiftly led to the death of Munim and many Mughal troops, allowing Sultan [[Daud Khan Karrani]] to regain control and reestablish Tanda as the capital.<ref name=munim>{{cite Banglapedia|author=Husain, AKM Yaqub|article=Munim Khan Khan-i-Khanan}}</ref> Karrani was defeated the following year at the [[Battle of Rajmahal]] by the following Mughal general, [[Khan Jahan I]], who kept Tanda as the capital due to fear of plague in Gaur. Tanda was made a part of the [[Sarkar (administrative division)|Sarkar]] Udambar (commonly known as Sarkar Tanda) which included [[Rajmahal subdivision|Rajmahal]], [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]] and [[Birbhum district|North Birbhum]].

In 1586, a gentleman merchant from [[London]] by the name of [[Ralph Fitch]] visited the city, describing it as prosperous whilst at the same time decaying due to the [[Ganges River|Ganges' course]] changing. Tanda remained the capital of Bengal up until the governorship of [[Man Singh I]] in the 1590s, who abandoned the city for [[Rajmahal]].

According to [[Baharistan-i-Ghaibi]] of Mirza Nathan (later known as Shitab Khan),<ref name=vol2/>{{rp|666}} Tanda was noted for its stock of goods. Mirza Nathan's officer, Madari, purchased a shipload of [[lead]], [[gunpowder]] and [[bow and arrow|bows and arrows]].<ref name=vol2/>{{rp|585}} There was a notable [[dargah]] (shrine) located in the village of Malatipur in Tanda. This contained the tomb of Mir Syed Ahmad al-Husayni, who was a notable Muslim ascetic who lived in Malatipur and would receive hundreds of visitors. After his death, Ahmad was succeeded by his [[Sajjada nashin|Sahib-i-Sajjada]] Mir Syed Nizam ad-Din as the chief Sufi of the town. During the reign of Emperor [[Jahangir]], it was common for Mughal officers to visit the shrine and commemorate [[urs]] there, as done by Shitab Khan - a disciple of [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar]].<ref name=vol2>{{cite book|title=Baharistan-I-Ghaybi – Volume II|author=M. I. Borah|year=1936|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.279665/page/n281/mode/2up}}</ref>{{rp|716}} In April 1660, Prince [[Shah Shuja (Mughal prince)|Shah Shuja]] and his family briefly took shelter in Tanda whilst hiding from [[Mir Jumla II]].<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|article=Shah Shuja|author=Abdul Karim}}</ref>

By 1826, Tanda had been destroyed by floods, thus disappearing into the river. Presently, Tanda is a heap of dusts.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite Banglapedia|article=Tandah|author=Akhtaruzzaman, Muhammad}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Non-extant Bengal places}}

{{coord missing|West Bengal}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tanda}}
[[Category:Bengal Sultanate]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites in India]]
[[Category:Former populated places in India]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in India]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in West Bengal]]
[[Category:History of Bengal]]
[[Category:Former capital cities in India]]
[[Category:Ruins in India]]
[[Category:Capitals of Bengal]]