Talagunda - Revision history

MarianaCone66: enhance information further and added references

2026-02-08T10:55:03Z

enhance information further and added references

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	~~:''~~for the account of the Kadamba Dynasty~~, see [[~~Talagunda pillar inscription~~]].''~~		{{for\|the account of the Kadamba Dynasty\|Talagunda pillar inscription}}
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	'''Talagunda''' is a village in the [[Shikaripura]] [[taluk]] of [[Shivamogga district]] in the state of [[Karnataka, India]]. Many inscriptions found here have provided insights into the rise of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]].<ref name="kamat1">{{cite web\|url=~~http~~://www.kamat.com/kalranga/deccan/kadamba.htm\|author=Dr. Jyotsna Kamat\|title=The Kadambas of Banavasi\|date=2007-12-21\|access-date=2008-05-01}}</ref>		'''Talagunda''' is a village in the [[Shikaripura]] [[taluk]] of [[Shivamogga district]] in the state of [[Karnataka, India]]. Many inscriptions found here have provided insights into the rise of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]].<ref name="kamat1">{{cite web\|url=https://www.kamat.com/kalranga/deccan/kadamba.htm\|author=Dr. Jyotsna Kamat\|title=The Kadambas of Banavasi\|date=2007-12-21\|access-date=2008-05-01}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	Talagunda was earlier known as ~~Sthanagundur~~ and it was an ''agrahara'' (a place of learning).<ref name="rice">B. L. Rice, p482</ref> This is the earliest known ''agrahara'' found in [[Karnataka]].<ref name="kamat">{{cite web\|url=~~http~~://www.kamat.com/kalranga/edu/agraharas.htm\|author=Dr. Jyotsna Kamat\|title=The History of Agraharas\|date=2007-12-20\|access-date=2008-05-01}}</ref> An inscription found at Talagunda indicates that 32 [[Brahmins]] were relocated from a place called ~~[[Ahichchhatra]]~~ to Sthanagundur by Mukanna (or Trinetra), thereby creating an ''agrahara''.<ref name="rice"/><ref name="kamat"/> Mukanna was an ancestor of [[Mayurasharma]], the founder of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]]. The extensive remains of Ahichhatra, the Capital town of [[Panchala Kingdom (Mahabharata)\|Northern Panchala]] have been discovered near Ramnagar village of [[Aonla, Uttar Pradesh\|Aonla Tehsil]] in the district of [[Bareilly]] in the state of Uttara Pradesh. The word ''Ahi'' means ''snake'' or ''Naga'' in [[Sanskrit]]. [[Naga (clan)\|Nagas]] were a group of ancient people who worshiped serpents. The word ''khsetra'' means ''region'' in Sanskrit. This implies that Ahi-kshetra was a region of [[Naga (clan)\|Nagas]]. This could mean that the region was populated originally by Nagas,		Talagunda was earlier known as Sthanakunduru and it was an [[Agraharam\|''agrahara'']] (a place of learning- ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಕೇಂದ್ರ).<ref name="rice">B. L. Rice, p482</ref> This is the earliest known ''agrahara'' found in [[Karnataka]].<ref name="kamat">{{cite web\|url=https://www.kamat.com/kalranga/edu/agraharas.htm\|author=Dr. Jyotsna Kamat\|title=The History of Agraharas\|date=2007-12-20\|access-date=2008-05-01}}</ref> Built at the time of Gouthamiputa Shathakarni (ಗೌತಮಿಪುತ್ರ ಶಾತಕರ್ಣಿ). An inscription found at Talagunda indicates that Kanchi was a major centre (ghatika) for learning, especially of the vedas taught by learned brahmanas. It indicates that 32 [[Brahmins]] were relocated from a place called Ahi-kshetra to Sthanagundur by Mukanna (or Trinetra), thereby creating an ''agrahara''..<ref name="rice"/><ref name="kamat"/> Mukanna was an ancestor of [[Mayurasharma]], the founder of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]]. The word ''Ahi'' means ''snake'' or ''Naga'' in [[Sanskrit]]. [[Naga (clan)\|Nagas]] were a group of ancient people who worshiped serpents. The word ''khsetra'' means ''region'' in Sanskrit. This implies that Ahi-kshetra was a region of [[Naga (clan)\|Nagas]]. This could mean that the region was populated originally by Nagas,
	[[Nairs]], [[Bunt (community)\|Bunts]] of [[Kerala]] and [[Tulu Nadu]] who claim [[Kshatriya]] descent from the nagas as well as [[Namputhiri]] of Kerala, [[Havyaka]] Brahmins of North Canara and [[Tuluva Brahmins]] of Mangalore and Udupi, (Hindu philosophers [[Adi Shankara]] and [[Madhvacharya]] belonging to these communities) trace their origins to this place.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=K0RHOwAACAAJ Maclean's Manual of the Administration of the Madras Presidency]</ref>		[[Nairs]], [[Bunt (community)\|Bunts]] of [[Kerala]] and [[Tulu Nadu]] who claim [[Kshatriya]] descent from the nagas trace their origins to this place.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=K0RHOwAACAAJ Maclean's Manual of the Administration of the Madras Presidency]</ref> and historically and traditionally, Balligavi and Talagunda are recorded as important [[Jainism\|Jain]] centres and significant places of learning.<ref>Hampa Nagarajaiah (1999). ''History of the Early Ganga Monarchy and Jainism''. Bengaluru: Ankita Pustaka. ISBN 8187321164.</ref>

	Education was imparted at Talagunda for eight centuries and the subjects that were taught included [[veda]]s, [[vedanta]], grammar and philosophy. The [[Kannada]] language was taught at primary level and clothing and food was provided to the students and teachers.<ref name="kamat"/>		Education was imparted at Talagunda for eight centuries and the subjects that were taught included [[veda]]s, [[vedanta]], grammar and philosophy. The [[Kannada]] language was taught at primary level and clothing and food was provided to the students and teachers.<ref name="kamat"/>

	==Inscriptions==		==Inscriptions==
	A temple dedicated to Pranaveshwara ([[Hindu]] God [[Shiva]]) is located in Talagunda. Next to it is located a stone slab containing inscriptions. In front of it is a pillar containing inscriptions in [[Sanskrit]]. The pillar inscriptions were written in the mid 5th century CE during the reign of Śāntivarman (a descendant of [[Mayurasharma]]).<ref name="poll">F. Kielhorn, ‘Talagunda Pillar Inscription of Kakusthavarman’, EI 8 (1905-06): 31-33 (inscr); Sheldon Pollock, [incomplete reference], p. 116.</ref> The author of this inscription was Kubja, the court-poet of Śāntivarman.<ref name="sirc">D. C. Sircar, p. 86</ref> He engraved the inscriptions himself to prevent any other engraver from committing mistakes. [[File:Talagunda Pillar inscription (455-460 AD) at Talagunda.JPG\|200px\|left\|thumb\|The famous Talagunda pillar inscription (450-460 A.D) that details the rise of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]].]]		A temple dedicated to Pranaveshwara ([[Hindu]] God [[Shiva]]) is located in Talagunda. Next to it is located a stone slab containing inscriptions. In front of it is a pillar containing inscriptions in [[Sanskrit]]. The pillar inscriptions were written in the mid 5th century CE during the reign of [[Śāntivarman]] (a descendant of [[Mayurasharma]]).<ref name="poll">F. Kielhorn, ‘Talagunda Pillar Inscription of Kakusthavarman’, EI 8 (1905-06): 31-33 (inscr); Sheldon Pollock, [incomplete reference], p. 116.</ref> The author of this inscription was Kubja, the court-poet of Śāntivarman.<ref name="sirc">D. C. Sircar, p. 86</ref> He engraved the inscriptions himself to prevent any other engraver from committing mistakes. [[File:Talagunda Pillar inscription (455-460 AD) at Talagunda.JPG\|200px\|left\|thumb\|The famous Talagunda pillar inscription (450-460 A.D) that details the rise of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]].]]
	Kubja, describes these inscriptions as a [[kavya]] thus:		Kubja, describes these inscriptions as a [[kavya]] thus:
	{{Cquote\|In deference to the command of King Santivarman, <br />Kubja has written this, his own ''kavya'', <br />upon the face of this rock<ref name="poll1">Sheldon Pollock, p135</ref>}}The inscriptions indicate that Mayurasharma, native of Talagunda,<ref name="native">Kamath (2001), pp. 30–31</ref> was accomplished in [[vaidika]] and went to the [[Pallava]] capital, [[Kanchipuram]] to study scriptures, accompanied by his [[guru]] and grandfather Veerasharama. There, having been humiliated by a Pallava guard (horseman), in a rage Mayurasharma gave up his Brahminic studies and took to the sword to avenge his insult.<ref name="avenge">Ramesh (1984), p6</ref> The inscription vividly describes the event thus:		{{Cquote\|In deference to the command of King Santivarman, <br />Kubja has written this, his own ''kavya'', <br />upon the face of this rock<ref name="poll1">Sheldon Pollock, p135</ref>}}The inscriptions indicate that Mayurasharma, native of Talagunda,<ref name="native">Kamath (2001), pp. 30–31</ref> was accomplished in [[vaidika]] and went to the [[Pallava]] capital, [[Kanchipuram]] to study scriptures, accompanied by his [[guru]] and grandfather Veerasharama. There, having been humiliated by a Pallava guard (horseman), in a rage Mayurasharma gave up his Brahminic studies and took to the sword to avenge his insult.<ref name="avenge">Ramesh (1984), p6</ref> The inscription vividly describes the event thus:
	{{Cquote\|That the hand dextrous in grasping the ''kusha'' grass, fuel and stones, ladle, melted butter and the oblation vessel, unsheathed a flaming sword, eager to conquer the earth<ref name="sword">Kamath (2001), p31</ref><ref name="sword1">Moraes (1931), p15</ref>}} The inscriptions thus describe Kadambas as Brahmins turned conquerors and praise Brahmins as ''"Gods on earth, and speakers of [[Sama Veda\|Sama]], [[Rig Veda\|Rig]] and [[Yajur Veda\|Yajur]] [[Veda]]s"''.<ref name="fede">Federico Squarcini, p98</ref> The Kadamba lineage is described as descending from a three-sage line in the Hariti [[Pravaras\|pravara]] and belonging to the Manavya [[gothra]].<ref name="fede"/>		{{Cquote\|That the hand dextrous in grasping the ''kusha'' grass, fuel and stones, ladle, melted butter and the oblation vessel, unsheathed a flaming sword, eager to conquer the earth<ref name="sword">Kamath (2001), p31</ref><ref name="sword1">Moraes (1931), p15</ref>
			}} The inscriptions thus describe Kadambas as Brahmins turned conquerors and praise Brahmins as ''"Gods on earth, and speakers of [[Sama Veda\|Sama]], [[Rig Veda\|Rig]] and [[Yajur Veda\|Yajur]] [[Veda]]s"''.<ref name="fede">Federico Squarcini, p98</ref> The Kadamba lineage is described as descending from a three-sage line in the Hariti [[Pravaras\|pravara]] and belonging to the Manavya [[gothra]].<ref name="fede"/>
	[[File:Talagunda pillar.JPG\|thumb\|right\|upright\|A view of the Talagunda pillar]]		[[File:Talagunda pillar.JPG\|thumb\|right\|upright\|A view of the Talagunda pillar]]

imported>Anigara: /* History */Syntax changed

2021-08-07T09:05:56Z

History: Syntax changed

New page

:''for the account of the Kadamba Dynasty, see [[Talagunda pillar inscription]].''
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Talagunda
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline = Praneshwara Temple Talagunda.JPG
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Pranaveshwara Temple (4th century) at Talagunda
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|14.42|N|75.26|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Shimoga District]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 577 450
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 08187
| registration_plate = KA-14
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Talagunda''' is a village in the [[Shikaripura]] [[taluk]] of [[Shivamogga district]] in the state of [[Karnataka, India]]. Many inscriptions found here have provided insights into the rise of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]].<ref name="kamat1">{{cite web|url=http://www.kamat.com/kalranga/deccan/kadamba.htm|author=Dr. Jyotsna Kamat|title=The Kadambas of Banavasi|date=2007-12-21|access-date=2008-05-01}}</ref>

==History==
Talagunda was earlier known as Sthanagundur and it was an ''agrahara'' (a place of learning).<ref name="rice">B. L. Rice, p482</ref> This is the earliest known ''agrahara'' found in [[Karnataka]].<ref name="kamat">{{cite web|url=http://www.kamat.com/kalranga/edu/agraharas.htm|author=Dr. Jyotsna Kamat|title=The History of Agraharas|date=2007-12-20|access-date=2008-05-01}}</ref> An inscription found at Talagunda indicates that 32 [[Brahmins]] were relocated from a place called [[Ahichchhatra]] to Sthanagundur by Mukanna (or Trinetra), thereby creating an ''agrahara''.<ref name="rice"/><ref name="kamat"/> Mukanna was an ancestor of [[Mayurasharma]], the founder of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]]. The extensive remains of Ahichhatra, the Capital town of [[Panchala Kingdom (Mahabharata)|Northern Panchala]] have been discovered near Ramnagar village of [[Aonla, Uttar Pradesh|Aonla Tehsil]] in the district of [[Bareilly]] in the state of Uttara Pradesh. The word ''Ahi'' means ''snake'' or ''Naga'' in [[Sanskrit]]. [[Naga (clan)|Nagas]] were a group of ancient people who worshiped serpents. The word ''khsetra'' means ''region'' in Sanskrit. This implies that Ahi-kshetra was a region of [[Naga (clan)|Nagas]]. This could mean that the region was populated originally by Nagas,
[[Nairs]], [[Bunt (community)|Bunts]] of [[Kerala]] and [[Tulu Nadu]] who claim [[Kshatriya]] descent from the nagas as well as [[Namputhiri]] of Kerala, [[Havyaka]] Brahmins of North Canara and [[Tuluva Brahmins]] of Mangalore and Udupi, (Hindu philosophers [[Adi Shankara]] and [[Madhvacharya]] belonging to these communities) trace their origins to this place.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=K0RHOwAACAAJ Maclean's Manual of the Administration of the Madras Presidency]</ref>

Education was imparted at Talagunda for eight centuries and the subjects that were taught included [[veda]]s, [[vedanta]], grammar and philosophy. The [[Kannada]] language was taught at primary level and clothing and food was provided to the students and teachers.<ref name="kamat"/>

==Inscriptions==
A temple dedicated to Pranaveshwara ([[Hindu]] God [[Shiva]]) is located in Talagunda. Next to it is located a stone slab containing inscriptions. In front of it is a pillar containing inscriptions in [[Sanskrit]]. The pillar inscriptions were written in the mid 5th century CE during the reign of Śāntivarman (a descendant of [[Mayurasharma]]).<ref name="poll">F. Kielhorn, ‘Talagunda Pillar Inscription of Kakusthavarman’, EI 8 (1905-06): 31-33 (inscr); Sheldon Pollock, [incomplete reference], p. 116.</ref> The author of this inscription was Kubja, the court-poet of Śāntivarman.<ref name="sirc">D. C. Sircar, p. 86</ref> He engraved the inscriptions himself to prevent any other engraver from committing mistakes. [[File:Talagunda Pillar inscription (455-460 AD) at Talagunda.JPG|200px|left|thumb|The famous Talagunda pillar inscription (450-460 A.D) that details the rise of the [[Kadamba Dynasty]].]]
Kubja, describes these inscriptions as a [[kavya]] thus:
{{Cquote|In deference to the command of King Santivarman, <br />Kubja has written this, his own ''kavya'', <br />upon the face of this rock<ref name="poll1">Sheldon Pollock, p135</ref>}}The inscriptions indicate that Mayurasharma, native of Talagunda,<ref name="native">Kamath (2001), pp. 30–31</ref> was accomplished in [[vaidika]] and went to the [[Pallava]] capital, [[Kanchipuram]] to study scriptures, accompanied by his [[guru]] and grandfather Veerasharama. There, having been humiliated by a Pallava guard (horseman), in a rage Mayurasharma gave up his Brahminic studies and took to the sword to avenge his insult.<ref name="avenge">Ramesh (1984), p6</ref> The inscription vividly describes the event thus:
{{Cquote|That the hand dextrous in grasping the ''kusha'' grass, fuel and stones, ladle, melted butter and the oblation vessel, unsheathed a flaming sword, eager to conquer the earth<ref name="sword">Kamath (2001), p31</ref><ref name="sword1">Moraes (1931), p15</ref>}} The inscriptions thus describe Kadambas as Brahmins turned conquerors and praise Brahmins as ''"Gods on earth, and speakers of [[Sama Veda|Sama]], [[Rig Veda|Rig]] and [[Yajur Veda|Yajur]] [[Veda]]s"''.<ref name="fede">Federico Squarcini, p98</ref> The Kadamba lineage is described as descending from a three-sage line in the Hariti [[Pravaras|pravara]] and belonging to the Manavya [[gothra]].<ref name="fede"/>
[[File:Talagunda pillar.JPG|thumb|right|upright|A view of the Talagunda pillar]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{commons category}}
*{{cite book |last= Rice|first=B. Lewis|title= Gazetteer of Mysore|url= https://archive.org/details/mysoregazetteerc0000rice|year=2001|publisher= Asian Educational Services|isbn=81-206-0977-8}}
*{{cite book |last= Pollock|first=Sheldon I.|title= The Language of the Gods in the World of Men: Sanskrit, Culture, and Power in Premodern India|year=2006|publisher= University of California Press|isbn=0-520-24500-8}}
*{{cite book |last= Sircar|first=D. C.|title=Indian epigraphy|year=1996|publisher= Motilal Banarsidass Publications|isbn=81-208-1166-6}}
*{{cite book |last= Moraes|first=George M.|title=The Kadamba Kula, A History of Ancient and Medieval Karnataka|year=1996|orig-year=1931|publisher= Asian Educational Services|isbn=81-206-0595-0}}
*{{cite book |last= Ramesh|first=K.V.|title=Chalukyas of Vatapi|year=1984|publisher= Agam Kala Prakashan|oclc=13869730}}
*{{cite book |last= Squarcini|first=Federico|title=Boundaries, Dynamics and Construction of Traditions in South Asia|year=2005|publisher= Firenze University Press|isbn=88-8453-262-0}}
*{{cite book |last= Kamat|first=Suryanath|title=A Concise history of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present|year=2001|orig-year=1980|publisher=Jupiter|oclc=7796041}}

{{Hindu temples in Karnataka}}

[[Category:Hindu temples in Shimoga district]]