->SirSavageOfficial at 09:58, 25 November 2021

2021-11-25T09:58:54Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{manual|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tanakpur
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = View of purnagiri hills from barrage road Tanakpur.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = View of Purnagiri Hills at Indo-Nepal border across [[Sarda river]] in Tanakpur
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Uttarakhand#India
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttarakhand, India
| coordinates = {{coord|29.074|80.109|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of Countries|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttarakhand]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Champawat district|Champawat]]
| established_title = 
| established_date = 1880
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =[[Municipality]]
| governing_body =[[Municipal Council|Tanakpur Municipal Council]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 11.2
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 255
| population_total = 17,626
| population_as_of = [[Census of India, 2011|2011]]
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 262309
| area_code = 05943
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = UK 03
| website = {{URL|uk.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Kumaoni language|Kumaoni]]
}}

'''Tanakpur''' (Kumaoni: टनकपुर) is a city and a [[municipal board]] in [[Champawat]] district of [[Uttarakhand]] state of [[India]]. Located in the plains area in the northern part of India. The town is the gateway for Purnagiri Temple (around 24 km from here) as well as the 'Gateway to the [[Kumaon division|Kumaon Himalayas]]'.

Tanakpur is located on the banks of [[Sarda River]] and adjacent to the [[Nepal]] border. It is the last plain area on the road to Kumaon zone of [[Uttarakhand]] and acts as a junction for the [[Kumaon District]]'s mountainous part. It is also the first point in the [[Kailash Manasarovar]] [[Pilgrimage]]. Tanakpur is famous for the Devi Purnagiri temple which is situated approximately 24 km at the north of city. [[National Highway 9 (India)|National Highway 9]] which starts from [[Askot]] in [[Pithoragarh]] district and passes from Tanakpur to cities including [[Rudrapur, Uttarakhand|Rudrapur]], [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]], [[Moradabad]], [[Hapur]], [[Ghaziabad]], [[Delhi]], [[Bahadurgarh]], [[Rohtak]], [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]], [[Sirsa]], [[Fatehabad, Haryana|Fatehabad]] and the highway ends at the state of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]].

==History==
This area was completely covered with forests till the first half of the 19th century. Tanakpur, a small city attached to the Nepal border, was a small village. Three miles from here was Brahmadev Mandi (currently in Nepal), which was built by the [[Katyuri kings]] (7th and 11th centuries C.E.).<ref name=handa>O.C.Handa, 2002, History of Uttaranchal, Indus Publishing Company. {{ISBN|8173871345|9788173871344}}.</ref> The market was completely suppressed due to the landslide in the era, and after some time, a business town was started again.

The city was formed in 1880.<ref name="dsal">{{cite web|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 23, page 218|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_224.gif|website=dsal.uchicago.edu|publisher=Digital South Asia Library|access-date=9 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Upadhyaya|first1=Shreeram Prasad|title=Indo-Nepal trade relations: a historical analysis of Nepal's trade with the British India|date=1992|publisher=Nirala Publications|page=209|language=en}}</ref> It was the winter office of the [[Sub-Divisional Magistrate|Sub-divisional officer]] of [[Champawat district|Champawat tehsil]].<ref name="dsal2">{{cite web|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 23, page 219|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V23_225.gif|website=dsal.uchicago.edu|publisher=Digital South Asia Library|access-date=9 July 2017}}</ref>

In 1890, when an English traveler came to the place with his friend Manjar Hussi, being influenced by the scenic beauty of this place, Talak and Hussey were the first to come to Bagodora (Sailanigoth) and another Englishman Matsin built bungalows to live near the old tank. After this, efforts were made to settle this city in a planned manner. It was called Talakpur before the name of Lord Talak, but later this place was called Tanakpur. Earlier it was included in the area Almora. In the British period, a 6 feet wide pedestrian was constructed from Tanakpur to Tawaghat, which facilitated a lot of movement.

After many years of British time and independence, Bhotia merchants from Darma and Byas valleys used to come here and trade wool. There has also been a huge import-export with Nepal through this area. In the latter part of the 19th century, rail line connecting [[Pilibhit Junction railway station|Pilibhit]] was constructed by Awadh-Tirhut railway company here. Along with this the city was connected by road to [[Delhi]], [[Dehradun]], [[Bareilly]] and [[Lucknow]]. Bageshwar Rail Project, Tanakpur-Jouljibi Motor Road, Pancheshwar Dam etc. It had a population of 692 in 1901.<ref name="dsal" />

==Geography==
Tanakpur is located at {{Coord|29.08|N|80.12|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/39/Tanakur.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Tanakpur]</ref> It has an average elevation of 255 metres (837 feet).

==Demographics==
According to the 2011 census, Tanakpur had a population of 17,626 which increased to 20,000 till 2020. As per 2011 census, 52.5% of the total population and 47.5% of the population are women. Tanakpur has an average literacy rate of 78.24%: 84.06% male and 71.84% of females are literate. 12.68% of the total population is under 6 years of age.

According to the 2011 census, 80.32% of people in Tanakpur are Hindus. 18.22% of people follow Islam, which is the largest minority group in the city. In addition, the percentage of followers of Christianity in the city was 0.55%, 0.08% of followers of Jain religion, 0.69% of followers of Sikhism and 0.01% of followers of Buddhism. About 0.13% of people do not belong to any religion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|title=Census Data|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004}}</ref>

== Climate ==
The climate of Tanakpur is warm and temperate. Tanakpur is the city with heavy rains; Even in the driest month there is much rainfall. According to Köppen climate classification, the code of the city is 'Cfa'. The annual average temperature of Tanakpur is 24.4, and the average annual rainfall is 1739 mm. The warmest month of May year is 30.8 degree Celsius with average temperature. At 15.6 °C on average, January is the coldest month of the year. Most work is 7 mm in rainfall in April, while the highest rainfall with 528 mm is in July. The driest month, and the difference between rainfall in the driest month is 521 mm. Throughout the year, the temperature can be seen at 15.2 degree Celsius.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/location/215613/|title=Tanakpur climate: Average Temperatures, weather by month, Tanakpur weather averages - Climate-Data.org|website=en.climate-data.org|access-date=2018-08-22}}</ref>

==Economy==
Tanakpur was a major trade mart of the [[Kumaon division]] in [[British Indian Empire|British India]]. The local produces of the region included Timber, [[Catechu]], hides, honey and other minor forest produces, which were traded between November and May.<ref name="dsal2" /> The Bhotiyas used to bring down Wool and Borax from [[Tibet]], and carried back Sugar and Clothes.<ref name="dsal" /> Sugar and Salt, on the other hand, were imported from the Hill tracts of [[Almora]] and [[Nepal]], in exchange for Turmeric, chillies and Ghee.<ref name="dsal2" /> By 1890, the [[Taklakot]]-Tanakpur trade route, used by the [[Bhotiya]] traders, had complete control over the wool trade of [[Mansarovar]] region.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sherring|first1=Charles Atmore|last2=Longstaff|first2=Thomas George|title=Western Tibet and the British borderland; the sacred country of Hindus and Buddhists, with an account of the government, religion, and customs of its peoples|url=https://archive.org/details/westerntibetand00shergoog|date=1906|publisher=E. Arnold|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/westerntibetand00shergoog/page/n294 262]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Spengen|first1=Wim van|title=Tibetan border worlds : a geohistorical analysis of trade and traders|date=2000|publisher=Paul|location=London|isbn=9780710305923|page=112|edition=1. publ.|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Pranavananda|first1=Swami|title=Exploration In Tibet|date=1950|publisher=University of Calcutta|pages=117–120|edition=Revised 1950|language=English}}</ref>

The income from the Tanakpur depot is considered one of the major sources of income for [[Uttarakhand Transport Corporation]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Friendship bus service between India-Nepal resumes|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/friendship-bus-service-between-india-nepal-resumes/articleshow/50439187.cms|access-date=9 July 2017|publisher=The Economic Times|date=4 January 2016|location=Banbasa}}</ref>

==Connectivity==
'''By Air:''' The nearest airport to Tanakpur is [[Pantnagar Airport]] situated 98 km away in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand state. Taxis are available from Pantnagar Airport to Tanakpur. Pantnagar is connected to Delhi with daily flights. Pant Nagar Airport is well connected by motorable roads with Tanakpur.

'''By Rail:''' Broad gauge conversion (BGC) project was completed and rail services were resumed from Tanakpur by February 2018. 24370/Tanakpur - Shaktinagar [[Triveni Express]] started from Tanakpur on February 27, 2019 and 14555/ Tanakpur - Delhi Express started on March 10, 2019. Now [[Tanakpur railway station]] is well connected to major cities of India via rail network. The North Eastern Railway has sent proposal to the railway board to start more express trains from Tanakpur to expand railway network.

The ex-railway minister of India, [[Mukul Roy]] announced in railway budget 2012 that he is pursuing the inclusion of four critical projects as national projects, which include [[Bilaspur–Leh line]], [[Jammu–Poonch line]], Tanakpur–Bageshwar line and Rupai Siding–Parshuram Kund line.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120504054546/http://164.100.47.5/newdebate/225/22032012/18.00pmTo19.00pm.pdf</ref>

'''By Road:''' Tanakpur is well connected by motorable roads with major destinations of Uttarakhand state and northern India. Tanakpur Bus Depot is the largest Depot in Uttarakhand and bus services are extended up to main cities such as ISBT Anand Vihar (Delhi), Dehradun, Haldwani, Gurgaon, Faridabad, Panipat, Ghaziabad, Saharanpur, Bareilly, Meerut, Kanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Alwar, Jaipur, Ayodhya, Punjab, Nainital, Lucknow, Agra, Gwalior. Taxi and buses are easily available from Tanakpur to the major destinations of Uttarakhand and nearby states.

==Places to stay in Tanakpur==
Tanakpur is visited by up to 25 lakh people each year, mainly to visit Purnagiri Temple, which is around 24 Kilometers from Tanakpur. Tanakpur being the last town before Purnagiri has many hotels and guest houses. There is a tourist guest house by KMVN and privately owned hotels like Hotel Siddharth, Vishal hotel, Hotel Blue Empire, Hotel J.B., Hotel Solitaire, Hotel Parvat,<ref>[http://www.hotelparvat.com Hotel Parvat]</ref> Hotel Taj, Panchmukhi Dharmshala and many others.

==Media==
Tanakpur has an [[All India Radio]] Relay station known as Akashvani Tanakpur. It broadcasts on specified FM frequencies.

== Places of interest ==
*'''Purnagiri Temple:''' One of the 108 Siddha Peeths, this Devi Temple is 21  km from Tanakpur, Tunyas is 17 km and from there 3 km trek leads to Purnagiri Temple. Tanakpur is linked by direct bus service with Lucknow, Delhi, Agra, Dehradun, Kanpur and other Districts.<br />During Navratras, in the Chaitra month of the Indian calendar, devotees in large number come here to have their wishes fulfilled. After worshipping Mata Purnagiri, people also pay their tributes to her loyal devotee Bada Sidth Nath at Brahmadev and Mahendra Nagar in Nepal.
* [http://guru-maa.in/sri-adya-mahakamesvari-maa/ '''Shri Adya Shakti Peeth'''] ('''Boom Temple):''' A spiritual place near on the way to Purnagiri, famous for its white sand beach/river bank where pilgrims take a holy dip in river Sharda. Adhya Shakti Peeth (Boom Temple), enshrined by Guru Maa is just near to this place. Rafting and camping is available in Boom, managed under government adventure program.
*'''Barrage Road Tanakpur Power Station, NHPC:''' At the shore of Tanakpur, local people regularly visit here for evening and morning walks and to observe the sunrise and sunset.
*[[Swami Virajananda|'''Shyamlatal''']]''':''' Shyamlatal is a natural lake located in a beautiful hamlet at 30 km from Tanakpur town. As the name indicates, the lake is known by the word Shyaam which means little dark complex color used to describe Lord Krishna in Hindu religion. The blackish color of the lake is due to its muddy water and surrounded by hills. <br />Situated 1,500 meters above the sea level, the lake Shyamala Tal is located at 22.6 km from Tanakpur main market and about 56 km from Champawat Bus station. Shyamlatal Lake covers an area of more than 1.5 km<sup>2</sup> area. There is a famous Swami Vivekananda Ashram located on the banks of lake visited by many people around the year.
* '''8Mile:''' Famous place amongst local people for its seasonal waterfall and sightseeing views of Sharda valley.
* '''[[Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary]]''': Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary is a [[wildlife sanctuary]] in [[Uttarakhand]], [[India]] that was created in 2012. The sanctuary is part of the Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), a forest zone that stretches from Uttarakhand in India and extends into [[Nepal]]. A new gateway to enter this sanctuary was inaugurated in the year 2017. Tour-guides and Gypsys are available for hire at Tanakpur office to lead visitors in sightseeing, birdwatching, camping and jungle safari.

== Gallery[[File:Eastside_Tanakpur.jpg|1x1px]] ==
<gallery>
File:Sunset from 8mile.jpg|Sunset from 8Mile
File:8mike waterfall.jpg|A movie shooting near 8Mile
File:Eastside Tanakpur.jpg|Eastside Tanakpur (Near river Sharda)
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}4.[http://guru-maa.in/sri-adya-mahakamesvari-maa/ Shri Adya Shakti Peeth]{{Champawat district}}
{{Municipalities of Uttarakhand}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Champawat district]]

Tanakpur - Revision history

->SirSavageOfficial at 09:58, 25 November 2021